海洋测深网平差模型的可靠性分析

给出了海洋测深网平差模型在观测值等精度独立条件下的可靠性计算公式，理论分析指出，当检查线数小于3时，模型可靠性不好。对此，提出了一种适用于检查线数小于3的改化模型。并分析了1：1万比例尺3种水深图幅网结构的可靠性，指出检查线与测深线长度比为10%～15％对确定测深网的可靠性较为合适。     

基于余水位配置的海洋潮汐推算研究

基于余水位的配置模型,利用长期验潮站实测水位结合临近短期验潮站天文潮位来恢复短期站的实际水位,并对其进行误差分析,证明基于余水位配置的海洋潮汐推算的可行性与实用性.     

黄渤海无缝深度基准面绘制与分析

针对海洋测绘中的深度基准面,探讨了格网化和无缝连续深度基准面的确定方法,使用自编潮汐获取工具计算出以10km为间隔的黄渤海海区的深度基准面数据,并应用成图软件绘制出比例尺为1∶100万的黄渤海深度基准面图,对黄渤海的深度基准面分布特点做了一定的分析。采用类似方法可以绘制中国海区乃至全球海洋的无缝深度基准面。     

海道测量专家系统开发构想

世界各国已经在许多重要领域研制出了大量实用的专家系统.围绕专家系统构造条件,从海道测量专家系统开发的可能性、合理性和必要性方面进行分析,提出了海道测量专家系统构建设想.     

海道测量水位改正通用模式研究

为满足海道测量作业发展实际需求,进行了海道测量水位改正通用模式研究.在单波束测深逐点逐时分区改正基础上提出了适于单、多波束测深的海量数据虚拟单验潮站改正模式,基于时差法、最小二乘拟合法数学模型以及海洋潮汐数值预报模型,研制了适于沿岸、近海水深测量的水位改正软件.     

基于Mapinfo与Fortran和Surfer相结合的海洋水文数据空间可视化集成技术方法研究——以河北省海洋水文专题图编绘为例

探讨了应用M ap in fo平台与Fortran和Surfer相结合的海洋水文数据空间可视化集成技术方法,以河北省海洋水文专题图编绘为例,通过对不同程序语言接口的研究,实现了海洋水文观测数据的快速可视化,并对图形赋予空间、地理等多维信息,构建了数据显示和分析的综合集成技术,为海洋科研和管理提供便捷途径。     

新一代电子航海图标准S-101的研究进展

S-101是基于通用海道测量数据模型建立的新一代电子航海图产品规范,遵循了S-100规定的产品规范建立原则和方法,实现了对电子海图特定应用的准确技术描述。在与S-57标准兼容性、数据内容和结构、数据编码和数据分发/保护等四个方面有了新的发展。该规范仍处于开发阶段,探讨研究S-101的开发进展将有利于我国电子航海图技术的发展。     

Plankton pulses in a temperate coastal embayment during the Winter-Spring transition

Hydrographical parameters, phytoplankton productivity and plankton composition were determined over a five-month period in the Bay of Plencia, a coastal area located in the mouth of the river Butron in Biscay, Basque Country. The water column was moderately mixed during most of the study period, which lasted from February to June 1985. Nutrient levels showed high temporal variability and were affected by both river runoff and seasonal biological processes. Nutrients were present most of the time in relatively high concentrations and most of them decreased in late spring. Phytoplankton size structure analysis showed that nanoplankton had the higher chlorophyll content and was responsible for most of the primary production. The phytoplankton showed changes in community composition resulting from the normal progression of the winter-spring conditions. Short-lived peaks of diatom concentration in the spring were followed by periods of low abundance, when maxima of Cladocera and Appendicularia occurred. Total zooplankton showed two peaks of abundance in mid-winter and mid-spring, respectively. Nauplii of Copepoda, juvenile stages of Calanoida and nauplii of Cirripedia were responsible for the two peaks, together with highly seasonal groups (Cladocera, Appendicularia and Cnidaria) in the spring maxima.Primary production seems to be driven by physical processes (temperature, short photoperiod and storms) in winter, whereas depletion of nutrients and grazing by zooplankton are responsible for phytoplankton minima between peaks of abundance in the growing season. Two temporal phases were apparent when the data were analysed by a principal component analysis.     

平均海面同步改正传递法的误差分析

给出了平均海面同步改正法中异步效应及余水位引起的误差的表达式。对中国沿海3组典型验潮站进行了数值计算,统计分析了异步效应与余水位引起的误差的量值与规律。     

Steric Sea-level Variations Inferred from Combined Topex/Poseidon Altimetry and GRACE Gravimetry

In this study, we propose to estimate the steric sea-level variations over a < 2-year period (April 2002 through December 2003) by combining global mean sea level (GMSL) based on Topex/Poseidon (T/P) altimetry with time-variable geoid averaged over the oceans, as observed by the GRACE (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment) satellite. In effect, altimetry-derived GMSL changes results from two contributions: Steric (thermal plus salinity) effects due to sea water density change and ocean mass change due to water exchange with atmosphere and continents. On the other hand, GRACE data over the oceans provide the ocean mass change component only. The paper first discusses the corrections to apply to the GRACE data. Then the steric contribution to the GMSL is estimated using GRACE and T/P data. Comparison with available thermal expansion based on in situ hydrographic data is performed. G. García: On leave from Space Geodesy Laboratory, Applied Mathematics Department, EPS, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain.