黄河河口拦门沙发育动态

河口拦门沙发育主要取决于河口边界、径流、海洋动力、海面增减水以及河口疏浚等环境要素的相互作用。拦门沙在口门附近呈扇状分布隆起的沙坝,沉积结构为紧密的“铁板沙”.1984-1987年拦门沙自然发育时期,拦门沙长度为7km以上,年平均推进速度1.30km,沙顶高程为-0.1-0.5m;1988-1992年拦门沙人为疏浚发育时期,通过河口疏浚后,拦门沙增长有所减缓,其长度减为4-6km,年平均推进速度降为1.26km,沙顶平均高程下降到-0.7m,相应地减轻了河口地区的防洪压力。     

基于双视角竞争态与亲景度中国入境旅游客源市场分析

利用市场竞争态与亲景度构建综合评价模型,分析1998~2000年和2009~2011年两个时段中国入境旅游客源市场及其变化。结果发现：（1）1998~2000年美国等为明星市场,日本为金牛市场,印度等为幼童市场,英国等为瘦狗市场。（2）2009~2011年新加坡等为明星市场,韩国等为金牛市场,印度等为幼童市场,瑞典等为瘦狗市场。（3）受空间距离的影响,强亲景市场比较稳定,弱亲景、弱疏景、强疏景3种市场则有可能发生较大变化。（4）经过10年的发展明星市场和幼童市场数量保持不变,金牛市场增加到3个,瘦狗市场减少到3个,客源市场逐步壮大,入境旅游市场发展良好。     

13C示踪技术在利玛原甲藻中腹泻性贝毒合成研究的应用

选取具有显著产毒差异的利玛原甲藻(Prorocentrum lima) SHG株与2XS株为研究对象,以2-¹³C-甘氨酸为示踪原料结合高分辨质谱方法,为腹泻性贝类毒素及其酯化态毒素合成与代谢途径的研究提供新方法和思路。结果表明,两株藻共发现16种腹泻性贝毒及其酯化态毒素成分。对照培养条件下SHG株(大田软海绵酸毒素含量为7.88 pg/cell,鳍藻毒素1含量为4.35 pg/cell)的产毒能力高于2XS株(大田软海绵酸毒素5.70pg/cell),而甘氨酸作为氮源培养条件可显著提高两株藻的产毒总量(P<0.05)。¹³C-甘氨酸标记组与甘氨酸培养组单细胞产毒量无显著变化(P>0.05)。腹泻性贝毒被标记后其同位素异构体丰度发生变化,其中酯化态受¹³C标记的影响程度更高,二级质谱图清晰表示出其碎片离子及脱水峰的标记情况。该方法直观阐明了甘氨酸可作为P. lima标记原料的产毒供体,并使用稳定同位素标记方法首次实现了酯化态的同步标记,有助于腹泻性贝毒生成机制的进一步研究。     

“城市区域”主义下的中国区域治理模式重构——珠三角城际铁路的实证

中国的区域治理模式长期以来呈现出阶段性演化的特征。特别是近些年,传统省-市分层设权的权力组织关系被动态的、反复连续性的博弈所取代。本研究借助政治经济学与人文地理学关于“国家空间再中心化”及组织社会学者的“行政发包制”理论,立足区域基础设施项目,即“珠三角城际铁路网”展开实证,系统分析其规划、建设及运营过程。并聚焦其中的事权与财权动态演变过程,解析省政府的角色定位和省市关系的演变等两大关键问题,揭示中国城市区域治理重构的内在逻辑。研究发现：一方面,省政府的角色定位由“分包商”和“协调者”逐渐转变为协调与发展并重的新角色定位;同时,省市关系由结构化的“行政发包”转化为多轮协商的动态博弈连续体。     

Properties of iron at the Earth's core conditions

Summary. The phase diagram of iron up to 330 GPa is solved using the experimental data of static high pressure (up to 11 GPa) and the experimental data of shock wave data (up to 250 GPa). A solution for the highest triple point is found ( P = 280 GPa and T = 5760 K) by imposing the thermodynamic constraints of triple points. This pressure of the triple point is less than the pressure of the inner core–outer core boundary of the Earth. These results indicate that the density of iron at the inner core–outer core boundary pressure is close to 13 g cm⁻³, which lies close to the seismic solutions of the Earth at that pressure. It is thus concluded that the Earth's inner core is very likely to be virtually pure iron in its hexagonal close packed (hcp) phase.
It is shown that four properties of the Earth's inner core determined from seismology are close in value to the corresponding properties of hcp iron at inner core conditions: density, bulk modulus, longitudinal velocity, and Poisson's ratio. The density–pressure profile of hcp iron at inner core conditions matches the density–pressure profile of the inner core as determined by seismic methods, within the spread of values given by recent seismic models.
This indicates that the Earth is slowly cooling, the Earth's inner core is growing by crystallization, and the impurities of the core are concentrated in the outer core. The calculated temperature at the Earth's centre is 6450 K.     

