利用2.5维数值模式匹配算法高效高精度建立垂直井眼中多分量阵列感应井眼校正库

本文将应用2.5维数值模式匹配算法研究建立柱状横向同性地层中偏心条件下磁流源并矢Green函数的高效算法,并利用该算法高效计算多分量阵列感应井眼校正库.首先,通过Fourier展开技术将偏心条件下磁流源并矢Green函数的数值模拟转化为一系列的轴对称问题;然后利用模式匹配算法求解轴对称问题,得到柱状介质中偏心条件下磁流源并矢Green函数的半解析解;最后,结合中国石油集团测井有限公司开发的三维感应测井仪器（TDIT）的结构参数,推导出复合线圈系视电导率张量的计算公式.在此基础上,根据井场实际地层资料归纳出理论地层模型相应参数的变化范围,高效高精度建立一套直接应用于工业生产的多分量阵列感应井眼校正库,并利用井眼校正库详细地分析考察各模型参数对TDIT响应的影响.

     

基于Python语言的瑞利面波频散反演实行方案

本文基于 Python 语言构建了瑞利面波频散反演工作流程:①通过pysurf96软件包实现水平层状模型的频散曲线正演;②建立描述频散曲线拟合度的目标函数;③利用scikit-opt软件包中的启发式算法实现频散曲线反演。提出并解决了调用函数过程中所遇到的问题,实验测试表明反演结果可靠,同时具备一定的计算效率。由此实现了搭建基于Python语言的面波频散反演地下层状结构研究平台,为其他研究者依靠开源软件进行反演运算提供了方法支持。最后,通过利用彭一波研究海拉尔盆地背景噪声时提取的频散曲线对地壳以及上地幔结构进行了反演,得到不错的效果。     

副溶血弧菌(Vibrio parahaemolyticus)诱导拟穴青蟹(Scylla paramamosain)血淋巴cDNA 文库构建及表达序列标签初步分析

利用SMART技术构建副溶血弧菌(Vibrio parahaemolyticus)诱导的拟穴青蟹(Scylla paramamosain)血淋巴cDNA文库。结果表明,该文库的滴度为1.04×107CFU/mL,文库总容量达1.144×107CFU,克隆子插入片段大小为500—2000bp,重组率达98%。将随机挑选的300个阳性克隆测序,经过质量控制和拼接,共得到141个单基因组簇(UniGenes),75个UniGenes与NCBI非冗余蛋白质数据库中登录的蛋白质序列存在显著相似性,其中20个与免疫防御相关,如kazal-like丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂类蛋白、kazal-type蛋白酶抑制剂arasin-like蛋白、抗内毒素因子、抗微生肽、金属硫蛋白、铁蛋白、类70kD热休克蛋白等,达总测序数的6.67%。研究结果证实,构建cDNA文库是获得拟穴青蟹免疫相关基因的可靠途径。     

可口革囊星虫(Phascolosoma esculenta)酵母双杂交文库和铁结合蛋白真核表达载体的构建

构建了可口革囊星虫(Phascolosoma esculenta)的酵母双杂文库, 总克隆数为6.09×106CFU, 重组率100%, 平均插入片段长度>1kb。随机挑取200个克隆子测序, 结果1个空载, 67 个无法对应的基因类型, 已知的132个基因中线粒体蛋白占29.54%, 蚯蚓血红蛋白15.9%, 核糖体蛋白10.6%, 铁结合蛋白8.3%, 肌动蛋白6.1%, 其它基因29.56%。这些基因分别为: 5-氨基乙酰丙酸合成酶、类博莱霉素水解酶、纤溶蛋白、谷氨酰胺合成酶、热休克蛋白、非特性类碱性磷酸酶、脂肪酶、金属蛋白、线粒体、硫氧还蛋白、蛋白磷酸酶、肌钙蛋白C、泛素。根据已获得的可口革囊星虫铁结合蛋白基因, 以EcoRⅠ和KpnⅠ为双酶切位点设计引物, 构建了可口革囊星虫铁结合蛋白真核表达载体pPink-HC-fer, 经PCR 及测序检验, 序列完全正确, 然后电转化至酵母细胞中诱导表达, 经SDS-PAGE检验其融合蛋白分子量大小约为23kDa。     

