论高等学校学科建设与专业建设的关系

在分析学科与专业关系的基础上,阐述了学科建设与专业建设的联系与区别,并就如何做好高等学校的学科建设与专业建设工作提出了建议。     

高阶Boussinesq类方程数值求解及试验验证

基于二阶非线性与色散的Boussinesq类方程,采用改善的Crank-Nicolson方法对不同情况下淹没潜堤上的波浪传播进行数值模拟。高阶方程与传统、改进型的Boussinesq方程计算结果进行比较,高阶方程的计算结果与实验吻合得更好。表明该高阶Boussinesq方程能够精确预测变水深、强非线性的复杂波况,可用于实际近岸海域波浪问题的计算。     

湿地高等植物初级生产力对全球变化响应的研究进展

在全球环境变化的背景下,影响湿地高等植物初级生产力的生态因子也在发生着不同程度的变化,大气中CO2浓度升高、气温升高和降水格局变化等已经严重地影响了高等植物的生理生态过程,改变了湿地高等植物的初级生产力。CO2在大气中不断增加,并通过植物光合作用及其他生理代谢作用,在一定程度上影响了湿地高等植物的生长状况和物质积累;气候变暖改变了一些地区的降水格局,从而影响了这些地区湿地的水文情势,使湿地水位波动的频率和幅度不断增加,直接影响了湿地高等植物的初级生产力;温度升高严重影响了湿地土壤中氮的矿化速率以及矿质氮的转化过程,直接影响土壤的供氮能力,进而影响湿地高等植物的初级生产力。回顾了湿地高等植物初级生产力对全球变化响应的研究进程,指出近期湿地高等植物初级生产力对全球变化响应研究的重点方向和领域。     

山东省三次暖切变线极强降水的对比分析

应用加密观测、常规观测、卫星云图和雷达探测的资料及NCEP/NCAR(1°×1°)再分析资料,对山东省三次极强降水天气进行了诊断和对比分析。结果表明,低层暖式切变线和500 hPa西风槽是三次强降水的主要影响系统。强降水前低层大气高温、高湿、对流不稳定,有较高的对流不稳定能量。低层暖式切变线辐合和暖湿平流产生的上升运动与地面辐合线附近产生的上升运动相叠加,触发对流不稳定能量释放,产生强对流,造成强降水。较强的风垂直切变使得对流有组织地发展。强降水期间,中高层弱的干冷空气侵入,使得对流不稳定加强,中高层具有高位涡的干冷空气入侵诱发低层中尺度涡旋发展, 辐合上升运动加强。低层暖湿气流螺旋式辐合上升与中高层入侵的干冷空气相遇,水汽凝结率增大,降水强度增强。中高层干冷空气侵入的时段与极强降水的时段相对应。有利的地形对局地短时极强降水有重要作用。低层暖式切变线和500 hPa低槽的位置、强弱不同,中高层冷空气的强度和入侵路径不同,对流云团的发生发展、内部结构和移动方向不同,造成强降水的地理位置和强度不同。     

Concept Learning through Writing for Learning: Using Journals in an Introductory Geography Course

Abstract

To effectively use journals and other writing for learning tasks as critical thinking and learning tools, geographic educators need to draw from the education literature on concept learning. Using the literature on concept learning and critical thinking, geographic educators can construct different kinds of journal assignments that give students opportunities to personalize and understand concepts. I demonstrate that students, regardless of their sex, level of education, or previous coursework in geography, found journal assignments helpful in understanding human geographic concepts.     

测绘成人高等函授教育档案管理工作的的工作要点

在测绘成人高等函授教育中,档案管理是函授站的一项重要工作。要做好档案管理工作,必须加强档案管理人员的思想政治教育和科学文化水平,提高他们的政治理论水平,思想道德素养,科学管理能力和档案管理基本技能。     

高等职业院校工程测量技术专业《控制测量学》教学改革研究

主要通过教学对象、教材的选择、教学过程的改革以及考核方式的探索来讨论<控制测量学>在高等职业院校的改革.选择适应新时代的教材,并提出基于工作过程的教学模式,采用项目自我检验法检验学生知识掌握能力,培养出满足社会和用人单位需要的可持续发展的高技术人才.     

Evaluation and suggestions for improvement of seismic design procedures for R/C walls in dual systems

This paper aims to shed some further light on the seismic behaviour and design of reinforced concrete (R/C) walls which form part of dual (frame + wall) structures. The significance of post‐elastic dynamic effects is recognized by most seismic codes in the definition of the design action effects on walls, i.e. bending moments and shear forces. However, the resulting envelopes are not always fully satisfactory, particularly in the case of medium‐to‐high‐rise buildings. The relevant provisions of modern seismic codes are first summarized and their limitations discussed. Then an extensive parametric study is presented which involves typical multi‐storey dual systems that include walls with unequal lengths, designed according to the provisions of Eurocode 8 for two different ductility classes (M and H) and two effective peak ground acceleration levels (0.16 and 0.24g). The walls of these structures are also designed according to other methods, such as those used in New Zealand and Greece. The resulting different designs are then assessed by subjecting the structures to a suite of records from strong ground motions, carrying out inelastic time history analysis, and comparing the results with the design action effects. It is found that for (at least) the design earthquake intensity, the first two modes of vibration suffice for describing the seismic response of the walls. The bending moment envelope, as well as the base shear of each wall, is found to be strongly dependent on the second mode effect. As far as the code‐prescribed design action effects are concerned, only the NZ Code was found to be consistently conservative, whereas this was not always the case with EC8. A new method is then proposed which focuses on quantifying in a simple way the second mode effects in the inelastic response of the walls. This procedure seems to work better than the others evaluated herein. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

调整人力资源的供给结构促进人力资源向人力资本的转变

“人力资源是第一资源”。在社会主义市场经济条件下，只有通过市场实现人力资源向人力资本的转变，人力资源才能作为现实的生产力要素发挥作用。否则只是消耗资源的消费者，而且是生产力发展的压迫因素。教育是人力资源的再生产环节，决定着人力资源的供给结构。我国现阶段人力资源向人力资本转变过程中存在的困难，一个重要原因就是人力资源的供给结构与市场的需求不相适应。所以必须通过发展和改革教育，促进人力资源向人力资本的转变。     

A Class of higher dimensional spherically symmetric cosmological model in Lyra geometry

Exact analytical solutions are obtained for a higher dimensional spherically symmetric inhomogeneous metric in presence of a mass-less scalar field with a flat potential within the framework of Lyra geometry. Assuming a homogeneous scalar field, we have shown that the metric can be reduced to a generalized FRW type.