莺歌海盆地泥-流体底辟带热流体活动对天然气运聚成藏的控制作用

莺歌海盆地是一个在新生代发育起来的南海北部被动大陆边缘的年轻高热盆地, 其高地温场及高大地热流值主要集中于盆地中部坳陷区的泥-流体底辟构造带.因此, 底辟发育演化与热流体上侵活动, 尤其是上新世晚期的热流体活动控制了天然气及CO₂的运聚与成藏特征.同时, 由于热流体上侵活动的分区分块与分层的局部性侵入, 导致了壳源型和壳幔混合型CO₂及烃类气运聚富集的分区分块与分层的局部富集特点.总之, 泥-流体底辟作用中热流体上侵活动是控制天然气尤其是CO₂运聚乃至富集成藏的主导因素, 而壳源型和壳幔混合型CO₂等非烃气与烃类气运聚成藏时间及运聚通道的差异, 则是控制和制约烃类气与非烃气差异运聚及富集成藏的关键.根据本区CO₂等非烃气与烃类气的地化特征及运聚规律, 可以分析和预测其运聚成藏模式, 为天然气勘探部署提供依据.      

递增变质作用中变斑晶形成的时间标志——兼论阿尔泰地区变质带形成顺序

根据变质构造和镜下显微组构的研究,提出了与Zwart,H.J.(1962,1963)的变斑晶包体S形构造成因观点不同的解释。结合包体和基质矿物成分、组构特征建立了递增变质作用中变斑状特征变质矿物形成的相对时间标志。以此确定了阿尔泰变质地带递增变质作用过程中一系列特征变质矿物及其相应的变质带的形成顺序。     

Late Panafrican evolution of the main Hoggar fault zones: Implications of magnetic fabric study in the In Telloukh pluton (Tin Serririne basin, Algeria)

The Late Panafrican evolution of the Hoggar shield is characterized by emplacement of magmatic intrusions and by occurrence of major shear zones separating different terranes. In Telloukh granite is close to the In Guezzam faults (western border of the Tin Serririne basin). Analysis of its visible and magnetic fabrics suggests an emplacement mode and deformation that are not related to the In Guezzam faults, but most likely to a N–S compression, an event not yet identified. Dioritic dykes crosscutting the granite have a very different magnetic fabric, which is related on the contrary to dextral strike-slip movements along the In Guezzam faults. In both cases, no visible fabric can be correlated with the magnetic fabric, which has been likely acquired during late magmatic stages. This magnetic fabric was not significantly affected by the tectonic events that took place after entire crystallization of the magma. The In Guezzam faults and the major 7°30 and 4°50 shear zones are close to intrusions such as In Telloukh dykes and the Alous En Tides and Tesnou plutons where quite similar magnetic fabrics are observed, all related with dextral strike-slip movements along these structures.     

Long-term thermal stability study of the typical embankment along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway in warm permafrost regions北大核心CSCD

Using the long-term ground temperature monitoring data of the permafrost zone along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway from 2006 to 2020,three types of typical roadbed structures were analyzed. Traditional embankment（TE）,U-shaped crushed rock embankment（UCRE）and crushed rock revetment embankment（CRRE）were included the three types of typical roadbed,which were selected to the long-term monitoring sections within the warm permafrost zones. The evolution of ground temperature field,mean annual ground temperature （MAGT）and annual maximum ground temperature（AMGT）in the depth range of 20 m under the embankment were analyzed and studied since 15 years of operation. The monitoring and analysis results show that：the growth rate of MAGT under the left and right shoulders of the TE is always higher than that of the same depth in the natural site. The MAGT under the UCRE is always lower than the natural site and always maintains a certain difference,whereas,the difference in ground temperature under the left and right shoulders is also not negligible. The MAGT of the left shoulder in the CRRE is not much different from that of the natural hole,while the MAGT of the right shoulder is always lower than that of the natural hole,and the differ in ground temperature between the left and right shoulders is smaller than that of the UCRE. The artificial permafrost table（APT）under the TE is always lower than that of in the natural site. Both the UCRE and CRRE,the APT in the left and right shoulders of them has been elevated into the embankment,and the differ of APT between the left and right shoulders is about 1. 0~1. 5 m. the differ of APT between the left and right shoulders in the CRRE is slightly lower than that of UCRE. Overall,because of the influence of thermal disturbance about engineering and climate warming,the TE in the warm permafrost zones cannot keep the thermal stability of permafrost under the embankment. Some active-cooling and reinforcement measures need to be taken. Both of the UCRE and CRRE,have a certain active-cooling effect on the permafrost under embankment,but the differ in ground temperature between the left and right shoulders still needs to be taken seriously. © 2022 Science Press (China).     

