2-D Numerical Simulation of Natural Gas Hydrate Decomposition Through Depressurization by Fully Implicit Method

Natural gas hydrate, as a potential energy resource, deposits in permafrost and marine sediment with large quantities. The current exploitation methods include depressurization, thermal stimulation, and inhibitor injection. However, many issues have to be resolved before the commercial production. In the present study, a 2-D axisymmetric simulator for gas production from hydrate reservoirs is developed. The simulator includes equations of conductive and convective heat transfer, kinetic of hydrate decomposition, and multiphase flow. These equations are discretized based on the finite difference method and are solved with the fully implicit simultaneous solution method. The process of laboratory-scale hydrate decomposition by depressurization is simulated. For different surrounding temperatures and outlet pressures, time evolutions of gas and water generations during hydrate dissociation are evaluated, and variations of temperature, pressure, and multiphase fluid flow conditions are analyzed. The results suggest that the rate of heat transfer plays an important role in the process. Furthermore, high surrounding temperature and low outlet valve pressure may increase the rate of hydrate dissociation with insignificant impact on final cumulative gas volume.     

船舶减纵摇方法研究

针对现有减小船舶纵摇的方法和装置进行总结和分析,并在此基础之上详细介绍一种新型十字型的被动式抗纵摇舵.通过对比分析,抗纵摇舵对于船舶具有明显地减小纵摇的减摇效果.     

基于Radon变换的星载SAR图像窄V尾迹检测

在Radon变换的基础上,提出了一种在Radon变换域附加检测规则对星载SAR图像中窄V尾迹进行检测的方法。附加的规则由去除短线规则和去除孤立点规则组成,将该方法应用于星载SAR图像中不同表现形式下的窄V尾迹,实验表明,该方法具有一定的普遍适用性。     

Investigation of Hydroelastic Ship Responses of An ULOC in Head Seas

Investigation of hydroelastic ship responses has been brought to the attention of the scientific and engineering world for several decades. There are two kinds of high-frequency vibrations in general ship responses to a large ocean-going ship in its shipping line, so-called springing and whipping, which are important for the determination of design wave load and fatigue damage as well. Because of the huge scale of an ultra large ore carrier (ULOC), it will suffer seldom slamming events in the ocean. The resonance vibration with high frequency is springing, which is caused by continuous wave excitation. In this paper, the wave-induced vibrations of the ULOC are addressed by experimental and numerical methods according to 2D and 3D hydroelasticity theories and an elastic model under full-load and ballast conditions. The influence of loading conditions on high-frequency vibration is studied both by numerical and experimental results. Wave-induced vibrations are higher under ballast condition including the wave frequency part, the multiple frequencies part, the 2-node and the 3-node vertical bending parts of the hydroelastic responses. The predicted results from the 2D method have less accuracy than the 3D method especially under ballast condition because of the slender-body assumption in the former method. The applicability of the 2D method and the further development of nonlinear effects to 3D method in the prediction of hydroelastic responses of the ULOC are discussed.     

一个二维数值波浪水槽的改进

对Drimer,Agnon及Segre研发的数值波浪水槽(简称DAS),首先通过修正DAS中某些积分计算的错误,建立了第一个修正模型(MDAS1),使得模型更加准确稳定。其次,将DAS模型自由表面线性元近似替换为更为合理准确的三阶元近似,建立了第二个修正模型(MDAS2),使得模型计算的波面更合理可靠。平底水槽中波群的生成及传播算例表明:与DAS结果相比,MDAS1对波面没有显著影响,而采用三阶元的MDAS2对波面有显著影响。与Hansen和Svendsen的实测资料相比较证实了两个修正模型的有效性。     

一种顾及时间特征的船舶轨迹DBSCAN聚类算法

随着世界海洋经济的快速增长和各国海洋贸易的持续发展,船舶A IS系统被世界各国广泛采用,由此产生海量的船舶轨迹数据.如何对这些多维、动态的数据进行挖掘和利用,成为当前时空数据挖掘领域的研究热点之一.文中在经典DBSCAN空间聚类算法的基础上,对船舶轨迹数据进行清洗、压缩等预处理,并将其划分为特征点相连的子轨迹段,然后引...     

影响龙泉矿井采煤方法的地质因素分析

太原煤炭气化集团有限责任公司龙泉矿井是新建的大型现代化矿井，依据该矿井大部分钻孔揭露的煤层厚度大于6．0m．在综合分析该矿井开采深度，煤层厚度、煤层结构、夹矸层数及其硬度和厚度、煤层顶板岩性及其厚度、煤岩体裂隙发育程度等地质因素基础上，考虑瓦斯聚积程度及煤尘量等影响因素，对长壁综采分层开采法、综采一次采全高采煤法和长壁综采放顶煤采煤法三个采煤方案进行优选，最终选定该矿采用长壁综采放顶煤采煤方法，依靠地压破煤及自重放煤．提高厚煤层的回收率。     

An Overview of CCD Development at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

Fully depleted, back-illuminated charge-coupled devices fabricated at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory on high-resistivity silicon are described. Device operation and technology are discussed, as well as the results on telescopes and future plans. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Single Particle Analysis of Aerosols, Observed in the Marine Boundary Layer during the Monterey Area Ship Tracks Experiment (MAST), with Respect to Cloud Droplet Formation

The chemical composition of individual particles >0.2 m sampled duringthe MAST-experiment wereanalysed by SEM-EDX, in combination with multivariatetechniques. The objective of this experiment was toidentify the mechanisms responsible for themodification of marine stratocumulus clouds byemissions from ships and in a wider sense to provideinformation on the global processes involved inatmospheric modification of cloud albedo. Aerosolswere examined under different MBL pollution levels(clean, intermediately polluted and moderatelypolluted) in five different reservoirs: backgroundbelow-cloud and above-cloud aerosol; background clouddroplet residual particles; below-cloud ship plumeaerosol and ship track cloud droplet residualparticles.In this study a relation was provided between theaerosol emitted from the ship's stack to an effect incloud. Additionally, a large fraction of the ambientaerosol was found to be composed of organic materialor other compounds, consisting of low Z-elements,associated with chlorine. Their number fraction waslargest in clean marine boundary layers, and decreasedwith increasing pollution levels. The fraction of`transformed sea salt' (Na, Cl, S), on the other hand,increased with the pollution level in the MBL. Only20% of the particles fell within the detectable rangeof the analysis.     

隧道围岩中全长注浆岩石锚杆的应力分布分析

在弹性状态下,根据锚固体的受力情况建立了锚固体的摩阻力分布模型。根据此模型,结合隧道围岩位移变化函数推导了全长注浆岩石锚杆在围岩变形下的全长受力分布函数。并结合工程实例,分析了锚杆的应力分布特征,得出了注浆岩石锚杆在围岩变形中受力的基本特征。