深海沉积物宏基因组文库构建及淀粉酶筛选

深海环境通常具有高盐,高压,高/低温,无光照等特点,使得海洋微生物存在一套独特的生理代谢机制和分子细胞结构,然而迄今绝大部分深海微生物不能在实验室条件下被分离培养,深海微生物资源开发遇到很大挑战。本研究通过不依赖培养的方法研究海洋微生物的基因资源,构建了南海深海沉积物fosmid宏基因组文库,共获得约39 600个克隆,插入片段范围在24~45 kb之间,平均插入片段大小为33 kb,克隆片段的总库容达到1 320 Mb。通过功能筛选获得3个具有淀粉酶活性的克隆子,选取其中最适温度较低的amy7作为进一步研究对象。构建amy7插入片段的重组质粒文库,获得一个同样有淀粉酶活性的克隆子amy7-6。经测序,克隆子amy7-6含有3 291 bp插入片段,序列比对分析后发现其中一个大小为1 920 bp的ORF,其编码的蛋白质序列(AmyS)与各种来源的糖苷酶有着较高的相似性。     

面向灾害识别的专题波谱库设计与开发

介绍了专题波谱库可视化程序设计与开发的方法。以土壤盐碱化为例,详细阐述了专题波谱库的设计思想及关键技术。可为环境与减灾卫星高光谱数据的业务化运行提供光谱数据支撑,提高了高光谱遥感在防灾减灾领域的定量反演应用能力。     

支持地图跨媒体出版的符号库研究

本文从色空间、图形描述机制、语法规则以及执行模式等方面分析了地图跨媒体发布所涉及到的各类图形格式、技术和标准之间的异同及其对地图符号库构建的影响:从地图符号的构图规律出发,引入通用的二维成像模型,提出一种媒介中立的地图符号数据结构,设计了一种同时支持地图屏幕显示、制版印刷、网络发布的地图符号库;并构建了原型系统,验证了该符号库支持地图跨媒体输出的可行性。     

3D Visualization for the Analysis of Forest Cover Change

Abstract

Visualization techniques have been developed to recreate natural landscapes, but little has been done to investigate their potential for illustrating land cover change using spatio‐temporal data. In this work, remote sensing, geographic information systems (GIS) and visualization techniques were applied to generate realistic computer visualizations depicting the dynamic nature of forested environments. High resolution digital imagery and aerial photography were classified using object‐oriented methods. The resulting classifications, along with preexisting land cover datasets, were used to drive the correct placement of vegetation in the visualized landscape, providing an accurate representation of reality at various points in time. 3D Nature's Visual Nature Studio was used to construct a variety of realistic images and animations depicting forest cover change in two distinct ecological settings. Visualizations from Yellowstone National Park focused on the dramatic impact of the 1988 fire upon the lodgepole pine forest. For a study area in Kansas, visualization techniques were used to explore the continuous human‐land interactions impacting the eastern deciduous forest and tallgrass prairie ecotone between 1941 and 2002. The resulting products demonstrate the flexibility and effectiveness of visualizations for representing spatio‐temporal patterns such as changing forest cover. These geographic visualizations allow users to communicate findings and explore new hypotheses in a clear, concise and effective manner.     

Twenty-Second European Congress of the Regional Science Association

Abstract

In his article, “Whither Geography?,” Jay R. Harman raised a number of important issues regarding the nature and direction of geographic scholarship. In this response I critically address some of those issues and offer an alternative perspective. In doing so, I support Harman's desire for the discipline to “help answer deep human questions” but argue that rather than reinforce the vitality and legitimacy of the discipline, a market-based approach of the sort he advocates could instead potentially undermine such objectives and compromise disciplinary integrity by discouraging critical inquiry. While acknowledging the influence of “the market,” I defend a place for critical inquiry within the discipline.     

Facility allocation strategies and the sustainability of service delivery: Modelling library patronage patterns and their related CO2-emissions

Service accessibility and urban transportation choices are crucial in cities' endeavours for securing social equality and environmental sustainability. They are particularly relevant when the public service network is to be rationalized. In this paper we provide a practical example of comparing the impacts of current varying service allocation strategies on travel behaviour and the resulting carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions. We take libraries as a local public service to examine the CO₂ emissions resulting from residents' library trips in the capital region of Finland. Our analyses are based on data on library use (library loan database, N = 420,000), accessibility (comparable models of travel-time by car, public transportation and non-motorized transport) and customer transport choices (survey, n = 584). Our results show that (1) 52% of library customers use a library that is accessible from their home with minimum CO₂ emissions (the “climate-optimal” facility provider), (2) the remaining 48% that choose a non-optimal facility provider produce nearly 90% of the total CO₂-emissions related to library customer flows and (3) the service allocation strategies of the different municipalities lead to markedly different CO₂-emission patterns resulting from service usage. To conclude, sustainability measures (in our case the CO₂ burden) provide useful information on the impact of a service network structure which may be used alongside economic rationales.