等幅疲劳三参数P—S—N曲线族最优拟合法

对于给定的等幅疲劳成组试验数据 ,利用三参数幂函数方程来描述P -S -N等幅曲线。通过线性拟合相关系数的最优化来确定其中三个系数 ,采用割线法进行最优化求解。该方法具有迭代收敛快、拟合精度高的特点     

First record of Bonnemaisonia hamifera (Bonnemaisoniales,Rhodophyta) in the South Pacific,from the South Island of New Zealand

ABSTRACT

The tetrasporophytic ‘Trailliella’ stage of the red algal genus Bonnemaisonia is reported for the first time from the Southern Hemisphere. Here we describe a bloom of the tetrasporophyte of B. hamifera from the mouth of the Waikouaiti River, Karitāne, South Island, where it occurred as thousands of free-floating tufts up to 1?cm wide in shallow water, accumulated in windrows on sand banks and beaches, and in the water column at depths of 10–12?m on the adjacent open coast. Gametophytic stages have not yet been found in New Zealand. The material collected to date is strictly vegetative, and reproduction occurs via fragmentation. The identity of the New Zealand samples as B. hamifera was confirmed by both morphology and rbcL sequencing. The abundance and floating dispersal of B. hamifera suggests that it is invasive and will become widely distributed in New Zealand.     

间隔取液法延长化学镀镍液寿命的研究

研究了通过间隔取液法延长化学镀镍液使用寿命的技术,通过孔隙率试验测定镀层耐孔蚀性能。结果表明,间隔取液法可以有效地延长镀液的使用寿命,镀液中有害离子Na ,SO42-,HPO3-的临界浓度分别为1.99,0.626和0.486mol/L。当取液量>11%时,镀液中的有害离子均不超过其临界浓度,镀液可以循环使用。     

海带属褐藻生物学研究成就与进展

以海带(Laminaria ja ponica Aresch)为重点，综述了海带属褐藻生物学研究成就，介绍了海带属褐藻遗传育种技术、育苗技术和分子生物学研究进展。海带属褐藻生物学研究基础好，种质资源丰富，经济、生态价值高，是进行大型海藻遗传学和基因组学研究的理想材料。     

Investigation of Allowable Stresses for Fatigue Design of Fixed Offshore Platforms

Fatigue design method is usually used for estimating whether a platform structure meets the requirements of fatigue resistance. It is described in API RP-2A and ZC rules for fixed offshore platforms, in which the allowable stresses for fatigue design are defined. In this paper discussed are the allowable stresses related factors, such as wave climate, structural response, fatigue behaviour of structural members.     

紫菜属生活史和繁殖方式多样性的研究进展

综述了紫菜属种间以及种内的生活史多样性和繁殖方式多样性，以及减数分裂发生位置和性别形成等相关方面的研究进展；旨在加深和完善对紫菜属生活史和繁殖方式的认识，并推动近年来受本领域关注的对生活史多样性的形成机制的研究及其在育种实践中的应用。     

Bestimmung von Umweltqualitätsnormen für potenziell gewässerrelevante Stoffe

With the Water Framework Directive (WFD) the European Commission (EC) is requested to define environmental quality standards for pollutants to protect aquatic life in surface waters. Quality standards have to be derived by a scientific risk assessment and should not be exceeded. The recommended quality standards are mainly based on long term toxicological tests with algae, crustaceans and fish. The lowest effect concentration is divided by an assessment factor between 10 and 1000, which considers the data quality and quantity. In this work funded by the German Länder Working Party on Water (Länderarbeitsgemeinschaft Wasser – LAWA) environmental quality standards for 40 considered relevant substances were derived for aquatic ecosystems. The data sheets cover the identification of the compounds, their behaviour in the environment (physical‐chemical properties, biotic and abiotic degradation, sorption, bioaccumulation), information about mode of action, uses, analytical determination and available quality criteria. Ecotoxicological effect concentrations for bacteria, algae, protozoa, aquatic plants, crustaceans, fish, amphibians, insects and molluscs are listed. For 17 of the 40 hazardous substances investigated, quality objectives above 1 μg/L were derived. For 12 substances the values were between 0.1 μg/L and 1 μg/L and for 5 substances lower than 0.1 μg/L. Incomplete ecotoxicological data sets of the remaining compounds do not allow the derivation of quality standards. Especially for drugs further ecotoxicological test results are needed.     

Model of Probabilistic Prediction for Life Loss

I.INTRODUCTION A great deal of 1ife lOSS data from the strong earthquakes.especially the total deathtoll in eachstrong shock,has been accumulated in some densely populated areas.In the record ofthe injuries anddeaths from earthquakas,the death mark iS easier to be judged SO that Bhth(1978)suggested chat thedeathtoll would be used as a mark of the level of the earthquake destruction.He considered that insome cases.the deathtoll of life would be more effective than the destruction number…     

Seismic energy dissipation in deteriorating systems through low‐cycle fatigue

Energy dissipation characteristics of structural members which exhibit both strength and stiffness deterioration under imposed displacement reversals are investigated. In the experimental part, 17 reinforced concrete beam specimens were tested under constant and variable amplitude inelastic displacement cycles. The constant‐amplitude tests were employed to determine the low‐cycle fatigue behaviour of specimens where the imposed displacement amplitude was the major variable. A two‐parameter fatigue model was developed in order to express the variation of dissipated energy with the number of displacement cycles. This model was then used to predict the energy dissipation of test specimens subjected to variable‐amplitude displacement cycles simulating severe seismic excitations. It has been demonstrated that the remaining energy dissipation capacity in a forthcoming displacement cycle is dependent on the energy dissipated along the completed displacement path. Moreover, it is observed that total energy dissipation is dependent on the length of the displacement path. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.