岩石受力状态对弹性波传播速度影响的初步研究

岩石所受的三向应力状态对其弹性波传播性质有一定的影响，此认识为所做的以泥质砂岩、泥岩和硅质胶结的坚硬砂岩为试样的实验所证实。为保证岩石中存在微隙，对部分试样还作了高温预热处理。实验结果表明，泥质砂岩和泥岩的Ｖ＿ｐ／Ｖ＿ｓ值几乎保持不变，但坚硬砂岩的Ｖ＿ｐ／Ｖ＿ｓ值曲线却在应力达破坏荷载的９０％左右时出现下凹现象，经热处理的硬砂岩的这一下凹现象则更突出。     

Emerging Asias: Transnational Forces,Developmental States,and “Asian Values”

Discussions of East Asian developmental states and Asian values discourse have been deformed by national-territorial frameworks that limit scholars' ability to highlight transnational phenomena. Such limits can be overcome by adopting a “Pacificist” perspective, one that highlights the transnational collaborative efforts of Pacific ruling class members, from both Asia and the United States. Such a Pacificist approach has the virtue of highlighting phenomena of transnational class formation that help account for the emergence of both developmental states in East Asia and Asian values discourse, and it also suggested the importance of attending to other kinds of emerging actors in Asian development politics, such as labor and democracy movements.     

河北中关矽卡岩铁矿床钴元素分布规律与沉淀机制研究及意义

河北中关铁矿是“邯邢式”矽卡岩铁矿的代表矿床,本文将中关铁矿床成矿过程划分为5个阶段：干矽卡岩阶段、湿矽卡岩阶段、氧化物阶段、铁铜硫化物阶段和铅锌硫化物阶段。对湿矽卡岩阶段、氧化物阶段和铁铜硫化物阶段的金属矿物（包括黄铁矿、磁铁矿、赤铁矿等）开展电子探针测试,并且对这三个成矿阶段的代表性磁铁矿进行LA-ICP-MS微量元素测试,旨在查明中关铁矿床中Co的赋存状态以及在矿床不同成矿阶段的分布规律,探讨Co元素迁移演化-沉淀机制。研究结果表明,Co主要以类质同象的形式存在于黄铁矿中。不同成矿阶段的Co元素分布不均匀,氧化物阶段黄铁矿和磁铁矿中的Co含量最高,分别为0.12%~1.39%、41×10-6~76×10-6;铁铜硫化物阶段黄铁矿大量出现,且Co含量相对较高,为BDL~0.45%,同时期条带状磁铁矿为32×10-6~71×10-6,故此阶段为Co元素最主要的富集阶段。湿矽卡岩阶段为较高温、弱氧化条件,氧化物阶段温度逐渐降低,氧逸度增加,Co可能主要以CoCl42?形式络合迁移;铁铜硫化物阶段温度进一步降低,但还原性增加,Co可能主要以CoCl42?和Co(HS)+形式络合迁移。温度降低以及氧化还原条件的变化可能是控制Co沉淀的重要因素。     

含沙浑水体的黏度测量及应用分析

含沙浑水体的高速冲击会对海底构筑物造成破坏,在计算浑水体对构筑物的作用力时,黏度是一项重要参数。本文利用落球试验和流变仪测试试验,测定了不同浓度含沙浑水体的黏度,给出其起始黏度与动力作用后的稳定黏度。结果表明:含沙量在大于400g/L时,浑水体为可用赫巴模型描述的非牛顿流体,并可简化为宾汉体;在含沙量小于400g/L时,浑水体仍可用宾汉体模型描述,在忽略较小的初始剪切应力时,可简化为牛顿流体。浓度大于400g/L的浑水体的起始黏度约为稳定黏度的100倍。文中讨论了含沙浑水体起始黏度与稳定黏度在工程计算应用中的适用情况。     

The Petrology and Mineralogy Analysis of Noble Metal Alloys in the Inclusions of a Chondrite: An Implication on the Evolution of the Solar Nebula

The calcium-aluminium-rich inclusions (CAIs) in chondrites are believed to be the most early solids formed in the solar system, and retain the original information of the early solar nebula. However, in-depth researches revealed that most inclusions had experienced a complex history of evolution, including partial melting and secondary alteration. Focused on the refractory and chemically stable noble metal particles in the CAI of a CV meteorite (NWA 2140), a study of astrochemistry is made in this paper. The petrology and mineralogy analysis as well as the composition determination have been made on the noble metal particles. Based on the result of composition analysis, the thermodynamic process experienced by the CAI is inferred, and two kinds of noble metal alloys are identified, which correspond to the early-stage condensation products and the secondary alteration products of primordial metals, respectively.