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41.
A numerical procedure is described for the analysis of the vertical deformation and the stress distribution of the strip footings
on layered soil media. Three layers of soil with different stiffness are considered with the middle soil layer the thinnest
and most stiff layer. The soil media is discretized and using the theory of elasticity, the governing differential equations
are obtained in terms of vertical and horizontal displacements. These equations along with appropriate boundary and continuity
conditions are solved by using the finite difference method. The vertical and horizontal displacements, strains and stresses
are found at various nodes in the soil media. Parametric studies are carried out to study the effect of the placement depth
of the middle soil layer, the relative ratios of the moduli of deformation of the soil layers on the vertical displacement
of the footing and the vertical stress distribution. These studies reveal that the middle thin but very stiff layer acts like
a plate and redistributes the stresses on the lower soft soil layer uniformly. The displacement on the top and bottom of the
middle soil layer is almost the same showing that the compression of the middle layer is negligible as it is very stiff. 相似文献
42.
Priti Maheshwari P. K. Basudhar S. Chandra 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2006,24(2):313-324
The paper describes a mechanical model for estimating the flexural response of a strip footing, supporting a column (imposing
a concentrated load), resting on a compacted granular bed overlying a reinforcement layer for example, geogrids, geomats etc.
below which lies a loose soil deposit. The footing is idealized as a beam and the reinforcing element is assumed to have finite
bending stiffness and negligible frictional resistance. The upper and lower soil layers are idealized by a series of linear
and discrete springs (Winkler springs) of different stiffness values. To find the response of such a model the governing differential
equations have been derived and expressed in a nondimensional form. A closed form analytical solution of the same has been
obtained subjected to appropriate boundary conditions. Using the present approach the resulting solution for a degenerated
case of a long beam is found to be identical to the same of Hetenyi (1946, Beams on elastic foundations, University of Michigan
press, Ann Arbor, MI). Parametric studies reveal that the ratio of flexural rigidity of upper and lower beam and the ratio
of stiffness of the upper and lower soil layers affect significantly the response of the foundation. 相似文献
43.
Re-evaluation of focal depths and source mechanisms of selected earthquakes in the Afar depression 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
We present a stepwise inversion procedure to assess the focal depth and model earthquake source complexity of seven moderate-sized earthquakes (6.2 > M w > 5.1) that occurred in the Afar depression and the surrounding region. The Afar depression is a region of highly extended and intruded lithosphere, and zones of incipient seafloor spreading. A time-domain inversion of full moment tensor was performed to model direct P and SH waves of teleseismic data. Waveform inversion of the selected events estimated focal depths in the range of 17–22 km, deeper than previously published results. This suggests that the brittle–ductile transition zone beneath parts of the Afar depression extends more than 22 km. The effect of near-source velocity structure on the moment tensor elements was also investigated and was found to respond little to the models considered. Synthetic tests indicate that the size of the estimated, non-physical, non-isotropic source component is rather sensitive to incorrect depth estimation. The dominant double couple part of the moment tensor solutions for most of the events indicates that their occurrence is mainly due to shearing. Parameters associated with source directivity (rupture velocity and azimuth) were also investigated. Re-evaluation of the analysed events shows predominantly normal faulting consistent with the relative plate motions in the region. 相似文献
44.
HUANG Ling YANG Guang-da HAN Li-guo .Geophysical Exploration Company of Jilin Petroleum Group Co. Ltd Songyuan China .Jilin Petroleum Group Company Songyuan China .College of GeoExploration Science Technology Jilin University Changchun China 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2006,(Z2)
深层地震勘探野外资料采集的关键是在保证原始资料一定信噪比的基础上,同时兼顾分辨率,激发井深是决定资料品质的重要因素之一。通过对虚反射滤波作用分析,提出了充分利用虚反射能量设计最佳激发井深,增强下传地震波能量的采集方法。理论分析和试验资料表明,在高速层下4~7m的最佳激发岩性深度是深层勘探的理想井深。 相似文献
45.
年度考核现状分析及改进对策 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过对现行年度考核体系的现状分析,着重探讨如何改进考核办法,充实考核内容,建立科学有效的考评体系,提高考核效率,充分发挥年度考核结果在干部选拔、薪酬福利、培训开发、人员招聘和配置、个人职业生涯发展中的重大作用。 相似文献
46.
47.
48.
含油玄武岩中绿泥石的形成温度 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
以苏北盆地高邮凹陷闵桥地区含油玄武岩中的绿泥石为研究对象,探讨了其成因和形成温度,认为玄武岩中绿泥石有两种形成方式、五条形成途径:其一为蚀变演化,包括:火山玻璃、斜长石、辉石的蚀变,交代橄榄石斑晶,以及皂石的进一步演化;其二为沉淀结晶,包括从热液中直接沉淀生长和胶体溶液充填后的结晶。计算结果显示,蚀变演化形成的绿泥石,其形成温度为128-271℃;沉淀结晶形成的绿泥石,其形成温度为31-63℃。玄武岩中绿泥石形成温度与埋藏深度间没有明显的线性相关。进一步研究表明,本区玄武岩作为储油层,其进油时的温度为62-118℃,不超出48-137℃。 相似文献
49.
As a legacy of the centrally planned economy, the economies in transition of Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) have a unique
potential to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions through the improvement in their high energy intensities. Since much of
this `low-hanging fruit' in energy-efficiency improvements can be highly cost-effective, many developed countries facing difficulties
in meeting their greenhouse gas (GHG) emission targets domestically are eager to find such opportunities in the CEE region.
Therefore, studies analysing the potentials and costs of carbon dioxide reduction through technology improvement in the region
have come into the limelight. While there are a few excellent studies in the region aimed at analysing climate change abatement
potentials, they all embark on different assumptions, methodologies and boundary conditions. It is hence difficult, if not
impossible, to compare and analyse the results of these studies across different authors, countries or time horizons. Consequently,
the purpose of this paper is to place four leading studies on GHG mitigation through technology improvement from the CEE region
into an internationally comparable framework. Four studies were selected from three countries, Poland, Hungary and Estonia,
which are all the results of major national and international efforts to assess costs and potentials of GHG reduction. The
paper places their assumptions, methods and final results into a framework which enables policy-makers and project designers
to compare these across geographical and technological boundaries. Since other studies from around the globe have been analysed
in this framework in the literature, this paper provides a vehicle for the findings of these four studies to be compared to
others worldwide. In addition, the paper highlights a few areas where similar studies to be completed in the future in the
region may be enhanced by incorporating features used in GHG mitigation research in other parts of the world.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
50.
雄关漫道真如铁——论中国油气二次创业 总被引:17,自引:19,他引:17
半个多世纪以来,中国经历了油气资源的第一次创业,在祖国大陆和近海大陆架地区的新生代陆相碎屑岩沉积盆地中,发现了一批油气田,使原油年产量达1.67亿吨,位居世界第五,天然气疸这241亿立方米,居世界第十五位,成绩是巨大的,但是,1993年开始进口原油3000万吨,2000年进口原油7200万吨,严重影响国家经济建设,而且这种趋势还在不断发展,预测2010年将进口原油1亿吨,天然气200亿立方米,那么,中国油气资源的出路何在?作者指出,从中国大地构造演化来看,前新生代海相残留盆地还有巨大的油气潜力,尽管其勘探的难度是世界级的,但是,只要我们切实地依靠科学技术,进行油气资源的二次创业,困难上,在实践中克服困难,就可以发现更多的石油天然气,支持国家经济建设的持续发展。 相似文献