Characterization of a new lectin involved in the protoplast regeneration of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Bryopsis hypnoides</Emphasis>

A group of coenocytic marine algae differs from higher plants,whose totipotency depends on an intact cell(or protoplast).Instead,this alga is able to aggregate its extruded protoplasm in sea water and generate new mature individuals.It is thought that lectins play a key role in the aggregation process.We purified a lectin associated with the aggregation of cell organelles in Bryopsis hypnoides.The lectin was ca.27 kDa with a pI between pH 5 and pH 6.The absence of carbohydrate suggested that the lectin was ...     

Initiation of primary cell culture from amphioxus <Emphasis Type="Italic">Branchiostoma belcheri tsingtauense</Emphasis>

Amphioxus, a cephalochordate, is an important model fish for studies in evolution and comparative biology. A successful cell culture from amphioxus tissues in vitro would help understanding some basic issues. To determine the optimal culture conditions for proliferation of amphioxus cells, primary cultures were initiated from buccal cirri, tail, gill, gut and metapleural fold of amphioxus Branchiostoma belcheri tsingtauense. The media tested were L-15, F-12, M 199, MEM, DMEM, PRMI 1640 and LDF, each was supplemented with 20% fetal bovine serum. The optimal conditions include tail tissue cultured in L-15 or F-12 with supplement of 20% FBS and 1.5% NaCl at about 25°C. Supported by Doctoral Initial Fund of Ludong University (No.43304)     

凡纳滨对虾性别分化的初步研究

通过组织学连续切片与扫描电镜观察,研究凡纳滨对虾的性别分化。结果显示:凡纳滨对虾外部形态的性别分化最早发生在仔虾后第37天,此时在扫描电镜下可观察到雄性附肢的芽基,仔虾后第45天,光镜下可观察到交接器;仔虾后第24天出现原始生殖细胞(PGCS),位于背大动脉的两侧及围心腔膜的腹面,细胞个体及细胞核明显比周围的细胞大,具有强嗜碱性,细胞核圆形或椭圆形,核内染色质清晰可见,随着生殖腺的发育,在第43天出现生殖管,第55天生殖腺可区分为精巢和卵巢。     

斜带髭鲷后肠、头肾和脾脏中肥大细胞超微结构观察

应用电镜技术研究了斜带髭鲷的后肠、头肾及脾脏中肥大细胞的超微结构。结果显示:在所研究的器官组织中均发现有肥大细胞,但以后肠和头肾分布较多;这些肥大细胞的表面具有胞质突起或表面折叠。根据其特征性胞浆颗粒所含特殊亚结构的不同,可初步认为斜带髭鲷肥大细胞可能存在Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型两种亚型。Ⅰ型肥大细胞主要分布于后肠粘膜固有层、粘膜下层和头肾的结缔组织中,其特征性胞浆颗粒具有微粒样特殊亚结构;Ⅱ型肥大细胞仅分布于头肾和脾脏的结缔组织中,其特征性胞浆颗粒则具有漩涡样、线团样、蜂巢样、细粒状、无定形和混合型等多种晶格状特殊亚结构。同时,这两种亚型肥大细胞均存在脱颗粒现象。由观察结果可知,斜带髭鲷后肠、头肾及脾脏中存在大量的肥大细胞,并且其特征性胞浆颗粒具有精细的特殊亚结构。     

上海洋山建港后港域夏季水文泥沙状况分析

对2007年9月17-26日在上海洋山港海域固定观测点(平均水深13 m)观测得到的水文泥沙要素,以及悬沙和底质样品分析.分析结果为:1)港域有效波高0.21-1.37 m(风速0.6～14.0 m/s),平均0.61 m(平均风速5.5 m/s).平静天气(平均风速小于5.0 m/s)下,波高随水深变化,两者的相关系数为0.899;而在强风天气下,波高受风况控制.2)最大表层流速超过2.00 m/s.大潮涨潮流占优势,小潮时落潮流占优势;与北岛链汉道封堵前相比,大潮涨、落潮平均流速分别减小15%和30%,小潮涨、落潮平均流速均减小30%～40%.各层余流均为西北方向,与涨潮流方向一致;垂向平均余流速0.11 cm/s,表层达0.25 m/s.3)离底高程1.35 m层和0.35m层最大悬沙浓度均大于3 kg/m3,两层平均悬沙浓度分别为0.89和0.95 kg/m3.无论大潮还是小潮涨潮悬沙浓度均大于落潮,这种现象在大潮时更为显著,潮周期中最大悬沙浓度出现在涨急.与工程前相比悬沙浓度明显降低,大、小潮降低均达20%.4)港区底质平均粒径9.0μm,工程后有变细的趋势.     

