盐岩储气库注气排卤期剩余可排卤水分析

地下盐穴溶腔注气排卤过程中天然气和卤水共存,排卤管进入到卤水的深度及排卤速率决定了天然气是否会被卤水带出地表,如何调整后期排卤速率,降低排卤过程中带出天然气的风险,是注气排卤过程中的施工技术难题。针对该问题,采用流场分析理论对注气排卤后期盐岩储库腔底流场进行了模拟分析,得到排卤管外壁卤水向下流速;根据天然气气泡在卤水中的运移速率,分析确定了注气排卤后期不同剩余卤水深度下的安全排卤速率,为施工后期注气排卤速率调整提供了技术支撑。     

Dynamic storage: a potential metric of inter‐basin differences in storage properties

The potential for dynamic storage to serve as a metric of basin behaviour was assessed using data from five drainage basins with headwaters on the thick sand and gravel deposits of the Oak Ridges Moraine in southern Ontario, Canada. Dynamic storage was directly correlated with the ratio of variability of δ²H in streamflow relative to that in precipitation. This ratio has previously been shown to be inversely related to basin mean transit time (MTT), suggesting an inverse relationship between dynamic storage and MTT for the study basins. Dynamic storage was also directly correlated with interannual variability in stream runoff, baseflow and baseflow:runoff ratio, implying that basins with smaller dynamic storage have less interannual variability in their streamflow regimes. These preliminary results suggest that dynamic storage may serve as a readily derived and useful metric of basin behaviour for inter‐basin comparisons. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

利用GPS和GRACE分析四川地表垂向位移变化

陆地水储量的季节性变化是导致地表周期性负荷形变位移的主要因素,有效地剔除地表位移中的陆地水储量影响,是获取地壳构造垂向运动的必要过程.四川地处青藏高原东边缘,地形分区明显,境内以长江水系为主,水资源丰富,研究四川地区地表负荷形变位移,有助于分析陆地水储量的时空分布特性及地壳构造形变信息.本文利用研究区域内59个CORS站的GPS观测数据,计算了CORS站点的垂向位移,并将其与GRACE所得相应结果进行对比分析.结果显示,GPS和GRACE所得垂向位移时间序列的振幅大小整体相符,但存在明显的相位差.GPS站点振幅最大值为12.7 mm,对应HANY站,最小值为1.5 mm,对应SCMX站.GRACE所得的地表垂向位移振幅大小均为3~4 mm,且最大位移集中出现在7-9月份;而GPS站点出现最大位移的月份和地形相关,东部盆地、西北部高原和南部山地分别出现在7-8月份、10-11月份和10月份.GPS站点时间序列中的周年项与陆地水的季节性变化强相关,为了讨论陆地水储量对GPS站点位移的影响,本文利用改进的总体经验模态分解方法（MEEMD：Modified Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition）,从GPS垂向位移时间序列中提取出周年项及约2年的年际变化项.发现利用MEEMD获取的周年项改正原始GPS时间序列时可使其WRMS（Weight Root Mean Square）减少量减小约26%,结果优于最小二乘拟合方法提取的GPS周年项改正效果,验证了MEEMD方法在GPS坐标时间序列处理中的可行性及有效性.

     

制备TJ-1模拟月壤空心圆柱试样的新方法

针对TJ-1模拟月壤颗粒级配跨度大、粒径〉2mm．的颗粒含量多,采用常规方法制备空心圆柱试样容易出现粗细颗粒分离、试样整体不均匀的特点,提出改良型制备方法．首先采用分层欠压法与冰冻法相结合制备出孔隙比e=1．0的实心圆柱试样,并对实心样的均匀性进行评价,得到分层制备相同孔隙比的TJ-1模拟月壤均匀试样时每层试样的高度;...     

Application of a Coupled Land Surface-Hydrological Model to Flood Simulation in the Huaihe River Basin of China

A hydrological simulation in the Huaihe River Basin（HRB） was investigated using two different models： a coupled land surface hydrological model（CLHMS）, and a large-scale hydrological model（LSX-HMS）. The NCEP-NCAR reanalysis dataset and observed precipitation data were used as meteorological inputs. The simulation results from both models were compared in terms of flood processes forecasting during high flow periods in the summers of 2003 and 2007, and partial high flow periods in 2000. The comparison results showed that the simulated streamflow by CLHMS model agreed well with the observations with Nash-Sutcliffe coefficients larger than 0.76, in both periods of 2000 at Lutaizi and Bengbu stations in the HRB, while the skill of the LSX-HMS model was relatively poor. The simulation results for the high flow periods in 2003 and 2007 suggested that the CLHMS model can simulate both the peak time and intensity of the hydrological processes, while the LSX-HMS model provides a delayed flood peak. These results demonstrated the importance of considering the coupling between the land surface and hydrological module in achieving better predictions for hydrological processes, and CLHMS was proven to be a promising model for future applications in flood simulation and forecasting.     

