以储备机制推动矿业权市场建设初探

作为国有资产的矿产资源如何有效地按市场规律运行,已成为建立我国现代矿产资源管理体制的核心问题。在矿业权一级市场不完善,二级市场发展不活跃,有形市场建设尚未全面推开的情况下,从矿业权市场建设中存在的问题入手,分析了建立矿产资源储备制度的必要性,对如何发挥矿产资源储备机制的推动作用提出合理性建议,以期推动矿业权市场建设。     

鄱阳湖自然保护区网络体系建设的探索与尝试

鄱阳湖是国际重要湿地,是中国最大的淡水湖,也是亚洲最大的水禽越冬地,是白鹤、东方白鹳、鸿雁和小天鹅等珍稀水禽全球最主要的越冬地之一。为保护好鄱阳湖湿地生态系统,保护好鄱阳湖珍稀水禽及其栖息地,江西省人民政府先后在鄱阳湖建立了15个自然保护区(国家级2个、省级2个,其余为县级),这15个自然保护区构成了原有的自然保护区网络体系。由于县级保护区保护管理功能的缺失,使得原有的自然保护区体系发挥的作用十分有限,因此需要尝试建立新的自然保护区网络体系。新的鄱阳湖自然保护区网络体系由鄱阳湖国家级自然保护区的11个保护管理(监测)站和南矶湿地国家级自然保护区的保护管理站共同组成,同时还包括鄱阳湖区越冬候鸟和湿地联合保护委员会、护鸟员和信息员队伍以及奖励机制。目前,新的网络体系存在新建保护监测站职能不明确和人员不足等问题,一定程度上制约了保护管理功能的发挥。为更好地发挥鄱阳湖自然保护区网络体系的作用,加强鄱阳湖自然保护区网络体系的建设十分必要,建议国家和地方政府给予更多的政策和资金支持。     

山东省矿产资源储量报告编制和汇交问题分析

矿产资源储量报告的编制、评审备案和汇交管理是一项技术性、政策性很强的工作,也是矿产资源管理的基础性工作。通过对山东省当前矿产资源储量报告编制及汇交的现状和存在的主要问题进行梳理和分析,有针对性地提出了合理化改进建议;对提高目前地质成果质量,强化矿政管理做作出了有益的研讨。     

矿产资源储量利用现状调查与数据库建设

全国矿产资源利用现状调查是对发我国现有的登记的矿区的资源储量和利用情况的第一次大规模的清理和核查。本文对核查矿区的确定、资源储量核查、开发利用情况核查、数据库建设等具体工作方法和技术要求进行了探讨。     

上海经营性土地储备制度及机制完善

土地储备是政府为筹集城市建设资金和加强宏观调控,主动进行的制度创新。上海土地储备制度在探索实践中完成了从＂市场主导＂模式向＂政府主导、市场运作＂模式的过渡,而全市开展的土地储备规划和计划编制则在引领城市发展、规范土地市场运作、提升土地调控能力方面发挥了重要作用。为加强土地储备制度落实,需在政策、资金、计划、市场、规划等方面进一步完善工作机制。     

Estimation of the inland extending length of the freshwater–saltwater interface in coastal unconfined aquifers

ABSTRACT

The inland extending length of the freshwater–saltwater interface toe is useful in studies of seawater intrusion in coastal areas. The submarine fresh groundwater discharge in coastal zones is affected not only by hydraulic conductivity and hydraulic gradient of the aquifer, but also by the position of the interface. Two observation wells at different distances from the coast are required to calculate the fresh groundwater flow rate in coastal unconfined aquifers. By considering that the submarine groundwater discharge is equal to the groundwater flow rate, the length of the interface toe extending inland can be estimated when the groundwater flow is at a steady-flow state. Aquifers with horizontal and sloping confined beds and without/with unique surface vertical infiltration are considered. Examples used to illustrate the application of these methods indicate that the inland extending lengths of the interface toe in aquifers with vertical surface infiltration are much shorter than those in aquifers without vertical surface infiltration, and the length of the interface in aquifers with a horizontal confining lower bed are smaller than those in aquifers with a confining lower bed sloping towards the sea. The extent of the interface on the northwestern coast near the city of Beihai in southern Guangxi, China, on 18 January 2013 was estimated as 471–478 m.

