影响水化学找金发展的因素及其进一步研究

本文分析了影响水化学找金发展的因素。对天然水中金的分离富集、分析技术、水化学金异常解释评价途径及水化学找金的应用等问题,提出了进一步研究的意见。     

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????????·????????????????GPS???ж?????????????????????η???????????????С????????????EMD????????????????????μ?????????????????EMD??Wavelet????????????????????????е?????????С????????EMD?????????????н???EMD?????????????????????????????????????С???Wavelet??Kalman?????Kalman?????EMD?????EMD??Wavelet??????????????????????С????????????????????????????EMD??Wavelet?????GPS??????μ??????????????????     

STUDY ON THE MAIN CLIMATE MODES OF SHANDONG PRECIPITATION AND THEIR RELATIONS WITH THE EAST ASIAN WESTERLY JET

Summer precipitation patterns of Shandong Province are relatively independent with regard to the whole eastern China region.To study the rules and causes of precipitation variations,three main climate modes-on the annual,seasonal,and climatic intra-seasonal oscillation(CISO) scales-are extracted using a harmonic analysis method based on daily precipitation of Shandong during 1965-2009 and multi-year averaged pentad precipitation at 722 stations in China during 1971-2000.Among the three precipitation climate modes,the annual mode is closely related to the annual cycle of Earth-Atmosphere thermal system,which is characterized by the periodic dry and wet seasons.The seasonal mode reflects the monsoon effect on precipitation and the main flood season’s contribution to annual precipitation variations.As an important climatic signal,the CISO mode is more evident during summer monsoon.The gradual modulations of the CISO mode,seasonal mode,and annual mode control the annual variation of precipitation.To study the relationship between precipitation climate modes and atmospheric circulations,an East Asian Westerly Jet Index(EAWJI) is defined in this paper.It is revealed that precipitation of Shandong is closely related to EAWJI in all climate modes.A wet or dry phase of each climate mode corresponds to a specific atmospheric circulation pattern.The phase of the annual mode is reverse to that of EAWJI.During the wet phase of the seasonal mode(weak phase of EAWJI),the atmospheric circulation in and around Shandong is characterized by upper-level divergence and low-level convergence.A reversed atmospheric circulation exists for the dry phase(strong phase for EAWJI).In the summer wet phase of CISO mode(strong phase of EAWJI),Shandong is controlled by upper-level divergence and low-level convergence.Again,the dry phase is corresponding to a reversed circulation structure.The methodology employed in this research,i.e.studying the precipitation climatic variations in terms of independent components of different temporal scales,provides a new approach for annual and seasonal precipitation prediction.     

东亚-北太平洋副热带海气耦合模态及其对降水的影响

利用53年的NCEP/NCAR再分析资料和英国气象局Hadley气候预测和研究中心的海表面温度资料,使用SVD方法研究了东亚-北太平洋地区表层海温(SST)异常与大气环流异常间的主要耦合模态.分析结果表明,中纬度北太平洋地区存在两种主要的海-气耦合模态,第一模态是海温异常分布的纬向型,第二模态主要表现为经向海温差异分布.两种空间耦合模态共同反映出中纬度北太平洋地区大气和海洋的异常中心有很强的局地耦合性.在第一模态的正(负)异常年,东亚-北太平洋地区主要为负(正)的降水异常,在第二模态的正(负)异常年,东亚和北太平洋的大部分地区出现降水正(负)异常,北美西岸及以西的部分区域出现降水的负(正)异常.两个模态所对应的降水差异显示,海气耦合模态的循环变化有利于形成我国降水分布南北差异的改变.     

以实践为导向的地理信息系统“逆向”教学模式

地理信息系统（GIS）和城市规划有着天然的联系,前者是后者进行空间分析、决策支持的重要工具,也是后者日常业务信息化的技术平台。本文作者在城市规划专业的GIS教学中,采用了以实践为导向的教学模式,主要采取三方面的措施：①设计了一系列和实践有密切联系的练习;②这些练习主要靠学生课余独立完成;③原理讲课安排在练习之后,内容精炼,适当回顾练习。上述三项措施经多年摸索、改进而形成,在不增加课内总学时的条件下,自主应用的能力逐年增强,知识面也得到扩展。     

Modes of Occurrence and Geological Origin of Beryllium in Coals from the Pu''''an Coalfield, Guizhou, Southwest China

