直接数字频率合成技术在声学释放器中的应用

直接数字频率合成技术(DDS)是一种新的频率合成方法,它具有转换时间短、相位变化连续、全数字可编程等优点.文中介绍了ADI公司生产的AD7008芯片作为频率信号源在声学释放器中的应用.     

中子活化测井在萤石矿勘探中应用效果

本文简要叙述了中子活化测井原位测定萤石矿(CaF_2)含量的原理及方法技术,以及在两个萤石矿区试生产的成果实例。并着重指出: 1.该方法适用于各种不同类型的萤石矿。选择F作为CaF_2的特征指示元素,在萤石矿无其它元素干扰,方法反映单解。 2.工作证明:该方法可防止由于岩矿心破碎造成的地质取心中漏失的矿体,发现地质工作未确定的薄矿层。并能提供CaF_2含量。 3.在取心率很低的钻孔,提供了真实可靠的CaF_2含量和矿层上下顶板确切位置,避免了钻孔报废、取得了良好的经济效益。最后文章指出:该方法的精度、灵敏度和工作效率完全满足生产工作的需要。     

Sensitivity analysis for parameter identification in quasi‐static poroelasticity

This paper is devoted to the formulation of the direct differentiation method and adjoint state method in quasi‐static linear poroelasticity. We derive the strong and weak formulation of both methods and discuss their solutions using the finite element method. The techniques are illustrated and tested on two numerical examples for the case of isotropic and homogeneous material. The presented formulations can be extended to more complex behaviour in poromechanics. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

乌鲁木齐市近30a太阳辐射变化及其成因初探

利用乌鲁木齐市气象站1976—2005年太阳辐射和气象观测资料,分析乌鲁木齐市太阳辐射的变化及其成因。结果是:1990年以前总辐射、直接辐射是减少的,以后是增加的;而散射辐射在1986年之前递增、之后递减。初步认定总云量的减少、低云量的增加以及相对湿度的缓慢下降对太阳辐射变化有重要影响;从太阳辐射变化间接得出:近30a乌鲁木齐市空气污染总体有所减轻。     

大型原位直剪试验设备改进研制与应用

大型原位直剪试验的试样尺寸大,对土体扰动小,是获取岩土体强度参数的有效方法。中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所在参考室内、现场两用大型直剪仪后,又改进研制了一套大型原位剪切设备。与传统原位直剪设备不同,该设备采用上、下两个刚性剪切盒,可完成尺寸为50 cm×50 cm×41 cm,最大粒径为5 cm的原位土体试样的剪切试验。该直剪设备组装方便,采用高精度传感器可自动采集数据,更适合于复杂的现场试验环境。介绍了该设备的结构组成、工作原理、技术优点。结合实例详细介绍了大型原位直剪试验的试验方法及注意事项。将此大型原位直剪设备应用于向家坝库区两个滑坡现场试验,得到了滑坡滑带、滑体的原位抗剪强度参数,分析了不同试样大型原位直剪试验剪切曲线的特点,进一步论证了该直剪设备的优良工作性能。     

大肠杆菌O157:H7的活的非可培养状态

将大肠杆菌 O157:H7培养于低温贫养条件下 ,以涂布平板法 (PC)和最大近似值法(MPN)检测可培养细菌数 ,95～ 115d后表明可培养菌数下降为零。吖啶橙荧光显微镜直接计数法(AODC)检测细菌总数 ,表明细菌总数始终变化不大 ,而活菌直接镜检计数 (DVC)检测到的活菌数保持在 10 6个 / m L。实验证明了大肠杆菌 O157:H7在一定的条件下可进入活的非可培养状态(VBNC)。     

An experimenal analysis for the impact of 2D variation assimilation of satellite data on typhoon track simulation

A series of test simulations are performed to evaluate the impact of satellite-derived meteorological data on numerical typhoon track prediction. Geostationary meteorological satellite (GMS-5) and NOAA‘s TIROS operational vertical sounder (TOVS) observations are used in the experiments. A twodimensional variation assimilation scheme is developed to assimilate the satellite data directly into the Penn State-NCAR nonhydrostatic meteorological model (MM5). Three-dimensional objective analyses fields based on T213 results and routine observations are employed as the background fields of the initialization. The comparisons of the simulated typhoon tracks are also carried out, which correspond respectively to the initialization scheme with two-dimensional variation (2D- Var), three-dimensional observational nudging and direct assimilation of satellite data. It is found that, comparing with the experiments without satellite data assimilation, the first two assimilation schemes lead to significant improvements on typhoon track prediction. Track errors reduce by 18% at 12 h for 2D- Var and from about 16% at 24 h to about 35% at 48 h for observational nudging. The simulated results based on assimilating different kinds of satellite data are also compared.     

拉丁方正交完全系和常用正交表的简捷构造法

本文根据两个同阶拉丁方正交的定义和正交表的定义以及有关的数学理论，编制出拉丁方正交完全系和常用正交表的简捷构造法，提供给实验工作者使用并以此加深对拉丁方设计和正交设计的理解和掌握。设正整数ｍ〉２，本文在以下两种情形分别使用不同的方法构造ｍ阶拉丁方正交完全系：（１）ｍ为质数：以自然顺序的第１列为起点，从第２列开始，在列中依次进行数置换；（２）ｍ为质数幂：首先构造一个特定的标准拉丁方作为起点，然后从第     

Deep-circulation flow at mid-latitude in the western North Pacific

Direct current measurements with five moorings at 27–35°N, 165°E from 1991 to 1993 and with one mooring at 27°N, 167°E from 1989 to 1991 revealed temporal variations of deep flow at mid-latitude in the western North Pacific. The deep-circulation flow carrying the Lower Circumpolar Deep Water from the Southern Ocean passed 33°N, 165°E northwestward with a high mean velocity of 7.8 cm s⁻¹ near the bottom and was stable enough to continue for 4–6 months between interruptions of 1- or 2-months duration. The deep-circulation flow expanded or shifted intermittently to the mooring at 31°N, 165°E but did not reach 35°N, 165°E although it shifted northward. The deep-circulation flow was not detected at the other four moorings, whereas meso-scale eddy variations were prominent at all the moorings, particularly at 35°N and 29°N, 165°E. The characteristics of current velocity and dissolved oxygen distributions led us to conclude that the deep-circulation flow takes a cyclonic pathway after passing through Wake Island Passage, passing 24°N, 169.5–173°E and 30°N, 168–169°E northward, proceeds northwestward around 33°N, 165°E, and goes westward through the south of the Shatsky Rise. We did not find that the deep-circulation flow proceeded westward along the northern side of the Mid-Pacific Seamounts and eastward between the Hess Rise and the Hawaiian Ridge toward the Northeast Pacific Basin.     

直读式流速仪升级的使用维修对策

通过对比、分析国产ＺＳＸ系列直读式流速仪Ⅰ和Ⅱ型显示器的不同之处,介绍它们的兼容方法,使之因仪器升级而被淘汰的流速仪资源被充分地利用。