10MW级海上浮式风机运动特性研究

以DTU 10 MW基准风机为研究对象,单柱式平台作为基础支撑结构,使用FAST软件计算分析,考虑单独风、单独波浪以及风浪组合三种环境条件,对10 MW级海上浮式风机的运动特性进行研究。研究发现:系统摇荡是风激励的低频运动和波浪激励的波频运动的合成,气动阻尼削弱系统的波频运动;系统纵荡和纵摇运动存在明显的耦合现象,而垂荡运动和其他方向的运动没有耦合关系;受纵摇影响,转动的风轮产生陀螺惯性力矩,激励首摇运动;随着风机单机容量的增加,风激励的低频运动比例增大,波浪激励的波频运动比例减小。     

Numerical investigation of the uplift performance of prestressed fiber-reinforced polymer floating piles

Finite element analyses of prestressed fiber-reinforced polymer floating piles subjected to uplift force have been conducted in this paper. First, parameters of the modified BPE model (bond–slip model at the fiber-reinforced polymer–concrete interface) were calibrated using existing pullout testing data on fiber-reinforced polymer rebars embedded in concrete. Nonlinear spring elements were used in numerical modeling to characterize the bond–slip behavior at the fiber-reinforced polymer–concrete interface. A parametric study was performed to assess the influence of rebar diameter, fiber-reinforced polymer material, embedment length, and concrete strength on the mobilized bond stress. Upon the successful modeling of the pullout performance of fiber-reinforced polymer rebars in concrete, numerical models were developed to investigate the dependence of the uplift performance of floating piles on the prestress level, uplift force, fiber-reinforced polymer type, and compressive strength of concrete.     

区域公共服务设施优化配置方法研究——以大连市甘井子区兴华街道小学配置为例

利用GIS网络分析技术可真实模拟可达性,实现设施优化布局。以大连市甘井子区兴华街道小学配置为例研究,在借鉴以往研究成果基础上,结合公安部门统计数据,通过实地调研,兼顾流动人口,利用GIS技术构建网络分析数据集,采用最小化阻抗模型和最大化覆盖范围模型比较研究,确定研究区小学配置方案。结论表明,基于最大覆盖范围原则的小学选址更合理。保持区域原有的兴华小学、松江路小学、千山路小学、华中小学和芙蓉小学5 所小学在原区位继续运行,在2 号和45号点位再配置2所小学,较为合理。     

测量船动态吃水测量方法研究

针对测量船特别是中大型测量船的动态吃水问题,提出了单船和双船载波相位差分GPS测定方法,给出了动态吃水计算公式。根据装备现状,对比分析了三种测量方法的适用范围,例举了典型参数值的动态吃水观测误差,旨在为测量作业人员提供借鉴和参考。     

Axial compressive bearing capacity of piles in ‎oil-contaminated sandy soil using FCV

ABSTRACT

Oil and its derivatives contaminate many soils and not only affect their chemical and biological properties but also their geotechnical properties. As oil contamination may deteriorate the functioning of piles, this paper addresses the effects of oil contamination on soil–pile interactions. Axial compressive bearing capacities of two close-ended, instrumented piles were investigated in different oil-contaminated sand using frustum confining vessel. Three different oils (gasoil, crude oil, and used motor oil) at different contamination levels were considered and using some strain gauges, the toe, shaft, and the net total bearing capacity of piles, as well as load distributions along the pile length, were derived. The results show that the presence of oil between soil particles has considerable adverse effects on bearing capacities of model piles, especially the shaft bearing capacity. The oil viscosity and percentage, as well as the contaminated sand bed thickness around the piles, are the most influential parameters. The higher the oil viscosity and oil content, the lower the values of the piles’ bearing capacities in comparison to the uncontaminated sand. With some modifications on the bearing capacity parameters of CFEM method, a good agreement was observed between measured and calculated bearing capacity values.     

Wave diffraction on arc-shaped floating perforated breakwaters

An analytical method is developed to study the sheltering effects on arc-shaped floating perforated breakwaters. In the process of analysis, the floating breakwater is assumed to be rigid, thin, vertical, and immovable and located in water with constant depth. The fluid domain is divided into two regions by imaginary interface. The velocity potential in each region is expanded by eigenfunction in the context of linear theory. By satisfying continuity of pressure and normal velocity across the imaginary fluid interface, a set of linear algebraic equations can be obtained to determine the unknown coefficients for eigenfunction expansions. The accuracy of the present model was verified by a comparison with existing results for the case of arc-shaped floating breakwater. Numerical results, in the form of contour maps of the non-dimensional wave amplitude around the breakwater and diffracted wave amplitude at typical sections, are presented for a range of wave and breakwater parameters. Results show that the sheltering effects on the arc-shaped floating perforated breakwater are closely related to the incident wavelength, the draft and the porosity of the breakwater.     

