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121.
以哈尔滨市为例,基于Landsat数据,利用遥感技术和GIS技术对2000和2015年的遥感影像数据进行解译分类,通过对分类结果的统计分析,定量研究哈尔滨市15年间的土地利用变化过程,结果显示:哈尔滨市土地综合利用程度较高,区域内耕地面积减少;相反,城市建成区面积大幅增加,区域内绿地面积逐年减少,应注意生态环境维护保持。 相似文献
122.
123.
通过对1978年、1998年和2010年3期遥感影像目视解译获得3期土地利用数据,分析清水河流域1978-2010年土地利用变化时空特征。研究表明:清水河流域1978-2010年期间,农用地、难利用地面积持续减少,林地、建设用地面积持续增加,草地面积先有所减少后增多,除林地以外其它土地类型变化幅度后期都较前期大;流域土地利用转移方向主要是农用地转为低、中、高覆盖度草地、林地和建设用地,中覆盖度草地转为低、高覆盖度草地和林地,低覆盖度草地转为中、高覆盖度草地、林地。结果表明,近年来清水河流域水土保持措施效果明显。 相似文献
124.
Land surface temperature (LST) is an important aspect in global to regional change studies, for control of climate change and balancing of high temperature. Urbanization is one of the influencing factors increasing land surface and atmospheric temperature, by the emission of greenhouse gases (e.g. CO2, NO and methane). In the present study, LST was derived from Landsat-8 of multitemporal data sets to analyse the spatial structure of the urban thermal environment in relation to the urban surface characteristics and land use–land cover (LULC). LST is influenced by the greenhouse gases i.e. CO2 plays an important role in increasing the earth’s surface temperature. In order to provide the evidence of influence of CO2 on LST, the relationship between LST, air temperature and CO2 was analysed. Landsat-8 satellite has two thermal bands, 10 and 11. These bands were used to accurately to calculate the temperature over the study area. Results showed that the strength of correlation between ground monitoring data and satellite data was high. Based on correlation values of each month April (R2 = 0.994), May (R2 = 0.297) and June (R2 = 0.934), observed results show that band 10 was significantly correlating with air temperature. Relationship between LST and CO2 levels were obtained from linear regression analysis. band 11 was correlating significantly with CO2 values in each of the months April (R2 = 0.217), May (R2 = 0.914) and June, (R2 = 0.934), because band 11 is closer to the 15-micron band of CO2. From the results, it was observed that band 10 can be used for calculating air temperature and band 11 can be used for estimation of greenhouse gases. 相似文献
125.
An open source GIS‐based Planning Support System: Application to the land use plan of La Troncal,Ecuador
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Inés Santé Natalia Pacurucu Marcos Boullón Andrés Manuel García David Miranda 《Transactions in GIS》2016,20(6):976-990
Planning Support Systems (PSS) comprise a wide variety of geo‐technological tools related to GIS and spatial modeling aimed at addressing land planning processes. This article describes the OpenRules system, a PSS based on a previous system called RULES. Among OpenRules new features are its architecture, based exclusively on free and open source software, and its applicability to all land use types, including rural and urban uses. In addition, OpenRules incorporates an unlimited number of land evaluation factors and a new objective in land use spatial allocation. OpenRules has been programmed in Java and implemented as a module of the free GIS software gvSIG, with full integration between the GIS and the decision support tools. Decision support tools include multicriteria evaluation, multiobjective linear programming and heuristic techniques, which support three basic stages of land use planning processes, namely land suitability evaluation, land use area optimization and land use spatial allocation. The application of OpenRules to the region of La Troncal, Ecuador, demonstrates its capability to generate alternative and coherent solutions through a scientific and justified procedure at low cost in terms of time and resources. 相似文献
126.
受中国地质科学院地质研究所的委托,安徽省地质矿产勘查局313地质队承担《华东庐枞盆地科学钻探选址预研究》3000m科学钻探工程任务,该钻孔为大陆科学钻探选址预研究项目中6个钻孔之一,主要目的是通过钻探揭示和验证与成矿有关的岩体、基底、盖层的空间分布,建立地壳结构模型和异常解释的标尺,为大陆万米钻探提供选址依据。本文主要介绍了在施工过程中的钻头选用情况,仅供同行参考。 相似文献
127.
Anthropogenic factors and habitat complexity influence biodiversity but wave exposure drives species turnover of a subtropical rocky inter‐tidal metacommunity
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Coastal ecosystems are complex and species rich, but are vulnerable to degradation from a variety of anthropogenic activities. Nevertheless, information on inter‐tidal community composition in the Caribbean Basin and at other oceanic sites is lacking. Such information is essential to developing a more comprehensive understanding of rocky inter‐tidal systems and their responses to global change. The goals of this study were to determine the relative importance of environmental (wave power density, wave height), habitat (e.g. algal cover, slope, complexity of rock surfaces) and anthropogenic (distance to roads, population density) factors associated with the structure of local assemblages at multiple shore heights and the regional metacommunity of mobile invertebrates on oceanic rocky inter‐tidal habitats. Environmental characteristics associated with habitat complexity (algal cover, rock surface complexity) and human population density were most strongly associated with abundance and biodiversity of invertebrates. Species richness was positively correlated with surface complexity, but abundance was negatively correlated with both surface complexity and per cent algal cover. By contrast, abundance of invertebrates was positively correlated with human population density, and diversity was negatively correlated with human population density. Abundance of invertebrates was greatest in the mid inter‐tidal zone, whereas diversity was greatest in the lower inter‐tidal zone. Metacommunity structure was Gleasonian, but the gradient along which species turnover occurred was correlated with measures of wave exposure, rather than anthropogenic activity. Unlike in previous studies, mostly at mainland sites, human activity primarily altered dominance patterns of communities, while having relatively little effect on species richness or composition. 相似文献
128.
Kevin Stanley L. Kurt Kreuger Priyasree Bhowmik Narjes Shojaati Alexa Elliott 《International journal of geographical information science》2016,30(9):1853-1872
ABSTRACTIn the past decade society has entered a technological period characterized by handheld computing that supports input and processing from numerous sensors. Today’s mobile phones offer the ability to integrate input from sensors monitoring various external and internal sources (e.g., accelerometer, magnetometer, microphone, GPS, wireless Internet, and Bluetooth). Furthermore, these raw inputs can be integrated and processed in ways that can offer novel representations of human behaviour. As a result, new opportunities to examine and better understand human spatial behaviour are available; one such application is the constant monitoring of a group of people over an extended period of time. Such a research setting lends itself to natural experiments that emerge as a result of regular and on-going observations. We report here on the observation of a natural experiment that took place in the context of a month-long monitoring study of 28 participants using mobile phone-based ubiquitous sensor monitoring. The implications for public health and transportation planning are discussed. 相似文献
129.
徐昊 《国土资源导刊(湖南)》2016,(4):68-73
通过对湖南省衡南县川口乡杨林坳钨矿尾矿库尾砂的勘查、试验分析、前期综合利用科研工作情况介绍,分析了今后综合回收尾矿中有价金属、非金属及充分消耗尾砂的工艺思路,以达到充分利用、消耗尾砂,提高循环经济利用率,大大降低尾砂对环境污染和尾矿库存在的隐患。 相似文献
130.