The concentration, modes of occurrence and geological origin of beryllium in five workable coal beds from the Pu'an Coalfield of Guizhou were studied using the inductively coupled-plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), floating and sinking experiments (FSE) and sequential chemical extraction procedures (SCEP). The results show that the average concentration of beryllium in coals from the Pu'an Coalfield is 1.54μg/g, much lower than that in most Chinese and worldwide coals. Beryllium in the Pu'an coals was not significantly enriched. However, it should be noted that the No. 8 coal bed from the study area has a high concentration of beryllium, 6.89μg/g, three times higher than the background value of beryllium in coal. Beryllium in coal mainly occurs as organic association and has predominantly originated from coal-forming plants when its concentration is relatively low. The concentration of beryllium occurring as organic association is close to that distributed in inorganic matter when beryllium concentration of coal is similar to its background value, and in addition to coal-forming plants, beryllium is mainly derived from detrital materials of terrigenous origin. When beryllium is anomalously enriched in coal, it mainly occurs as organic association and is derived from volcanic tonsteins leached for a long geological time and then adsorbed by organic matter in peat mire.     

CAPPS3模式在福州市预报效果检验

对2009年7月至2010年6月区域空气质量数值预报模式CAPPS3在福州市的应用进行效果检验,分析各季节CAPPS3预报福州市3种污染物SO₂、NO₂和PM₁₀的等级预报准确率、转折性天气预报准确率与监测值的相关系数以及综合评分。结果表明：夏秋季节CAPPS3模式3种污染物等级预报准确率较高,冬季NO₂和春季PM₁₀的等级预报准确率较低,错误等级预报多数偏高;转折性天气预报准确率夏秋季最高,春季最低,模式对天气形势的变化反应不灵敏,特别是污染物浓度突变时,预报能力较差,当天气形势稳定时,预报效果较好;浓度预报值较监测值有偏大和滞后的缺点;相关系数及综合评分结果夏秋季最高,春季最低。CAPPS3总体预报效果较好,可提供有价值的指导预报,适合业务运行。     

陕西山阳县黑色岩系中中村—银花钒矿床地质特征

秦岭黑色岩系中带的钒矿构成超大型规模,中村-银花钒矿是大型钒矿的典型代表,产于下寒武统水沟口组中段硅质板岩-泥板岩-粘土质泥板岩岩性转换过渡层位中.矿石根据岩性划分为硅板岩型、粘土质泥板岩型和硅质泥板岩型3种类型.矿层延长及厚度稳定,V2O5品位为0.70%～1.17%.研究查明,钒与粘土质、泥质板岩密切相关,钒在粘土泥板岩中相对富集.钒与铝、钾、铁存在较密切的地球化学共生关系.钒以钒酸盐、磷酸盐及吸附状态存在于高岭石、水云母中.研究认为,含钒黑色岩系是扬子大陆向华北大陆俯冲启动下,于早寒武世扬子大陆北缘斜坡出现在拉伸裂谷式沉积环境,发育滞留深水环境下的炭-泥-灰-重晶石-硅质含钒沉积建造,含钒的炭质硅板岩-炭质泥板岩层具有热水沉积产物的特征.     

华南弧形海岸岸线形态与地貌发育模式

Coastline configuration indexes of 34 typical arc-shaped coasts in South China are investigated by the method of principal component analysis, and meanwhile deposition and geomorphologic features of arc-shaped coast are also analyzed. The results show: (1) The configuration of arc-shaped coast in South China is of the characteristic of variability and complexity. (2) The wave power and the openings of the bay are the decisive factors to result in the changes of the configuration of the arc-shaped coast in South China, however, incidence direction of the wave has no effect on configuration development of the coast. (3) Commonly, geomorphologic modes of the arc-shaped coast system in South China consist of barriers, lagoons and tidal-inlets, and can be divided into four types:the openings of the bay leaning to the east, the openings of the bay leaning to the south, the openings of the bay leaning to the west and the openings of the bay leaning to the north.     

HHT方法在受城市轨道交通干扰地电场观测数据中的应用

较为详细地介绍了希尔伯特-黄变换方法,并将该方法中的经验模态分解功能和边际谱功能应用于受城市轨道交通干扰较大的北京市通州区西集镇地电场台站的观测资料中,对城市轨道交通在地电场观测中的影响进行了分析研究.结果表明,在地电场观测台站受到轨道交通干扰时,布极方位与轨道方向一致的测道所记录的数据受到的影响最大;利用经验模态分解...