Landslide incidence zonation in the Rio Mendoza valley,Mendoza Province,Argentina

This paper presents a landslide incidence zonation map showing the percentage of underlying material involved in mass‐movement processes in the Rio Mendoza valley, Argentina. The landslide incidence zonation map was derived from an inventory map of landslides and reveals that many areas of the Rio Mendoza valley are implicated in this kind of process. A correlation has been found between the occurrence of landslides, earthquakes, and rainfall. The relation between lithology and landslides is clear: areas covered by friable sedimentary and volcanic rocks of the Choiyoi Group are prone to debris ?ows and complex landslides. The slope map has been ranked and a general relation between slope and type of event is shown. Falls commonly develop in high‐angle slopes. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A perusal on the correlation of pesticide application on tobacco growing in the districts of NWFP-Pakistan and cancers incidence

Tobacco is an important cash crop in Pakistan. It is a sensitive plant prone to many bacterial, fungal, and viral diseases. It is also attacked by several species of worms, beetles and moths. Therefore high levels of pesticides are used to grow tobacco. The obvious benefits from the use of the pesticides are so spectacular that some of the problems associated with their use are not recognized. However, many of these pesticides are highly toxic and have impacts on tobacco workers, especially occupational exposures, which are the direct victims of pesticides poisoning. The victims include many children, pregnant women and elders who all participate in tobacco production. Pesticides either cause or exacerbate a number of illnesses in farmers and farm workers when they are exposed to them. So, occupational exposure is probably one of the most important impacts on tobacco farmers, since they and their families are exposed constantly to a large amount of pesticides. This exposure can lead to many serious problems. No study has been done to identify the effects of tobacco pesticides on human health especially on farmers health in Pakistan. The objective of this paper is to establish a correlation of pesticides application on tobacco crop with cancer incidence in the tobacco growing districts of NWFP- Pakistan.     

银川地区冠心病发病率气象预报模型

对银川地区冠心病与气象条件的分析表明，冠心病发病与气温、气压等气象要素有密切的关系。在相关分析的基础上，运用逐步回归方法建立冠心病周、旬发病率预报方程，为防病治病提供一些依据。     

山西离柳地区生态地球化学环境中氟与人群健康关系的研究

为了研究不同生态地球化学区内元素对人体健康的影响 ,在山西离柳地区西部 ,以氟为例 ,运用地下水化学热力学、化学动力学及统计分析 ,得出 :(1)地氟病患病率及病情轻重程度 ,与水 (土 )中F-总量 (F总)及活度 (aF- )、络合物活度 (aMF)及其饱和指数 (βMF)呈正相关关系 ,符合一般规律 ;(2 )氟的不同存在形态的致病作用是aF- >F总 ,aNaF0 >aCaF+>aMgF+,βNaF0 >βCaF+>βMgF+;(3)水循环交替条件及有关组分含量与病情轻重密切相关。研究结果为防治地氟病和地方性病症提供了定性、定量依据 ,也为同类研究提出了新的途径     

灰色关联度法在盘锦市曙光地区地下水水质评价中的应用

为了解辽河油田区域水资源环境背景和地下水水质变化趋势,本文选取盘锦市曙光地区6个水源地多年地下水水质监测资料,应用灰色关联度方法对地下水水质进行综合评价,结果表明近20年来,该区地下水水质逐渐变差,集中表现在Cl-和总矿化度较高,主要原因为油田污染及海水入侵等。     

我国南海沿海台风及暴潮灾害趋势分析

利用中国气象局上海台风研究所(CMA)和国家海洋局(SOA)数据资料, 对南海沿海台风活动(1949—2016)和风暴潮灾害趋势(1989—2016)进行了统计分析。结果表明, 南海地区台风年登陆频数整体上呈微弱减少趋势, 但强台风影响及强度呈加强趋势; 1990年代中期台风登陆频数出现显著突变, 粤东地区受高强度台风的影响变得频繁, 粤西地区从2007年开始台风登陆强度逐年增强; 研究区域内台风强度分布一致性较好。文章还总结了典型的热带气旋路径, 分析了不同入射角范围的台风在强度和地区分布上占比的变化规律, 指出近年来中国南海沿海地区年强台风暴潮灾害发生频数增多, 年最大风暴潮等级有增大趋势。     