Robust leader-follower formation tracking control of multiple underactuated surface vessels

This paper is concerned with the formation control problem of multiple underactuated surface vessels moving in a leader-follower formation.The formation is achieved by the follower to track a virtual target defined relative to the leader.A robust adaptive target tracking law is proposed by using neural network and backstepping techniques.The advantage of the proposed control scheme is that the uncertain nonlinear dynamics caused by Coriolis/centripetal forces,nonlinear damping,unmodeled hydrodynamics and disturbances from the environment can be compensated by on line learning.Based on Lyapunov analysis,the proposed controller guarantees the tracking errors converge to a small neighborhood of the origin.Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the control strategy.     

西安地铁隧道穿越饱和软黄土地段的地表沉降监测

以西安地铁一号线朝阳门站—康复路站区段饱和软黄土地铁隧道为研究对象,通过施工期现场地表沉降变形监测,分析了在饱和软黄土特殊地层条件下隧道浅埋暗挖法施工引起的该区段地表沉降变形规律以及地表沉降槽分布特征。结果表明:在饱和软黄土隧道开挖时,随着掌子面的推进,隧道顶地表沉降可分为沉降微小阶段、沉降显著发展阶段、沉降缓慢阶段和沉降稳定阶段;单线隧道开挖后的最大地表沉降量为18.89mm,双线隧道开挖后的最大地表沉降量为36.4mm;已开挖隧道对围岩土体的扰动作用使得后开挖隧道的地表沉降发展较大;双线隧道的地表沉降槽宽度接近单线隧道沉降槽宽度的2倍,因此可以将其近似为单线隧道地表沉降槽宽度与双线隧道轴线中点距离之和;单线隧道开挖后地表沉降槽宽度为8.4～9.3m,双线隧道开挖后地表沉降槽宽度为16.2～17.5m;隧道开挖施工的沉降槽宽度参数为0.435～0.467,单线隧道开挖后的地层损失率为0.765%～1.324%,双线隧道开挖后的地层损失率为1.231%～2.200%。     

中国省域犯罪率影响因素的空间非平稳性分析

收入差距和流动人口是影响犯罪率的两个重要因素, 以往研究基于OLS模型, 在假设地域空间为均质的前提下分析其对犯罪率的影响, 但现实世界的空间单元往往难以满足“均质”的假设, 多数表现为“空间异质”。以OLS计量空间异质会造成计量结果出现偏差, 同时无法了解不同空间单元的不同影响。而地理加权回归模型通过将空间结构嵌入线性回归模型中, 很好的解决了空间异质的计量问题。利用地理加权回归模型研究2008 年中国大陆省域单元犯罪率的影响因素, 结果表明:① 犯罪率的影响因素表现出空间非平稳性, 流动人口与犯罪率显著相关, 但各个省份相关程度并不相同, 影响关系随空间位置变化而变化;② 地理加权回归模型的计量精度和拟合度比OLS模型有大幅提高     

一次沙尘过程对天津气溶胶浓度分布的影响

利用气溶胶质量浓度和数浓度监测资料以及不同高度的常规气象资料,结合后向轨迹模式,分析2011年4月30日至5月1日一次沙尘天气过程对天津城区气溶胶浓度的影响。结果表明：沙尘过程前的轻雾天气下PM1贡献了气溶胶质量浓度的96%和数浓度的99.9%以上;本次沙尘天气存在两个不同的浮尘过程,主要区别体现在细粒子浓度差异上,第一次浮尘过程PM1~2.5、PM2.5~10和PM10~100分别占气溶胶数浓度的6.5%、2.5%和0.1%,第二次浮尘过程占比则依次为11.3%、2.6%和0.01%;两次浮尘过程气溶胶粒子性质有明显差异,第一次浮尘过程中粗粒子浓度占PM10的80%以上,第二次浮尘过程风向转变为偏北风,细粒子浓度增高至40%,气溶胶由单纯的沙尘气溶胶转变为沙尘-污染气溶胶。