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51.
图像处理技术在地质灾害监测中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
三维激光微位移监测技术是一种对地质灾害进行长期监测的新方法。该技术用激光作为光源,用CCD摄像器作为镜头,通过图象采集卡把视频信号采入计算机中,用与该仪器配套的专门软件对采集到的光斑图像进行处理,计算出光斑的三维中心坐标值,把该值和原点坐标值进行比较,就可以算出灾害体滑动的距离。该系统可以对灾害体进行长期、非接触监测,监测时间、监测频率可以任意设定。文章概括介绍该监测的原理,各个组成部分,重点介绍软件部分,即采集的视频信号进入计算机后的图像处理过程和数据库结构。该监测系统已在三块地区试运行了3个月,效果较好。 相似文献
52.
抚顺市地质灾害监测系统,由5方面工作内容组成:(1)建立统一可靠的城市高程起算基准;(2)扩展现有的沉降监测网,使分散的监测点联合形成全面、统一的监测网;(3)对浑河断裂带主断层实施监测;(4)对西露天采坑北坡滑坡重点区和采煤沉陷重点区实施水平位移监测;(5)利用计算机技术和地理信息系统(GIS)技术,建立抚顺市地质灾害信患系统。该系统是城市地质灾害防治的基础工程。系统应用了先进的监测手段及数据处理技术。文章介绍了系统的设计方案。 相似文献
53.
上杭县铜矿沟和萝卜岭矿段组成一个斑岩型铜矿床.萝卜岭矿段位于花岗闪长斑岩北东端的前峰部位,铜矿沟则是其往南西深部的延伸,通过对铜矿沟—箩卜岭斑岩型铜矿床地质特征的研究,认为铜矿沟斑岩型铜矿埋藏总体较浅、品位较低、厚度稳定且较厚,对于指导该区寻找浅部斑岩型铜矿具有重要的意义。 相似文献
54.
Mapgis在地质学中的应用 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
简要讨论了Mapgis的主要功能,重点阐述了Mapgis的地质制图技术、空间分析技术以及二次开发能力在地质学领域中的应用,并举例论述之。Mapgis的地质制图技术将纷繁复杂的传统地质制图过程简化,而且美观精确;空间分析技术可以将矢量数据和栅格数据综合制作出各种图形和图象文件,方便分析;地质工作者也可以运用Mapgis的二次开发能力来开发面向特定领域的系统。 相似文献
55.
56.
Zhao Jinren Zhang Xiankang Zhang Chengke Ren Qingfang Cheng Shuangxi Zhang Jianshi Nie Wenying PAN Shuzhen 《中国地震研究》2003,17(2):103-112
The data from two deep seismic sounding profiles was processed and studied comprehensively. The results show that crnst-mantle structures in the investigated region obviously display layered characteristics and velocity structures and tectonic features have larger distinction in different geological structure blocks. The boundary interface C between the upper and lower crust and Moho fluctuate greatly. The shallowest depths of C (30.0km) and Moho (45.5km) under Jiashi deepen sharply from Jiashi to the western Kunlun mountain areas, where the depths of C and Moho are 44.0km and 70.0km, respectively. The higher velocity structures in the Tarim massif determine its relatively “stable“ characteristics in crust tectonics. The phenomenon in the Jiashi region, where the distribution of earthquake foci mostly range from 20kin to 40kin in depth, may infer that the local uplift of C and Moho interface, anomalonsly lower velocity bodies and deep large faults control earthquake occurrence and seismogenic processes in the Jiashi strong earthquake swarm. 相似文献
57.
Results of a detailed statistical study of constant relative strength inelastic displacement ratios to estimate maximum lateral inelastic displacement demands on existing structures from maximum lateral elastic displacement demands are presented. These ratios were computed for single‐degree‐of‐freedom systems with different levels of lateral strength normalized to the strength required to remain elastic when subjected to a relatively large ensemble of recorded earthquake ground motions. Three groups of soil conditions with shear wave velocities higher than 180m/s are considered. The influence of period of vibration, level of lateral yielding strength, site conditions, earthquake magnitude, distance to the source, and strain‐hardening ratio are evaluated and discussed. Mean inelastic displacement ratios and those associated with various percentiles are presented. A special emphasis is given to the dispersion of these ratios. It is concluded that distance to the source has a negligible influence on constant relative strength inelastic displacement ratios. However, for periods smaller than 1s earthquake magnitude and soil conditions have a moderate influence on these ratios. Strain hardening decreases maximum inelastic displacement at a fairly constant rate depending on the level of relative strength for periods of vibration longer than about 1.0s while it decreases maximum inelastic displacement non‐linearly as the period of vibration shortens and as the relative‐strength ratio increases for periods of vibration shorter than 1.0s. Finally, results from non‐linear regression analyses are presented that provide a simplified expression to be used to approximate mean inelastic displacement ratios during the evaluation of existing structures built on firm sites. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
58.
A method, based on the Hilbert–Huang spectral analysis, has been proposed by the authors to identify linear structures in which normal modes exist (i.e., real eigenvalues and eigenvectors). Frequently, all the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of linear structures are complex. In this paper, the method is extended further to identify general linear structures with complex modes using the free vibration response data polluted by noise. Measured response signals are first decomposed into modal responses using the method of Empirical Mode Decomposition with intermittency criteria. Each modal response contains the contribution of a complex conjugate pair of modes with a unique frequency and a damping ratio. Then, each modal response is decomposed in the frequency–time domain to yield instantaneous phase angle and amplitude using the Hilbert transform. Based on a single measurement of the impulse response time history at one appropriate location, the complex eigenvalues of the linear structure can be identified using a simple analysis procedure. When the response time histories are measured at all locations, the proposed methodology is capable of identifying the complex mode shapes as well as the mass, damping and stiffness matrices of the structure. The effectiveness and accuracy of the method presented are illustrated through numerical simulations. It is demonstrated that dynamic characteristics of linear structures with complex modes can be identified effectively using the proposed method. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
59.
60.
全国地质灾害趋势预测及预测图编制 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
区域地质灾害预测是地质灾害研究的难题。本文运用基于地理信息系统的风险评价方法对这一问题进行了探讨。将全国剖分为2700个单元,对地质灾害进行现状评价,并与已数字化的地质灾害图件进行单要素叠加,编制了全国地质现状等值线图,在现状评价基础上,对地质灾害进行趋势预测,将降雨条件、区域地震活动、区域地壳稳定程度、区域岩组条件和人类工程活动等作为区域地质灾害演变的因素,运用模糊综合评判模型进行综合评判,编制了1:600万中国地质灾害趋势预测图。 相似文献