基于黏弹性边界的P波斜入射波场分解方法精度比较

黏弹性人工边界以其概念清晰,稳定性高,精度良好的优点,在地下结构抗震的研究中已经得到了较为广泛的应用。在使用黏弹性边界进行地震动的输入时,需要把地震波转化为模型网格节点上的等效节点力,这个过程就要涉及到波场分解的问题。波场分解的方式可以不同,但不同的波场分解方式会得出精度不同的计算结果,而学界目前尚未就此达成一致。本文在前人研究的基础上,总结了3种地震波斜入射的波场分解方法,编制了相应的Python脚本来实现黏弹性边界和等效节点力的批量施加,并且以不同角度的地震波斜入射为例在同一有限元模型中计算以进行比较研究。结果表明计算精度与波场分解的方式密切相关:在模型边界上考虑的自由场波动叠加越完整,计算结果越精确。     

Variations in the dynamic response of structures founded on piles induced by obliquely incident SV waves

Although the seismic actions generally consist of a combination of waves, which propagates with an angle of incidence not necessarily vertical, the common practice when analyzing the dynamic behavior of pile groups is based on the assumption of vertically incident wave fields. The aim of this paper is to analyze how the angle of incidence of SV waves affects the dynamic response of pile foundations and piled structures. A three-dimensional boundary element-finite element coupling formulation is used to compute impedances and kinematic interaction factors corresponding to several configurations of vertical pile groups embedded in an isotropic homogeneous linear viscoelastic half-space. These results, which are provided in ready-to-use dimensionless graphs, are used to determine the effective dynamic properties of an equivalent single-degree-of-freedom oscillator that reproduces, within the range where the peak response occurs, the response of slender and nonslender superstructures through a procedure based on a substructuring model. Results are expressed in terms of effective flexible-base period and damping as well as maximum shear force at the base of the structure. The relevance and main trends observed in the influence of the wavefront angle of incidence on the dynamic behavior of the superstructure are inferred from the presented results. It is found that effective damping is significantly affected by the variations of the wave angle of incidence. Furthermore, it comes out that the vertical incidence is not always the worst-case scenario.     

Modelling the impact of a time-varying wave angle on the nonlinear evolution of sand bars in the surf zone

Sandy beaches are often characterized by the presence of sand bars, whose characteristics (growth, migration speed, etc.) strongly depend on offshore wave conditions, such as wave height and angle of wave incidence. This study addresses the impact of a sinusoidally time-varying wave angle of incidence with different time-means on the saturation height, migration speed and longshore spacing of sand bars. Model results show that shore-transverse sand bars (so-called TBR bars) eventually develop under a time-varying wave angle. Depending on the time-mean, amplitude and period of the varying angle of wave incidence, the mean heights and mean migration speeds of the bars can be larger or smaller than their corresponding values in the case of time-invariant angles. Bars might not even form when the wave angle varies around a too large oblique mean value, whereas bars exist in the case of a time-invariant wave angle. The oscillations in both bar height and migration speed are large if the period of the time-varying wave angle is close to the adjustment timescale of the system and if large differences in the local growth and migration rates of the bars occur during one oscillation period. The oscillations in bar height are a combination of harmonics with the principal period and half the period of the time-varying wave angle, whereas those of migration speed contain only the principal period. Bars that are subject to time-varying wave angles have larger longshore crest-to-crest spacings than those which form under fixed wave angles. Physical explanations for these findings are given. © 2020 The Authors. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd     

二维正方晶格光控太赫兹波调制器

2006年冬季在南京北郊盘城利用系留气球探测系统、自动气象站等仪器对雾日和非雾日的边界层进行了监测,对比分析了两者的边界层结构。结果表明,非雾日主要为单层贴地逆温,并时常出现短时的双层结构,雾发展成熟时逆温则脱离地面。与非雾日相比,雾日平均雾顶之上温度日较差增大,雾顶之下则减小。平均风速的时间—高度分布在雾日和非雾日类似,在稳定性边界层中风速随高度出现一个或者两个极大值区。温度和比湿在非雾日没有显著的对应性,而在雾体内具有较好的对应关系,在雾顶升降过程中反相关。较强的逆温、较低的温度和较小的近地层风速是南京冬季成雾的背景条件。