龙永煤田危机矿山资源接替的几种勘探模式

通过龙永煤田现有煤矿状况调查分析发现：许多矿井已步入“花甲之年”，接近矿井服务年限。为了保障我省能源安全，应当采用有效勘探方法，方能使它们“返老还童”。研究发现危机矿山延长服务年限的几种勘探模式是：其一为扩大（延伸）勘探模式；其二为小型井田（块段）勘探模式；其三为资料分析研究模式。经探采对比发现，采用这三种勘探模式后，产生了巨大的经济效益，使一大批老矿井青春再度焕发。     

天津市地震经济损失模型和生命损失模型的预测研究

文中主要探讨了由地震引起的天津市经济损失和生命损失的预测问题。首先阐述了天津市震害预测的 5个背景特点 :建筑物特点、地质条件特点、建筑场地划分特点、基本设防烈度特点以及地震烈度衰减关系特点 ,根据这 5个特点将天津市划分为含有 7种建筑结构形式的 4个区域的震害预测模式。在此基础上 ,分析了天津市地震经济损失模型和生命损失模型 ,考虑了时间因素 ,然后与1976年唐山大地震的实际震害结果进行了对比及修正 ,给出了天津市 4个区域的建筑物地震经济损失率模型、社会财富损失率模型和建筑物毁坏率模型 ,并给出了计算天津市建筑物地震经济损失、天津市国内生产总值GDP地震经济损失和天津市地震生命损失的表达式 ;最后 ,将天津市地区划分为2 85 8个震害评估单元 ,以近百年来在天津市区域内曾经发生的最大地震作为假想地震 ,预测分析了天津市建筑物地震经济损失分布和地震生命损失分布结果     

略论目标规划及交互方法在小康示范村规划中的实践--以西藏贡嘎县沃拉村为例

建设全面小康社会是我国本世纪头20年的核心内容,目前已经有越来越多的人加入到这一研究领域中,该领域的规划研究工作正在逐渐加强。本文以西藏贡嘎县沃拉村为例,介绍了目标规划及交互方法小康示范村规划中的实践,讨论了规划的过程、建模方法及模型的精度等问题,认为在研究人员的指导下,由村民学习并建模的方法是今后小康村规划的发展方向。     

现代区域开发的矿产资源需求生命周期研究及意义

矿产资源是社会经济发展的重要物质基础，受社会经济和科学技术发展的限制，各类矿产资源的需求存在着从初始，增长，停滞和衰落的周期性变化以及明显的空间分嘏差异。     

THE LIFE-CYCLE OF MINERAL CONSUMPTION IN REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT AND ITS IMPLICATION

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ZP-1型钻杆疲劳试验台

简述了ＺＰ－１型钻杆疲劳试验台的试验原理、主要技术性能参数和设计指导思想，并着重介绍了试验台机械传动系统和加载系统的组成、设计要点及试验台的试验情况。     

正确使用X—CT球管的技术探讨

本文报道了我院连续六只Ｘ－ＣＴ球管的使用情况。寿命最长的曝光达３５８３００秒，而最短的只有１３５０００秒，其主要原因是缺乏正确地使用和维护知识，要想延长球管使用寿命，首先需加强对使用人员的专业素质训练，其次，在保证图像质量的前提下，降低ｍＡｓ；第三，保持扫描室恒业的温湿度；第四，定期检查球管的冷却散热系统。     

Evidence for freeze–thaw events and their implications for rock weathering in northern Canada

Discussions regarding weathering in cold environments generally centre on mechanical processes and on the freeze–thaw mechanism in particular. Despite the almost ubiquitous assumption of freeze–thaw weathering, unequivocal proof of interstitial rock water actually freezing and thawing is singularly lacking. Equally, many studies have used the crossing of 0 °C, or values close to that, as the basis for determining the number of ‘freeze–thaw events’. In order to assess the weathering regime at a site in northern Canada, temperatures were collected at the surface, 1 cm and 3 cm depth for sets of paving bricks, with exposures both vertical and at 45°, orientated to the four cardinal directions. Temperature data were collected at 1 min intervals for 1 year. These data provide unequivocal proof for the occurrence of the freezing and thawing of water on and within the rock (freeze–thaw events). The freeze event is evidenced by the exotherm associated with the release of latent heat as the water actually freezes. This is thought to be the ?rst record of such events from a ?eld situation. More signi?cantly, it was found that the temperature at which freezing occurred varied signi?cantly through the year and that on occasion the 1 cm depth froze prior to the rock surface. The change in freeze temperature is thought to be due to the chemical weathering of the material (coupled with on‐going salt inputs via the melting of snowfall), which, it is shown, could occur throughout the winter despite air temperatures down to ?30 °C. This ?nding regarding chemical weathering is also considered to be highly signi?cant. A number of thermal stress events were also recorded, suggesting that rock weathering in cold regions is a synergistic combination of various chemical and mechanical weathering mechanisms. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

地球系统科学与成矿学研究

在简述地球系统科学的基础上 ,文中提出了由地球系统科学引发的成矿学研究 3个观点 :(1 )成矿系统是一个特色的地质系统 ;(2 )成矿系统与其它系统的关联 ;(3)地质突发事件具有灾害和资源的两重性。针对地球系统科学要求和矿床学学科发展进程 ,提出了 5个亟待加强的研究领域或课题 :(1 )深部过程、浅表环境与成矿系统 ;(2 )重大事件与成矿 ;(3)生命活动与成矿 ;(4 )物理成矿作用和(5 )海洋成矿作用。在结语中 ,作者强调要从地球系统的大背景来研究成矿环境、成矿过程和成矿动力学 ,也即将传统的矿床成因研究提高到地球系统科学的层次 ,为矿床学的发展提供新的广阔的理论基础。     

Modelling load–displacement response of driven piles in cohesionless soils under tensile loading

A new methodology for deriving the uplift load–displacement response of long driven piles in cohesionless soils is proposed. This method accounts for the effects of the friction fatigue processes during pile driving and the existence of locked-in residual stresses at the end of pile driving before commencing the pile load test. A hyperbolic formulation is utilized to simulate the nonlinear load transfer curves (the so-called t–z curves). The utility of this technique is demonstrated for a field pullout load test on a driven pile in sand. Predicted and measured load–displacement curves showed good agreement, indicating that this approach yields reasonable results as long as representative input parameters are employed.