北黄海典型水域春夏季浮游植物的昼夜变化

根据黄海西北部2006年夏季3个连续站和2007年春季1个连续站垂直分层拖网的调查资料,研究了黄海西北部典型海区浮游植物的昼夜垂直变化.夏季共检出浮游植物79种,主要优势种为旋链角毛藻Chaetoceros curvisetus、梭角藻Ceratium fusus、三角角藻Ceratium tripos和具槽帕拉藻Paralia sulcata;春季检出51种,主要优势种为浮动弯角藻Eucampia zodiacus、具槽帕拉藻和尖刺伪菱形藻Pseudo-nitzschia pungens.夏季L01站受潮汐的影响各水层低潮期浮游植物细胞丰度高于高潮期,垂直分布趋势为表层细胞丰度最高,底层最低.而由于底栖硅藻的细胞再悬浮作用夏季L02、L03站和春季L02站底层细胞丰度高于表层,但各水层细胞丰度的昼夜变化相对较平缓.     

大黄鱼头肾免疫细胞研究

对大黄鱼（Pseudosciaena,crocea）头肾印迹片、光镜片和电镜片进行观察。结果表明,大黄鱼头肾包括淋巴细胞聚集区和颗粒细胞聚集区,但无肾小球结构。头肾免疫细胞丰富,包括淋巴细胞、颗粒细胞（Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型）、单核细胞和巨噬细胞,分别占57．94％、36．43％、5．63％,表明头肾是大黄鱼免疫细胞的生发中心,在免疫防御系统中具重要作用。     

钢筋混凝土结构电渗阻锈技术研究

通过测量电渗阻锈过程中阻锈剂渗入量、脱盐率以及钢筋极化电阻,研究了混凝土技术参数和电渗电量对电渗阻锈效果的影响.试验结果表明,电渗阻锈技术能在脱除盐污染混凝土中氯离子的同时,将有效阻锈基团快速迁移到钢筋表面,使已腐蚀的钢筋快速恢复钝化而达到防腐的目的.     

Effect of Fly Ash on Frost-Resistance and Chloride Ions Diffusion Properties of Marine Concrete

It is necessary to pay more attention to the durability of concrete undergoing freeze-thaw cycles and seawater attack simultaneously.Investigated are the effects of water-binder ratio,fly ash (FA) contents and air-entraining agent on resistance to frost and chloride diffusion of marine concrete blended with FA in natural seawater.The results show that fly ash does not improve the frost resistance of concrete but can improve its resistance to chloride diffusion by addition of less than 30%.The resistance to frost and chloride diffusion of FA concrete can be improved with the decrease of water-binder ratio,and FA may improve both of them simultaneously only being mixed with air-entraining agent.A ratio (named as R) of the frost-resisting durability factor to chloride diffusion coefficient can be used to evaluate the durability of marine concrete.Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analyses are consistent with the evaluations by the value of R.     

颗石藻Pleurochrysis carterae形成休眠体的环境诱因分析

利用实验生理生态学方法对Pleurochrysis carterae种群增殖过程中出现丝状体的环境诱因进行了研究,从营养胁迫、钙化抑制胁迫、低温胁迫以及外源α-酮戊二酸的影响等几个方面,探讨了环境因子对P.carterae细胞休眠的诱导作用。结果表明,氮营养盐水平在P.carterae形成丝状体过程中有重要的作用,氮缺乏和氮限制会明显诱导丝状体的早期大量形成,即细胞快速进入休眠期。磷缺乏和磷限制对颗石藻丝状体形成的短期诱导作用不显著。正常钙化的颗石藻在缺钙环境中钙壳逐渐脱落、细胞裸露、没有种群增殖、不形成丝状体。低温胁迫下,颗石藻细胞不分裂,但细胞维持游泳的钙化单细胞状态,不形成丝状体。外源α-酮戊二酸对颗石藻形成丝状体具有浓度相关的效应,小于1.2mmol/L的浓度抑制丝状体的早期发生;1.2mmol/L及以上浓度的α-酮戊二酸能诱导丝状体早期发生。