盐岩油气储库介质地质力学模型相似材料的研制

以江苏金坛盐岩地下油气储库为示范工程,以精铁粉、重晶石粉、石英砂、一级松香和医用酒精为原料,根据相似原理以及金坛盐岩油气储库地层中盐岩、泥岩和盐岩夹层的实测物理力学参数,开展了各种配比条件下材料的单轴压缩、三轴压缩、直剪和巴西劈裂试验,通过原岩和模型材料的重度、泊松比、弹性模量、抗压强度、抗拉强度、黏聚力、内摩擦角等基本物理力学参数以及相应变形特征和强度破坏特性的对比分析,研制出基本满足相似条件要求的盐岩油气储库介质（盐岩、泥岩和盐岩夹层）的地质力学模型相似材料,为开展盐岩地下油气储库运营的变形与失效破坏地质力学模型试验提供了可靠的材料保证。     

基于振动台试验的移动通信节点机房蓄电池组地震易损性分析

关键移动通信设备的地震易损性是城市移动通信系统地震灾害预测的基础。本文以移动通信系统节点机房中常用的蓄电池组作为研究对象,通过振动台试验来研究蓄电池组的抗震性能,并获得其地震易损性。试验过程中,首先采用FEMA P695建议的方法从美国PEER强震数据库中遴选出对蓄电池组较为危险的地震动记录作为试验激励,随后逐步增大各条地震动记录的幅值,基于振动台进行增量动力分析。试验后根据蓄电池组的地震损伤特征,定义了其损伤指标和损伤水平,并基于振动台试验数据分析获得了典型蓄电池组的地震易损性曲线。     

油气储运系统钢结构设备地震火灾效应研究

预防和减轻油气储运系统地震火灾危险性是防震减灾中的重要课题。本文论述了油气储运系统的地震火灾特征及防火要求，对钢结构的防火涂料在遭到破坏和平时情况下的抗火性能进行了对比分析，并应用有限元法对油气储运系统中典型钢结构设备在地震火灾荷载作用下的抗火性能进行了数值模拟。研究结果表明，防火涂料遭到强地震荷载破坏后，钢结构的抗火性能大大降低。     

Assessment of sediment yield estimations for large watershed areas: a case study for the Seyhan,Demirköprü and Hirfanlı reservoirs in Turkey

Abstract

Analyses of data from reservoir surveys and sediment rating curves are compared to predict sediment yield in three large reservoir watershed areas in Turkey. Sediment yield data were derived from reservoir sedimentation rates and suspended sediment measurements at gauging stations. The survey data were analysed to provide the volume estimates of sediment, the time-averaged sediment deposition rates, the long-term average annual loss rates in the reservoir storage capacity, and the long-term sediment yield of the corresponding watershed areas. Four regression methods, including linear and nonlinear cases, were applied to rating curves obtained from gauging stations. Application of the efficiency test to a power function form of a rating curve with nonlinear regression yielded the highest efficiency values. Based on the analysis of the sediment rating curves, sediment load fluxes were calculated by using average daily discharge data at each gauging station. Comparison of these two sediment yield values for each reservoir showed that the sediment yields from the suspended sediment measurements, SY_GS, are 0.99 to 3.54 times less than those obtained from the reservoir surveys, SY_RS. The results from the reservoir surveys indicate that all three reservoirs investigated have lost significant storage capacity due to high sedimentation rates.     

存储局域网(SAN)在地质调查数据存储中的应用

对中国地质调查局数据存储原有状况和存在的问题进行总结,在对数据存储技术进行分析的基础上,详细论述了基于SAN结构的地质调查存储系统的技术方案,包括基础结构,软、硬件配置等内容。系统满足了各项业务对数据的高可用性、数据存储的可靠性、数据的安全性日益增高的需求。系统运行后,取得了较为满意的应用效果。