MZ150型锚杆钻机的工业性试验

ＭＺ－１５０型锚杆钻机是针对我国锚杆施工市场需求而设计的一种小型全液压钻机。通过长螺旋钻进,冲击挤密钻进及风动冲击回转钻进３种钻进工艺方法的工业性试验证明,其各项技术参数达到了设计要求,完全适合于我国锚固工程施工要求。     

河谷区路堑高边坡的病害分析及防护措施

依托元江至蔓耗高速公路(红河段)项目,对红河县境内具有代表性的深挖路堑高边坡病害产生的原因进行分析,通过对路堑高边坡工点现场调研及理论分析,得出了路堑高边坡破坏的原因及影响因素,并对路堑高边坡病害进行有效的防护措施,且取得了很好的防护效果。其工程经验可对类似路堑高边坡破坏分析及防护提供参考价值。     

皖南山区高路堑边坡的综合处理

主要介绍皖南山区采用浆砌片石护坡、支撑渗沟、喷射混凝土锚杆、浆砌片石护面墙等方法联合加固公路深路堑边坡的成功经验.     

Influence of overburden pressure and soil rigidity on uplift behavior of square plate anchor in uniform clay

A numerical study incorporating three-dimensional Eulerian large deformation finite element analyses is performed to investigate the pullout process of horizontal square plate anchors in both hypothetical weightless soil and soil with self-weight. The validity of the numerical model is established through verification against published experimental and numerical results. The failure mechanisms during the pullout process under different conditions are then investigated. Three types of failure mechanism are observed; of which only two have been reported in the literature. The third mechanism identified in this study, which is a partially localized flow mechanism, is operative when the soil overburden ratio is not high enough to mobilize the full flow mechanism. The influence of soil self-weight is directly investigated by incorporating the density of the soil in the finite element model and maintaining the gravitational acceleration field throughout the analysis. The critical overburden ratio corresponding to the full transition to a localized plastic flow mechanism is identified in this study. The effect of the soil rigidity index (E/s_u) on the anchor uplift capability has not been systematically investigated in earlier studies. Contrary to the general failure mechanism and the full flow mechanism described in the literature, the capacity factor corresponding to this new mechanism increases with increasing E/s_u. The capacity factors for square plate anchors corresponding to different anchor embedment ratios, overburden ratios and E/s_u are provided in the form of design charts.     

用机械阻抗法确定作业井架地锚桩的极限承载力

由于油田井下作业井架为一两腿落地的空间钢架结构,需要用绷绳作支撑,所以用于固定油田井下作业井架绷绳的地锚桩,其抗拔极限承载力的研究与确定对保证井下作业安全至关重要。本文用机械阻抗法对井下作业系统中地锚桩的极限抗拔载荷进行了测试与研究。采用瞬态激励法,用变时基技术分别测试了4种规格尺寸的油管桩和一种规格尺寸的水泥桩在瞬态激励下的速度信号,进行变时基传函分析得出动刚度,确定了极限承载力。结果分析表明,在大庆油田粘性土使用条件下,水泥桩的极限抗拔拉力很大,完全可以满足井下作业需要;不同尺寸油管桩的极限抗拔拉力差异较大,井下作业时应使用2．5m以上长度的油管桩。     

充气膨胀控制锚杆的研制与试验

现有充气锚杆构造存在着承载力小、气囊易爆破、无法在工程中应用等缺点。通过对充气锚杆的气囊增加保护用的端挡板、侧护板等措施,分别发明了带端挡板的充气锚杆和带侧护板的充气锚杆;又在锚杆的构造中增设挤土钢板,改变了锚杆的传力途径,研制出管片式充气膨胀控制锚杆,具有承载力大、性能稳定、可完全回收等特点,整体构造更加简单实用。对这3种锚杆分别进行了室内外黏土层的足尺试验,管片式充气锚杆的最大充气压力可以达到0.6 MPa,是现有充气锚杆的5倍,锚固段每米极限承载能力最大达到40 kN,是现有充气锚杆的60倍;同时推导验证了管片式充气膨胀控制锚杆的承载力计算公式,使得该类锚杆的工程应用成为可能。     

锚杆对双排桩结构变形和受力影响分析

采用适用于敏感环境下基坑数值分析的硬化类弹塑性本构模型,针对锚杆对双排桩变形和受力的影响进行数值模拟。分析表明：锚固角度的增加能有效减小双排桩的最大水平位移和后排桩的桩身控制弯矩,但减小幅度随锚固角度增大而减小;在实际设计中,在周边环境允许的条件下,应尽可能增加锚杆与后排桩的夹角。锚固力的增加对双排桩结构的变形控制作用明显,能显著降低桩身最大水平位移,减小幅度也随锚固力的增加而减小;锚固力较大时会增大桩的控制弯矩,使桩的截面或配筋增加;在实际设计中,锚固力不应过大,可随信息化施工对基坑变形进行主动控制。     

室内定位中锚节点位置的协作式估计

在许多基于测距的室内定位研究中假设锚节点的位置事先已知在实际应用中是不成立的,需要在提供定位服务之前确定锚节点的位置。针对能否获得锚节点之间距离的两种情况,提出了一种利用若干位置已知的采样点及位置未知的采样点对室内锚节点位置进行协作式估计的方法,并对其估计方差的克拉美劳界进行分析。仿真结果证明了该方法的有效性。     

利用共线方程对空间实验室影象进行数字几何纠正

本文论述了利用共线方程对空间实验室影象实施数字几何纠正的理论依据、数据准备、外方位元素解求过程中参量的确定及锚点纠正法的可行性和纠正精度,提出了纠正过程中几个必须注意的环节,以提高精度,缩短机时。同时还介绍了自编软件包的组成。     

Three-dimensional analysis of vertical square anchor plate in cohesionless soil

ABSTRACT

Vertical anchor plates are often provided to increase the performance of various geotechnical engineering structures such as sheet pile walls, bulkheads, bridge abutments and offshore structures. Hence, the safe design of such structures needs a better understanding of the 3D behaviour of the anchor plate. This paper presents and discusses the results obtained from a series of 3D finite-difference analyses of vertical square anchor plate embedded in cohesionless soil. The 3D model is found to closely predict experimental pullout load–displacement relationship. The failure mechanism observed in the numerical model is found to be very similar to the failure reported in experimental studies. For a given embedment depth, the stiffness of the breakout factor–displacement response substantially reduces with increase in anchor plate size. However, the ultimate reduction in anchor capacity is found to approximately 8% with an increase in anchor size from 0.1 to 1 m. Numerical analysis reveals that at deeper embedment depth, the friction angle of sand is the critical parameter in enhancing the performance of anchor plate. The obtained 3D model results are then compared with the published results and are found to be reasonably in good agreement with each other.