云南临沧地区帮卖盆地含铀煤中锗矿的研究

帮卖盆地是一个不对称山间向斜盆地,其基底为海西·燕山期(γ~3_4-γ~2_5)花岗岩体。盖层为新第三纪的含煤碎屑岩。锗矿体大部分存在于N_1~2煤层中。含铀煤主要为变质程度低的褐煤,属于半暗-半亮煤、暗亮煤及亮暗煤。锗在煤中的存在形式:1.主要为腐植酸锗络合物及锗的有机化合物;2.一部分呈吸附状态;3.极少数呈类质同象。     

桉树腐殖酸(HA)专用肥区域试验与配方的优选

采用随机区组设计,以等价投入的常规化肥为对照,开展专用肥多点施肥试验研究.通过专用肥对林木生长量、林相特征的影响分析,结果表明:与等价投入(肥料成本)的常规化肥相比,施用系列专用肥的林分生长量均显著或极显著地高于常规化肥处理,且叶片浓绿、树势强壮,施后19个月内,树高、胸径、材积分别提高了7.8%~51.8%、9.8%~53.0%和30%以上,叶片叶绿素含量提高26.3%~94.2%,叶面积指数提高41.0%~172.8%.经对HA桉树专用肥的增产性、适应性和稳定性的综合分析与评定,选出基肥专用的优化配方为:有机质≥30.0%、N P2O5 K2O≥6.0%(2.5-2.0-1.5)、腐殖酸总量≥8.0%,并加上适量的"绿滴"复合微生物菌剂(于施用时和基肥按每50 kg∶1 kg的量掺入);追肥专用的优化配方为:有机质≥20.0%、N P2O5 K2O≥20.0%(9-8-3)、腐殖酸总量≥6.0%.     

Simulation of the dissolution of weathered versus unweathered limestone in carbonic acid solutions of varying strength

A simulation was undertaken within a climatic chamber to investigate limestone dissolution under varied carbonic acid (H₂CO₃) strengths as a possible analogue for future increases in atmospheric CO₂ arising from global warming. Twenty‐eight samples cut from a block of Bath (Box Hill) limestone from Somerville College, Oxford, which had been removed during restoration after 150 years in an urban environment, were weighed and placed in closed bottles of thin plastic containing varying concentrations of H₂CO₃. Half of the stone samples were derived from exposed surfaces of the stone block (weathered) while the others were obtained from the centre of the block on unexposed surfaces (unweathered). The purpose of this was to compare dissolution of previously weathered versus unweathered surfaces in strong (pH 4·73) versus weak (pH 6·43) solutions of H₂CO₃. A temperature of c. 19 °C was maintained within the chamber representing a plausible future temperature in Oxford for the year 2200 given current warming scenarios. The simulation lasted 25 days with a few stone samples being removed midway. Stone samples show reduced weight in all cases but one. There was greater dissolution of stone samples in a strong H₂CO₃ solution as conveyed by higher concentrations of total hardness and Ca²⁺ in the water samples as well as enhanced microscopic dissolution features identified using SEM. The simulation confirms that enhanced atmospheric CO₂ under global warming, given adequate moisture, will accelerate dissolution rates particularly of newly replaced limestone building stones. However, previously weathered surfaces, such as those on historical stone exposed for a century or more, appear to be less susceptible to the effects of such increased rainfall acidity. Conservation techniques which remove weathered surfaces, such as stone cleaning, may accelerate future decay of historical limestone structures by increasing their susceptibility to dissolution. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

陕西省山阳县小河口地区酸性-中酸性岩体地质特征及其成矿地质条件分析

通过对山阳地区地层、构造、岩浆岩特征的论述 ,归纳总结了区内酸性—中酸性小岩体的空间分布、岩石类型、岩石主要矿物、岩石化学成分、岩石碱度、稀土元素、微量元素等特征 ,从五个方面提出了酸性—中酸性小岩体具有壳幔同熔成因的证据 ,分析总结了山阳小河口地区以酸性—中酸性小岩体成矿作用为主的多金属成矿规律 ,提出了成矿模式。     

