利用sPL震相确定海南儋州2.6级地震震源深度

对海南测震台网记录的2014年7月28日海南儋州2.6级地震波形数据进行预处理,发现松林岭(SLL)地震台记录到sPL震相,运用频率—波速(F—K)方法,合成在不同震源深度模型下的理论波形。通过该台记录的实际波形和理论波形拟合对比,确定海南儋州2.6级地震震源深度约14 km。     

大庆地区地震精定位与震源机制解分析

依托大庆城市活动断层探测项目,开展大庆区域地震活动性研究。筛选黑龙江省及周边662个地震事件的震相到时,修订研究区域走时模型。对研究区148个地震运用交切法和双差法重新定位,对比发现,双差定位后地震定位精度显著提高,地震空间分布更加集中,条带状更为明显,震源深度表明,研究区孕震层基本位于地壳中上部。利用震源机制解资料,对工作区现代构造应力场进行分析,认为本区域构造应力场主压应力方向为NE向,以水平走滑作用为主。     

内蒙古阿拉善地区几次中等强度地震震源深度测定

震源深度对发震构造研究具有重要意义,内蒙古阿拉善地区近年来地震活动频繁,发生数次中强地震和大量中小地震。选取阿拉善地区8个中等强度地震,使用Pn、Pg联合测定深度方法(PTD)、sPn和Pn走时差方法和CAP方法测定震源深度,3种方法计算结果的一致,重新测定的震源深度范围为(18±7)km。     

采用CAP方法反演2016年广西苍梧M_S 5.4地震震源机制解

北京时间2016年7月31日广西梧州市苍梧县发生M_S 5.4地震,基于海南地震台网数字波形资料,采用CAP方法反演震源机制解。结果显示,此次M_S 5.4地震震源深度较浅,最佳深度为5.1 km,其中节面Ⅰ参数为:走向340°,倾角37°,滑动角-18°;节面Ⅱ参数为:走向85°,倾角79°,滑动角-125°。初步推断苍梧M_S 5.4地震破裂面运动以走滑为主,兼有正断性质,反演参数与中国地震台网中心结果较为一致。     

以和静地震为例分析sPn震相在震源深度测定中的应用

利用新疆台网波形数据,对2012年6月30日新源、和静交界区MS6.6地震以及2012年6月30日和静MS4.2地震波形中sPn震相进行分析。通过sPn震相与Pn震相的到时差,并结合2015年新疆模型和3400走时表模型对两个地震进行震源深度测定。结果表明,采用两个模型得出的震源深度与中国地震台网中心测定深度的误差分别为1.7km与1.5km,2.4km与2.1km,其结果真实可靠。     

Effects of snow-depth change on spring runoff in cryosphere areas of China

Based on snow-depth and measured runoff data in the 19 river basins of the cryosphere areas of China, changes in cold season snow depth (CSSD) and spring runoff, and the relationship between CSSD and spring runoff were analysed. Decreasing trends in CSSD were detected mainly in the plains (plateaus), while increasing trends were found mainly in the mountainous regions. Different combinations of precipitation and temperature may be responsible for these results. The response of spring runoff to CSSD change varied greatly under climate warming. The runoff in April and May was commonly affected by CSSD, while the runoff in March was less affected by CSSD, but more by the increasing temperature causing more snowmelt in March. Due to relatively greater snow accumulation in spring, the runoff during spring was less affected by CSSD in the southern Tienshan Mountains.     

Evaluating debris-flow and anthropogenic disturbance on 10Be concentration in mountain drainage basins: implications for functional connectivity and denudation rates across time scales

We examine the sensitivity of ¹⁰Be concentrations (and derived denudation rates), to debris-flow and anthropogenic perturbations in steep settings of the Eastern Alps, and explore possible relations with structural geomorphic connectivity. Using cosmogenic ¹⁰Be as a tracer for functional geomorphic connectivity, we conduct sampling replications across four seasons in Gadria, Strimm and Allitz Creek. Sampling sites encompass a range of structural connectivity configurations, including the conditioning of a sackung, all assessed through a geomorphometric index (IC). By combining information on contemporary depth of erosion and sediment yield, disturbance history and post-LGM (Last Glacial Maximum) sedimentation rates, we constrain the effects of debris-flow disturbance on ¹⁰Be concentrations at the Gadria sites. Here, we argue that bedrock weakening imparted by the sackung promotes high depth of erosion. Consequently, debris flows recruit sediment beyond the critical depth of spallogenic production (e.g., >3 m), which in turn, episodically, due to predominantly muogenic production pathways, lowers ¹⁰Be concentration by a factor of 4, for at least 2 years. In contrast, steady erosion in Strimm Creek yields very stable ¹⁰Be concentrations through time. In Allitz Creek, we observe two- to fourfold seasonal fluctuations in ¹⁰Be concentrations, which we explain as the combined effects of water diversion and hydraulic structures on sediment mixing. We further show that ¹⁰Be concentration correlates inversely with the IC index, where sub-basins characterized by high concentrations (long residence times) exhibit low IC values (structurally disconnected) and vice versa, implying that, over millennial time scales a direct relation exists between functional and structural connectivity, and that the IC index performed as a suitable metric for structural connectivity. The index performs comparably better than other metrics (i.e., mean slope and mean normalized channel steepness index) previously used to assess topographic controls on denudation rates in active unglaciated ranges. In terms of landscape evolution, we argue that the sackung, by favouring intense debris-flow activity across the Holocene, has aided rapid postglacial reshaping of the Gadria basin, which currently exhibits a topographic signature characteristic of unglaciated debris-flow systems. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Effect of source parameters on forward-directivity velocity pulse for vertical strike slip fault in half space

It has been found that the large velocity pulse is one of the most important characteristics of near-fault strong ground motions. Some statistical relationships between pulse period and the moment magnitude for near-fault strong ground motions have been established by Somerville （1998）; Alavi and Krawinkler （2000）; and Mavroeidis and Papageorgiou （2003）, where no variety of rupture velocity, fault depth, and fault distance, etc. were considered. Since near-fault ground motions are significantly influenced by the rupture process and source parameters, the effects of some source parameters on the amplitude and the period ofa forward-directivity velocity pulse in a half space are analyzed by the finite difference method combined with the kinematic source model in this paper. The study shows that the rupture velocity, fault depth, position of the initial rupture point and distribution of asperities are the most important parameters to the velocity pulse. Generally, the pulse period decreases and the pulse amplitude increases as the rupture velocity increases for shallow crustal earthquakes. In a definite region besides the fault trace, the pulse period increases as the fault depth increases. For a uniform strike slip fault, rupture initiating from one end of a fault and propagating to the other always generates a higher pulse amplitude and longer pulse period than in other cases.     

国土空间规划用地分类完善及规划基数转换研究——以山东省诸城市为例

为满足国土空间规划差异化与精细化管理的需求,在综合研究分析现有国土空间规划用地分类基础上,对其进行了完善调整;结合实践,提出国土空间规划基数转换的原则、步骤与方法,并以完善后的用地分类为基础,以山东省诸城市为例进行了验证,同时对具体实践中存在的问题提出合理建议.     

多波束测深波束脚印位置归算模型研究

推导了多波束测深脚印位置归算模型,通过与CARIS软件进行实例比对,验证了该模型的有效性。在数据处理过程中,采用时标序列检索的方式处理导航时间延迟,取得了良好的效果;采用条带姿态进行姿态改正避免了"杠杆"旋转对边缘波束深度的影响。实例比对表明,该模型结果与CARIS软件输出结果一致。