Editor M.C. Acreman Associate editor not assigned     

Geometry and dynamics of the freshwater—seawater interface in a coastal aquifer in southeastern Spain

Abstract

The contact between freshwater and seawater in coastal aquifers is studied using a relatively simple model for homogeneous aquifers. However, for real aquifers it is not so simple. The desalination plant built to supply water to the city of Almería is situated over the aquifer in the southern part of the River Andarax Delta. Its design capacity is 1100 L s^?1, and it is supplied from boreholes pumping water from beneath the freshwater—seawater contact in this aquifer. Well logs kept over a period of two years have allowed us to accurately define the interface geometry of the freshwater—seawater contact. Lithological data collected from 31 boreholes have also indicated the existence of strata with low hydraulic conductivity, within others of high conductivity. During a simultaneous pumping test of six wells with 690 L s^?1 total discharge, electrical conductivity measurements showed the influx of seawater 6–10 m below sea level and a drawdown of the interface in the piezometers closest to the pumping wells.     

北极地区盆地群油气地质特征及其资源潜力

北极地区具有超过4 000亿桶油当量的待发现技术可采储量, 是未来全球油气勘探与开发的重要增长点。本文按照地理和地质构造因素将北极地区分为北冰洋海盆区和环北极含油气区（含潜在含油气盆地）,按照板块演化及盆地发育历史将后者划分为北太平洋极地盆地群、俄罗斯极地盆地群和欧洲极地盆地群。根据大量文献和IHS数据, 结合生油层、储层、盖层及圈闭特征方面的研究, 系统对比、分析北极地区石油、天然气分布特征:北太平洋极地盆地群重要烃源岩形成于侏罗纪和白垩纪, 盆地群中重要储层大部分都分布于新生界布鲁克斯层, 油气系统以构造圈闭为主。俄罗斯极地盆地群中多数盆地具有古生代基底, 受斯堪的纳维亚早古生代造山期变形、西伯利亚板块古生代西部造山变形影响, 60%以上的烃源岩产自中生界, 储层以中生界前陆、克拉通盆地沉积物为主,盖层分布较广, 以中生界居多。欧洲极地盆地群受控于北大西洋洋脊的扩张和迁移, 各盆地烃源岩分布于中生界, 大部分储层分布于上白垩统—古新系, 自生自储、古生新储为该区域盆地的主要成藏模式。其中, 俄罗斯极地盆地油气储量最多, 占北极地区总储量45%以上且勘探潜力最大。     

Habitat preference of reintroduced dorcas gazelles (Gazella dorcas neglecta) in North Ferlo,Senegal

In March 2009, 23 dorcas gazelles (9 males and 14 females) were reintroduced in the Katané enclosure, a 440 ha fenced-in area in the North Ferlo Fauna Reserve (Senegal). In the enclosure, the dorcas gazelle live with other reintroduced (the mohor gazelles and the scimitar-horned oryx) and native ungulate species (the Red-fronted gazelle), as well other native mammals. Seven habitat types were characterized in the enclosure. Habitat preference of dorcas gazelles was studied using presence and abundance of gazelle signs (tracks, latrines, fecal deposits) and direct observations. Seasonal data were collected along a 6-km long transect in the enclosure. The presence of dorcas gazelles is significantly dependent on the type of habitat in the Katané enclosure and they prefer open habitats (plateaus) to habitats with less visibility. This preference did not change according to season and the number of fecal deposits increased with proximity to the fence.     

武威地区土壤有机碳库的估算与空间分布特征

基于甘肃省武威地区多目标区域地球化学调查6 000 km~2的调查系统取得了土壤有机碳等指标,结合土地利用图,土壤类型图等,对武威地区有机碳储量进行了统计及分析,估算出地表0.2 m~、1 m~厚和1.8 m~厚土体的平均单位土壤TOC量分别为1.51×1103 t/km~2、5.53.×103 t/km~2、8.85×103 t/km~2,远远低于全国平均水平。其有机碳空间分布规律为有机碳储量较高的地区分布于双城镇—永昌镇—武威市—武南镇—黄羊镇一带,表现为测区中部相对富集,东部缺失。