The Spin-Orbit Resonant Rotation of Mercury: A Two Degree of Freedom Hamiltonian Model

The paper develops a hamiltonian formulation describing the coupled orbital and spin motions of a rigid Mercury rotation about its axis of maximum moment of inertia in the frame of a 3:2 spin orbit resonance; the (ecliptic) obliquity is not constant, the gravitational potential of mercury is developed up to the second degree terms (the only ones for which an approximate numerical value can be given) and is reduced to a two degree of freedom model in the absence of planetary perturbations. Four equilibria can be calculated, corresponding to four different values of the (ecliptic) obliquity. The present situation of Mercury corresponds to one of them, which is proved to be stable. We introduce action-angle variables in the neighborhood of this stable equilibrium, by several successive canonical transformations, so to get two constant frequencies, the first one for the free spin-orbit libration, the other one for the 1:1 resonant precession of both nodes (orbital and rotational) on the ecliptic plane. The numerical values obtained by this simplified model are in perfect agreement with those obtained by Rambaux and Bois [Astron. Astrophys. 413, 381–393]. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Resonance and Capture of Jupiter Comets

A number of Jupiter family comets such as Otermaand Gehrels 3make a rapid transition from heliocentric orbits outside the orbit of Jupiter to heliocentric orbits inside the orbit of Jupiter and vice versa. During this transition, the comet can be captured temporarily by Jupiter for one to several orbits around Jupiter. The interior heliocentric orbit is typically close to the 3:2 resonance while the exterior heliocentric orbit is near the 2:3 resonance. An important feature of the dynamics of these comets is that during the transition, the orbit passes close to the libration points L ₁and L ₂, two of the equilibrium points for the restricted three-body problem for the Sun-Jupiter system. Studying the libration point invariant manifold structures for L ₁and L ₂is a starting point for understanding the capture and resonance transition of these comets. For example, the recently discovered heteroclinic connection between pairs of unstable periodic orbits (one around the L ₁and the other around L ₂) implies a complicated dynamics for comets in a certain energy range. Furthermore, the stable and unstable invariant manifold tubes associated to libration point periodic orbits, of which the heteroclinic connections are a part, are phase space conduits transporting material to and from Jupiter and between the interior and exterior of Jupiter's orbit.     

应用瑞雷波等方法对公路质量进行无损检测

针对水泥混凝土公路质量检测的内容和目前常规检验方法的不足,本文叙述了采用瑞雷波法、超声波法和音频共振法的结合,测试路基路面强度和路面厚度的基本原理,并对几个工程测试实例进行了分析。     

地基-非线性结构相互作用体系的 超谐和亚谐振动

本文对上部结构的以线型恢复力进行最小二乘法拟合，得到类似于Duffing振子的恢复力曲线模型，地基上简化为集中参数模型，运用多尺度法研究地基－结构相互作用体系在强激励下当频率接近结构的三分之一固有频率（超谐共振），三倍固有频率（亚谐共振）时的非线性动力行为，并通过算例得到了异频振动时一些有益的结论。     

石灰中V^2＋离子的自旋—晶格耦合系数的理论计算

根据一种统一而简单的计算立方晶体中自旋-晶格耦合系数G_(11)和G_(44)的方法,笔者由d~3离子在四角和三角场中的零场劈裂的高阶微扰公式计算了二价钒离子在石灰中的自旋-晶格耦合系数G_(11)并预言了G_(44)。G_(11)的计算结果和实验值较好地符合,G_(44)的预测值则有待实验检验。     

太阳活动11年周期对气候系统中准两年振荡的影响(英)

用一个有外强迫的、简单的动力系统研究气候系统中的准两年振荡(平均周期长度比两年稍长或稍短的准周期振荡)。结果显示,准两年周期性源于该系统对于受11年周期调制的季节强迫的非线性响应。当系统的非线性固定时,准两年震荡的周期长度和振幅随季节变化的强度和太阳活动11年周期变化的强度而变化。这可能是造成气候中准两年震荡的性质有时空变化的原因之一。     

Causes of the Unusual Coastal Flooding Generated by Typhoon Winnie on the West Coast of Korea

On 19 August 1997 Typhoon Winnie brought unusually strong and extensive coastal flooding from storm surges to the west coast of Korea, which was farenough from the typhoon's center to lack significant local wind and pressure forcing.Sea levels at some tidal stations broke 36-year records and resulted in property damages of $18,000,000. This study investigated the causes of the unusual high sea levels by using an Astronomical-Meteorological Index (AMI) and a coupled ocean wave-circulation model developed by the present authors. The AMI analysis and the numerical simulation of the surge event showed that the major cause of the high sea levels was not the standard inverse barometric effect supplemented by water piling up along the coast by the wind field of the typhoon as is usual for a typical storm surge, but rather an enhanced tidal forcing from the perigean spring tide and water transported into the Yellow Sea by the currents generated by the typhoon. The numerical results also indicated that the transported water accounted for about 50% of the increased sea levels. Another cause for the coastal flooding was the resonance coupling of the Yellow Sea (with a natural normal mode period of 37.8 h) and the predominant period of the surge (36.5 h).     

Ocean-Acoustic Solitary Wave Studies and Predictions

Shallow water internal solitary waves have become a major topic ofinterest to oceanographers and acousticians. In this paper we reviewthe cross-disciplinary status of joint ocean-acoustic solitary wavestudies and predictions. We consider the process of acoustical modecoupling in the presence of solitary waves and the correspondingacoustical intensity loss due to increased coupling with the bottom. Astudy of the interaction of an acoustical field with a train ofsolitary waves is undertaken at a range of frequencies. At a resonantfrequency the acoustic field can interact with the solitary wavepacket which results in mode conversions (acoustic energy isredistributed among the modes, often from lower-order to higher-ordermodes). Higher signal losses can occur in the higher order modesthrough increased bottom attenuation and result in an anomalousacoustical intensity loss at the resonant frequency.We present some new results of joint ocean-acoustic research, from adedicated study in the Strait of Messina, where solitary waves aregenerated by semidiurnal tidal flow over topographic variations. TheUniversity of Hamburg weakly nonhydrostatic two layer model is used forsimulating the generation and propagation of solitary waves. In particular, the physicalstates encountered during an October 1995 cruise in the Strait of Messina (betweenItaly and Sicily) are simulated. Various parameter space sensitivity studies, about theexisting cruise conditions, are performed. The modelled solitary wave trains arecompared against conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD) chain measurements interms of amplitudes, wavelengths, phase speeds and correlations with data. Predictedand observed sound speeds are used in acoustical intensity calculations thatare conducted with a parabolic equation (PE) model. The differences in theresultant acoustical intensity fields provide a guide for the tuning of theoceanographic model parameters. The tuned oceanographic model showsagreement with data for the first and second solitary waves in terms ofamplitude, wavelength and phase speed. The calculated available potentialenergy from the simulation results is in the range of the data analogue.