2—（2，3，5—三氮唑偶氮）—1，8—二羟基—3，6—萘二磺酸与钴的显色反应及应用

介绍了新水溶性显色剂 2 - ( 2 ,3,5 -三氮唑偶氮 ) - 1 ,8-二羟基 - 3,6-萘二磺酸与钴的显色反应及应用 ,建立了测定钴的新方法。在 pH 9.9的Na2 B4O7 NaOH缓冲液中该试剂与钴形成 1∶1蓝色稳定络合物 ,λmax为 5 88.8nm ,Co的质量浓度在 0～ 1 .0mg/L内符合比尔定律 ,表观摩尔吸光系数为 3.46× 1 0 4 L·mol- 1 ·cm- 1 。所拟方法用于环境水样及维生素B1 2 注射液中的微量钴测定 ,结果与原子吸收法相符 ,5次测定的RSD <1 %。     

黄土醋酸淋溶实验及其碳酸盐组分的地球化学特征

选择性的化学淋溶实验 ,广泛用于沉积物的地球化学研究中。通过对比 1mol/L的盐酸和醋酸两种溶剂对黄土和古土壤的淋溶效果 ,发现 1mol/L的醋酸能选择性淋溶黄土和古土壤中碳酸盐组分 ,对硅酸盐、铁的氧化物等影响很小。在确定溶剂后 ,以 1mol/L醋酸溶液选择性淋溶了洛川剖面 4 3个黄土和古土壤样品 ,通过分析淋溶液的组成 ,得出黄土和古土壤中碳酸盐组分的平均成分 (wB)为 :MgO 1.71% ,MnO 670× 10 - 6 ,Sr 4 90× 10 - 6 。淋溶结果较好地反映了黄土-古土壤剖面的风化成壤程度 ,其中醋酸淋溶液中MnO含量能更好地反映当时的古气候信息。     

钾长石粉酸浸除铁的实验研究

在利用钾长石粉合成沸石分子筛和制取碳酸钾技术中，铁的存在会降低沸石的白度。对北京平谷、天津蓟县、内蒙白云鄂博三地钾长石粉进行硫酸酸浸除铁实验，获得最大铁浸出率分别为88．6％、93．2％和64．6％，且前两地钾长石粉中铁的浸出行为相似，酸浸除铁效果均优于白云鄂博钾长石粉。采用正交实验法研究硫酸浓度、酸浸温度和时间对除铁效果的影响，表明三者对不同地区钾长石粉酸浸除铁效果的影响程度各不相同。钾长石酸浸除铁反应开始时，铁的溶解极快，反应速率主要由化学反应控制；其后溶解相对缓慢，反应速率则由扩散作用控制。     

峨眉山1998年8月和12月采集雨水化学组成的对比研究

为了查明峨眉山地区雨水污染物的来源，从1998年4月开始，每月从22个采样点收集雨水样，对1998年8月和12月收集雨水的化学成分进行对比并讨论。     

酸性土壤中20种元素有效态浸提体系浅析

通过对酸性土壤中Cu、Pb、Zn、Co、Ni、Fe、Mn、Cd、K、Na、Ca、Mg、Si、P、S、Mo、F、Se、As、Hg20种元素有效态的浸提与测定，拟定了一个操作条件宽松、质量稳定，能满足区域调查需要的浸提体系和分析方案。该分析配套方案对20种元素的检出限在（0.0001～4.9）×10     

Variations in chemical compositions of the eolian dust in Chinese Loess Plateau over the past 2.5 Ma and chemical weathering in the Asian inland

Major and trace elements as well as strontium isotopic composition have been analyzed on the acid-insoluble (AI) phase of the loess-paleosol sequence from Luochuan, Shaanxi Province, China. Results show that the chemical composition of AI phase of loess and paleosols is distinctive to the average composition of upper continental crust (UCC), characterized by depletion of mobile elements Na, Ca and Sr. The distribution pattern of elements in AI phase reveals that initial dust, derived from a vast area of Asian inland, has suffered from Na- and Ca-removed chemical weathering compared to UCC. Some geochemical parameters (such as CIA values, Na/K, Rb/Sr and⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratios) display a regular variation and evolution, reflecting that the chemical weathering in the source region of loess deposits has decreased gradually since 2.5 Ma with the general increase of global ice volume. This coincidence reflects that the aridity of Asian inland since the Quaternary is a possible regional response to the global climate change.