基于PCA-LINMAP-FCE的通信系统维修性评价方法

为提高通信系统维修性评价的实用性和可操作性,提出了一种基于PCA-LINMAP-FCE 的维修性评价方法.在构建简化的维修性评价指标体系的基础上,将PCA-LINMAP与模糊综合评判(FCE)方法相结合,从定量和定性的角度对维修性进行评价.实例仿真分析表明,该方法可操作性强,且有效地降低了评价的主观随意性,使维修设计和作业人员全面掌控通信系统装备维修性的影响因素,能够为科学制定设计方案和维修实施决策方案提供决策信息.     

长江下游沿江湿地升金湖越冬水鸟觅食集团结构及生态位特征

集团结构和生态位特征是量化动物群落组织过程的重要指标,鸟类集团结构及其食物资源分割的分析对于理解群落中不同鸟种生态适应性具有重要意义.越冬水鸟集团结构和生态位特征取决于食物资源的丰富度和可获得性.本文通过对升金湖越冬水鸟的觅食生境和觅食行为的观察,对水鸟群落的集团结构进行划分,采用Levins指数和Pianka指数计算...     

The analysis of compositional effects as exemplified by the study of elections

Some people are influenced by other people who live near them. They vote for the same political party as their neighbours and they go to church on Sunday because that is what most other people in the area do. This phenomenon is known as the compositional effect of the environment. This article offers a survey of the history of the analysis of such effects, of the explanations that can be given for them and of the research methods that can be used to establish them. The most important conclusions regarding political preference are given, and a direction in which research into compositional effects should develop is also indicated.     

Cloning and sequence analysis of the partial sequence of the rbcL from Bryopsis hypnoides

1 IntroductionRibulose-1,5-bisphosphatecarboxylase/oxygenase(EC 4.1.1.39;Rubisco) plays an important role in photo-synthetic carbon fixation by controlling the initial stageof the Calvin cycle and possessing the functions of bothCO2 fixation and ribulose-1, 5-bisphosphate (RuBP)oxygenation. Rubisco is composed of eight large andeight small subunits in higher plants and green algae,and the large subunit is encoded by chloroplast genomeand the small subunit by nuclear genome. The gene en-cod…     

Biogeography, Substrate Preference, and Feeding Types of North Adriatic Intertidal Collembola

Abstract. A survey of North Adriatic intertidal Collembola is given, including the first records of Friesea acuminata, Archisotoma interstitialis, Entomobrya dollfusi , and Pseudosinella hauseri. Granulometric and biococnological analyses of culittoral loose sediments allowed determination of the animals' substrate preference. The limitation to cuhaline habitats is tested by comparison with mixohaline shores nearby. Life-form typology is applied to elucidate the largely unknown relations of intertidal Collembola to the sediment surface or superficial strata. The different modes of nutrition are distinguished by mouthparts and by gut content analyses.     

The Activity Rhythm of Blennius sanguinolentus Pallas*

Abstract. In the field, feeding activity of the algivorous Blennius sanguinolentus increased remarkably from morning to late afternoon. Swimming is evenly distributed; other behaviour does not fall into regular daily patterns. No association was found, save in extreme values, between the distribution of any activity and environmental factors measured simultaneously. We suggest that the feeding cycle is an adaptation to the metabolic properties of green algae, the staple diet of B. sanguinolentus. Activity distributions following predictable short-term fluctuations in food quality are expected to be found in other animals.     

基于利益相关者视角的待复垦矿区土地再利用适宜性评价

土地适宜性评价是确定废弃矿区土地再利用方向的重要决策依据。在充分考虑废弃矿区破损现状和自然条件的基础上,将废弃土地相关利益群体的判断纳入土地再利用方向适宜性评价中,有利于提高废弃土地再利用的可持续性和土地利用效率。该文从利益相关者角度判断废弃矿区的土地再利用方向,从矿区土地破损现状、自然条件、社会条件及经济条件四方面设置了20个指标,构建矿区土地适宜性评价指标体系,并根据已完成复垦矿区的土地利用现状确定10种土地再利用方向;选择土地利用评价专家、区域管理者及邻近居民3类利益相关群体组成决策组,依据指标体系判断矿区土地再利用方向适宜性,运用PROMETHEE排序法分别计算3个评价单元内不同土地利用方向的偏好指数并进行排序。综合3类决策主体的评判结果,评价单元Ⅰ(废弃矿区挖损区)适合复垦为鱼塘、水库及生态公园等,评价单元Ⅱ(废弃厂房压占区)、Ⅲ(尾矿堆压占区)均适合复垦为农用地,但耕地、林地和草地的优先序不同。     

Natural Resource Access Rights and Wrongs: Nontimber Forest Products Gathering in Urban Environments

This article uses research about non-timber forest products (NTFP) gathering in Seattle, Washington, USA to examine how people gain access to natural resources in urban environments. Our analysis focuses on gathering in three spaces: parks, yards, and public rights of way. We present a framework for conceptualizing access, and highlight cognitive mechanisms of access associated with foragers’ internal moral judgments about harvesting. Key findings are: (1) internal moral calculations about whether it is right or wrong to harvest a particular NTFP in a particular place are an important but previously unacknowledged mechanism governing resource access; and (2) these calculations may help prevent over-harvesting of NTFPs, which are common pool resources, in urban environments where social and environmental conditions lend themselves to a de facto situation of open access. Our findings suggest that voluntary codes of conduct may be the best way to manage NTFP access in cities.