CaCl_2－NH_3吸附式余热制冷机应用于渔船冷藏的可行性研究

提出应用Ｃａｃｌ２作为吸附剂和ＮＨ３作为制冷剂的柴油机余热吸附式制冷机的特性．分析ＣａＣｌ２－ＮＨ３吸附式制冷机的工作原理和柴油机能量平衡表明吸附式制冷机用于渔船在吸附能力和制冷温度都是可行的．开发和应用吸附式制冷机是有意义的．     

Seasonal and ontogenetic patterns of habitat use in coral reef fish juveniles

We investigated the diversity of patterns of habitat use by juveniles of coral reef fishes according to seasons and at two spatial scales (10–100 m and 1–10 km). We conducted underwater visual censuses in New Caledonia's Lagoon between 1986 and 2001. Co-inertia analyses highlighted the importance of mid-shelf habitats at large spatial scale (1–10 km) and of sandy and vegetated habitats at small spatial scale (10–100 m) for most juveniles. Among all juvenile species, 53% used different habitats across seasons (e.g. Lutjanus fulviflamma and Siganus argenteus) and 39% used different habitats as they grow (e.g. Lethrinus atkinsoni and Scarus ghobban). During their ontogeny, at large and small scales, respectively, 21% and 33% of the species studied showed an increase in the number of habitats used (e.g. L. fulviflamma, L. atkinsoni), 10% and 3% showed a decrease in the number of habitats used (e.g. Amphiprion melanopus, Siganus fuscescens), 23% and 3% showed a drastic change of habitat used (e.g. S. ghobban, Scarus sp.) whereas 46% and 61% showed no change of habitat used (e.g. Lethrinus genivittatus, Ctenochaetus striatus). Changes in habitat use at both small and large spatial scales occurred during the ontogeny of several species (e.g. S. ghobban, Scarus sp.). Results pointed out the different spatial and temporal scales of juvenile habitat use to account for in conservation decisions regarding both assemblage and species-specific levels.     

日本对虾的营养需求

总结了近年来国内外关于日本对虾(Penaeus japonicus)的营养学研究成果，从蛋白质、氨基酸、脂类、维生素、矿质元素、外源激素及环境因子等方面论述了日本对虾的营养学研究现状，为今后的日本对虾养殖提供依据。     

影响水库鱼产力的基础环境因素的分析

本文以山东省30座代表性的大中型水库为样本,对影响水库鱼产力的基础环影境条件——集雨区性状、水库形态和水文状况各方面共计21项变量,运用聚类分析、主成分分析、相关分析和逐步回归等方法进行了分析和筛选。结果表明,影响水库鱼产力的主要因素是:集雨区的土壤、相对人口密度、植被覆盖率以及水文换率等。其中,最重要的是土壤肥力,文中建立的土壤肥力指数(SF1),第一次定量证明了集雨区、土壤对水库营养水平乃至鱼产力的决定性作用。这些关键性影响因素可作为评价水库鱼产力的环境指标。