基于改进模态参数灵敏度法的结构损伤识别研究

推导了模态参数对于损伤构件的一阶和二阶灵敏度矩阵,并对在推导一阶和二阶振型灵敏度的过程中产生的模态截尾误差进行了改进。根据泰勒级数展开的原理分别建立了一阶和二阶的灵敏度方程。考虑到一阶灵敏度方程求解速度快和二阶灵敏度方程求解精度高的特点,本文提出了一种用于结构损伤识别的混合迭代算法,该算法用二阶非线性的解析解作为算法的第一次迭代值,用一阶灵敏度方程的求解值对该算法的第一次迭代值进行关于泰勒级数截尾误差的修正。研究表明,本文提出的混合迭代算法由于采用了精确度较高的二阶非线性解析解作为迭代修正的初值,因此,迭代修正精度更高,收敛性更好。     

汶川8．0级特大地震前地震活动的显著特征

2008年5月12日四川省汶川县发生了MS8．0特大地震（本文震级均为MS）,该地震是中国大陆内部活动地块边界带的特大地震,它发生在青藏、华南一级活动地块区边界交汇部位的龙门山断裂带。本文结合活动地块划分结果阐述了汶川8．0级特大地震前7级强震格局,探讨了该特大地震前可能的动力学变化过程;以中国大陆地区为研究对象,分析...     

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the Jurassic–Cretaceous Tetori Group,central Japan

Primary data on the organic geochemistry of the Tetori Group provide basic information about depositional environments and thermal maturation of organic matter through two geological sections in the Hokuriku region, central Japan. The thermal maturity of organic matter was evaluated by the methylphenanthrene index‐1. The maturity progressively increases stratigraphically down through the Izumi section in Fukui Prefecture. The estimated vitrinite reflectance equivalent is <1.35% near the top of the section, gradually increasing to >2.0% near the base. The thermal maturation process can account for stratigraphic changes in abundance of PAHs through this section. However, the occasional occurrence of coronene in the middle of the Izumi section is attributed to possible paleo‐wildfires that supplied more coronene to the depositional site. The stratigraphic distribution of PAHs through the Tateyama section, Toyama Prefecture, also can be explained by the same scenario as envisaged for the Izumi section, but weathering and/or other secondary factors may have partly modified primary signals for this section. Polycyclic aromatic sulfur compounds were observed in nearly all samples from both sections, even in samples for which a freshwater paleoenvironment is surmised. Most plausibly, some reduced sulfur was re‐oxidized to elemental sulfur, which persisted in the sediments and may have contributed to the formation of aromatic sulfur compounds. Hence, polycyclic aromatic sulfur compounds do not provide an index to separate marine environments from the freshwater settings for the Tetori Group.     

煤和泥岩不同温度条件下非烃中咔唑类化合物的演化特征

在密闭体系中,200～450℃的条件下进行了煤和泥岩加水的模拟实验,分析了实验产物非烃中咔唑类化合物的演化特征,并讨论了不同温度条件下非烃中咔唑类化合物的演化的机理.实验结果表明,非烃中咔唑类化合物是沉积有机质成岩过程的产物,其含量和组成受有机质成熟度影响较大.该研究结果不仅加深了对非烃中咔唑类化合物演化机理的认识,而...     

First record of three giant marine Bathynomids (Crustacea, Isopoda, Cirolanidae) from India

Three species,Bathynomus decemspinosus,B.doederleini and B.kensleyi (Crustacea,Isopoda,Cirolanidae),are reported for the first time from the Parangipettai coastal waters,Southeast coast of India.Several Trilasmis (Temnaspis) tridens (Cirripedia Thoracica,Lepadomorpha) were attached to the pleopods of some individuals.So,five bathynomid species are currently reported from India.     

