滇东曲靖地区志留纪四射珊瑚的动物群特征及地层时代讨论

本文着重从四射珊瑚动物群的角度讨论了滇东曲靖地区志留系的地层划分及对比问题。并提出曲靖地区的中、晚志留世具有4个珊瑚化石组合。对部分四射珊瑚属种（其中包括9个新种,4个相似种和一个未定属种）进行了描述。     

颗石藻与海洋、环境关系之探讨

笔者在20年的研究中相继发现,自中元古代和古生代以来海相钙质超微浮游生物－颗石藻的新属种达180余种,通过对颗石藻在海洋中分布状态与固碳特征的研究,证明颗石藻乃是海洋中重要的基础生产者,它和海洋碳酸盐及相关生物存在着密切的关系,其能借助光合作用,吸收海水中的CO2,而释放出氧气．对减少全球温室效应与保护地球生态环境平衡,有相当重要的贡献。     

中国特有的永瓣藤属植物区系地理性质与特征

永瓣藤是卫矛科的单型属(Monimop etalum Chinese Rehd),为中国特有的珍稀濒危植物,分布于北纬28°30'～30°10'和东经114°30'～118°10'的长江中下游南岸地区。文中研究了永瓣藤的自然地理环境与群落特征,分布区的历史和分布格局的现状,探讨了它起源的时间、地区及区系地理性质。研究结果表明:(1)永瓣藤适应于温暖湿润和偏酸性(pH5.5～6.5)土壤的地理环境;它是群落的伴生成分,其分布受到杉木、马尾松、毛竹、赤杨叶等优势成分的影响。(2)其分布区的地史演变大概为:连续分布(新第三纪)→间断分布(第四纪及以后)→星散分布(现状).通山县的残存为湖北省植物区系地理分布新记录属(种).(3)它分布于我国东部中亚热带向北亚热带过渡区域,是一个具亚热带性质的华东特有属。(4)其起源地可能是扬子古陆的九岭-怀玉联合地体;起源时间大约在新第三纪中新世(或更晚),是被子植物一个起源比较年轻的属,并不是起源古老的地理成分。     

New beaded lacewings (Neuroptera: Berothidae) from Upper Cretaceous Myanmar amber

Two new genera with two new species in Berothidae, Maculaberotha nervosa gen. et sp. nov. and Magniberotha recurrens gen. et sp. nov., are described from Upper Cretaceous Myanmar (Burmese) amber. Based on the new specimens of the same species, we propose some venational characters as intraspecific variations, e.g., the markings on the wings and crossveins in the radial sector. We also study and compare the female genital sclerites from three genera of Haploberotha, Dasyberotha, and Jersiberotha to highlight the importance of using these characters preserved in amber for taxonomic and phylogenetic studies. Furthermore, an updated key to the berothid genera of Myanmar amber is provided.     

A new family of scorpionflies (Insecta; Mecoptera) from the Lower Cretaceous of England

Seven specimens of fossil scorpionflies (Mecoptera) not assignable to any known family were discovered in the Wealden Supergroup (Lower Cretaceous) of southern England. They were found at Rudgwick Brickworks, West Sussex and Smokejacks Brickworks, Surrey and came from the Upper Weald Clay Formation, dated as Barremian (∼129.4–125 Ma). A new family – Englathaumatidae fam. nov., new genus – Englathauma gen. nov. and two new species E. crabbi sp. nov. and E. mellishae sp. nov. are described. A discussion of systematic position of these new taxa within the order Mecoptera is given. Englathaumatidae fam. nov. has been a nomen nudum since the year 2002, due to the first author's untimely death.     

巨蛎属牡蛎DNA序列的比较及鉴定

【目的】了解巨砺属牡蛎的系统关系和种类区分。【方法】对我国沿海分布的7种巨砺属牡蛎(香港牡蛎、有明牡蛎、熊本牡蛎、岩牡蛎、艾氏牡蛎、太平洋牡蛎、葡萄牙牡蛎)的线粒体DNA片段(COI、12S、16S和tRNAs),以及核糖体RNA基因转录间隔子序列(ITS-1、ITS-2和ITS)进行分子系统学研究。【结果】无论种间或种内,tRNAs序列差异最大,亚种内TS1序列差异最大;tRNAs和COI序列较其它序列变异更快,种间变异与种内变异之间有明显的条形码间隙;12S、16S、ITS和ITS2的种间变异与种内变异无重叠及条形码间隙;ITS1的种间变异与种内变异出现重叠。在亚种层面,12S、ITS、ITS1和ITS2的亚种间变异与亚种内变异出现重叠;16S的亚种间变异与亚种内变异无重叠及条形码间隙;tRNAs与COI序列亚种间变异与亚种内变异之间有明显的条形码间隙,有利于区分亚种。【结论】tRNAs和COI序列可用于种及亚种的鉴定。     

New Genus of the Subfamily Geotrupinae (Coleoptera:Scarabaeoidea:Geotrupindae) from the Jehol Biota

<正>Parageotrupes incanus gen.et sp.nov.(Scarabaeoidea:Geotrupidae:Geotrupinae)is described and illustrated from the Yixian Formation of western Liaoning province,China.     

New Genus of the Subfamily Geotrupinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea: Geotrupindae) from the Jehol Biota

Parageotrupes incanus gen. et sp. nov. (Scarabaeoidea: Geotrupidae: Geotrupinae) is described and illustrated from the Yixian Formation of western Liaoning province, China.     

山东惠民凹陷东营组尾花介科化石的发现及其意义

在山东惠民凹陷渐新统东营组二段发现了浪花介超科尾花介科Recticytherura ualisicosta gen.et sp.nov.－－U形脊直尾花介（新属、新种），化石产于该段近底部含生物砂质灰岩中。这是本区乃至渤海湾盆地下第三系尾花介科化石的首次发现。对该新属、新种进行了描述并据铰合构造、尾突、放射毛细管及壳壁构造等特征判断其为海相介形类。与之共生的介形类的组合特征、壳壁的元素组成特征及围岩的碳、氧同位素特征反映了微咸－半咸水的沉积环境，并由古湖泊的扩张和古气候分析认为东营组二段沉积期在惠民凹陷发生了一次短暂海泛。     

RHOPORHYNCHUS LINI N.G.N.SP.(BUCEPHALIDAE: BUCEPHALINAE) FROM THE SWIM BLADDER OF YELLOW CATFISH, PSEUDOBAGRUS FULVIDRACO

INTRODUCTIONThesPeciesofthebolyBucephalidaePoche,l9o7inChinawasfirstreportedbyTseng(l93o).Sincethen,72sPeciesbelongingto17generahavebeende.ribed1).Duringtheperiodfrom1992to1995,allbucephalidspecimensdepositedinthelnstituteofHydrObiologyoftheChineseAcademyofScienceswereexaminedbythepresentau-thors.Fourspecimenscollectedfromyellowcatfish,PsewhbguMtheatJiujiangTmofNanhaiCounty,GuangdongProvinceinChinahyDr.MuenLininl956werefoundtobeunidentified.CarefulobservationsoflhesPecimensindic…