藏北羌塘盆地羌资1井中侏罗统沥青脉生物标志化合物分布特征及其意义

藏北羌塘盆地羌资1井中侏罗统沥青脉生物标志化合物含有丰富的正烷烃、类异戊二烯烷烃、萜类化合物和甾类化合物。正烷烃图谱形态以单峰形态占优势,主碳峰以nC16、nC17为主,次为nC18、nC20、nC15轻烃组分占有绝对优势,OEP值介于0,69-1．22之间,平均值为0．96,偶碳数优势不明显;Pr／Ph值介于0．35～0．78之间,平均值为0．59,具有明显的植烷优势。萜烷相对丰度表现为五环三萜烷〉三环萜烷〉四环萜烷,γ-蜡烷普遍存在,但相对含量棱低;甾烷主要为规则甾烷,少量孕甾烷,规则甾烷∑（C27＋C28）〉∑C29,∑C27／∑C29介于0．61～2．18之间,平均值为1．06,显示弱的C27甾烷优势或弱的C29甾烷优势。有机质母质构成中,除有丰富的藻类等低等水生生物外,可能还有陆生高等植物输入混合。成熟度参数和镜质体反射率均显示沥青脉中的有机质处于成熟一过成熟阶段。沥青脉形成环境为还原环境。另外,除饱和烃和芳烃含量上有明显差别外,中侏罗统夏里组砂泥岩中的沥青脉与布曲组碳酸盐岩中的沥青脉的生物标志化合物无明显区别。     

Life history and population dynamics of Moerisia sp., a non-native hydrozoan, in the upper San Francisco Estuary (U.S.A.)

Some populations of gelatinous zooplankton appear to be increasing and causing ecological disruptions during large bloom events. The goal of this study was to investigate the life history and population dynamics of the small, invasive Moerisia sp. and its potential ecological impacts in the upper San Francisco Estuary, California. Medusae and polyps were collected from 8 and 2 sites, respectively, during 2007 and 2008. Polyps emerged from a resting stage during June. Asexual reproduction of medusae buds was positively correlated with temperature and negatively related to salinity. The production of polyp buds was positively correlated with dissolved oxygen and water transparency levels. Sexual reproduction, defined by the presence of eggs, was related to the size of medusae. Cessation of reproduction of both polyps and medusae occurred in October, when temperatures dropped below 17 °C. This life history is similar to other hydrozoans and allows Moerisia sp. to reach large numbers seasonally in the San Francisco Estuary, possibly contributing to the recent declines of pelagic fish and zooplankton.     

塔里木盆地奥陶系烃源岩二次生烃研究

为研究海相烃源岩二次生烃规律和塔里木盆地生排烃规律,以塔里木盆地奥陶系烃源岩为研究对象,首先通过构造-热演化史和生烃史研究得出,塔里木盆地典型构造单元奥陶系烃源岩具有二次生烃的特征,并且起始成熟度和生烃期次不同.然后选取自然条件下演化至不同起始成熟度的奥陶系海相烃源岩,采用热压模拟实验方法系统研究其二次生烃规律.研究表...     

广东前汛期月降水异常的强信号研究及预测概念模型

利用NCEP/NCAR再分析资料等较新资料，从500hPa高度场，向外长波辐射（OLR）场，海表温度（SST）场以及表征高，中，低纬大气活动特征的14个大气环流指数四个方面，较为系统地研究广东前汛期月降水异常的前期信号，形成预测概念模型，为月降水的量级（即旱、涝，正常）预测提供多方面的信息和实用的预报工具。     

广东热带气旋年际变化的小波分析

利用《台风年鉴》资料，分析了1951－1999年登陆或严重影响广东的热带气旋的年频数和初旋登陆日期的气候规律。除了利用一般的统计方法以外，还利用近年来分析时间序列比较新的方法，即小波分析。通过对MHAT和MORLET两个小波函数进行分析，分析比较了两个不同小波在其他条件相同情况下的变换结果，分析指出MORLET小波的方差能够比较好的显示出主要的周期，周期－时间序列图可以体现出在各个时段的主要影响周期，MORLET的周期－时间序列图与原序列相比，有较小的飘移现象：MHAT小波虽然没有这种飘移现象，但是其方差的高频部分掩盖了主要周期，使得主要周期与MORLET小波相比方差没有那么明显。同时对放大因子a的两种不同取法做了比较，发现利用a取为2的指数的方法选取a比一般连续的选取a在方差上更能体现主要的周期。年频数的初旋日期的周期分析发现周期分析提取的主要周期与小波变换后得到的主要周期类似。