基于GIS和RS技术的北京市功能区产流风险分析

城市化进程加大了城市区域暴雨洪水灾害发生的风险,定量研究城市降雨产流特征,可以为城区的科学规划和管理提供科学依据。以北京市五环内地区为研究对象,利用GIS和RS技术提取了五环内的土地覆被信息,并结合不同地区用途进行了功能分区。在此基础上,结合SCS-CN水文模型分析了研究区在不同降雨重现期的降雨产流分布特征,并定量识别了北京市五环区域内的产流风险区。结果表明:在不同重现期降雨下,五环内地区不同等级产流风险区分布格局差异明显。高产流风险区占全区的面积由重现期1 a的18.90%增加到重现期100 a的54.74%;由于不透水面比率不同,不同功能区的产流特征也存在显著差异,其中商业用地区产流风险最高,平均产流量为24.76mm(重现期1 a),天然绿地区产流量最低,均值为7.36mm(重现期1 a);随着降雨重现期的增加,各功能区之间的产流量存在趋同效应;五环内产流风险格局呈现出中心高、四周低的环状分布特征,高产流风险聚集区大多分布在城市中心的商业和居住区,低产流风险聚集区主要为大型公园和天然绿地,分布在四环与五环之间。城市防涝规划工作应该充分考虑城市产流风险聚集区分布以及不同功能区的降雨产流风险特征,分层统筹,科学拟定规划方案,同时还要充分利用城市自身的"生态"优势,多角度解决城市暴雨洪水问题。     

莺歌海盆地泥-流体底辟构造成因机制与天然气运聚

莺歌海盆地的泥 -流体底辟构造发育演化是区域构造应力场变化和超压体系形成演化的结果。与盆地构造类型密切相关的不均衡压实和热作用引起盆地超压体系的发育 ,而区域构造应力场变化则导致盆地中中新世以泥底辟作用为主 ,晚中新世—第四纪以流体底辟作用为主 ,其中 ,早期泥底辟阶段形成的构造形态对晚期流体底辟作用有显著的控制作用。在莺歌海组浅层底辟圈闭中 ,圈闭形成期与中新统气源岩生烃过程的匹配是造成含不同天然气组分的流体发生幕式充注的主要原因     

敦密断裂带走滑运动的^40Ar／^39Ar年代学证据

敦密断裂带是郯庐断裂带北段最重要的分支,其大规模左旋走滑剪切时代一直是悬而未决的科学问题。野外构造解析和显微构造分析表明,密山县知一镇附近的敦密韧性剪切带为左旋剪切带,变形温度约450~650℃。在韧性剪切带糜棱岩中获得黑云母单矿物的40Ar/36Ar-39Ar/36Ar等时线年龄值为(161±3)Ma,结合完达山地体的走滑拼贴时代,认为敦密断裂带在中侏罗世末期发生强烈的左旋走滑运动。这一年代学数据反映了在滨太平洋构造域构造活动期间,郯庐断裂被利用而再次发生左旋走滑,并向北扩展到东北地区。敦密断裂走滑运动时代与完达山地体的走滑-拼贴增生时代吻合,两者是相同大地构造背景中的产物。     

新疆库车西部古近系奥奇克盐底辟地质地貌特征及构造形成模式

库车前陆冲断带西部古近系奥奇克盐底辟是中国最典型的盐底辟构造,可作为盐构造研究的天然实验室.本文在前人研究的基础上,通过详细的野外填图,同时辅以遥感解译、地震解释和合成孔径雷达干涉测量(InSAR)技术,探讨了奥奇克盐底辟盐喀斯特地貌特征,并分析了其形成机制及流变模式.奥奇克盐底辟表面盐喀斯特构造发育,在风化面上可见大...     

长白山森林植被的生态气候学指标

在全球变化和植被与气候关系的研究中侧重与大尺度、宏观的抽象研究，对小尺度、微观的具体地段植被与气候关系的研究则即地生态气候的研究尚待深入。本文在建立生态气候学指标的基础上，应用桑斯威特（C.W.Thornthwaite)的方法对长白山森林植被的空间分布进行了定量分析。计算了长白山不同坡向不同高度的温度效率指数。根据30个主要树种的温度效率指数，确定了长白山不同坡向的各植被垂直带的温度效率指数及分布高度。并利用AreGIS8.1软件做长白山1：1000000的DEM图，得到长白山不同坡向各垂直带植被与温度效率指数的关系图。     

Amphibolite facies metamorphism in shear zones in the Buchan area of NE Scotland

Abstract A major system of steep Caledonian shear zones, of regional extent, has been identified in NE Scotland. The shear zones affect a wide range of lithologies, including Argyll and Southern Highland Group Dalradian, 'Younger Basic'intrusives and their hornfelses, and also the earlier of the more acid intrusions. The observed fabrics and parageneses are consistent with low-pressure amphibolite facies metamorphism. These shear zones represent a phase of movement which occurred in the 490-465 Ma interval when ambient temperatures were still high, and it is concluded that this is the principal control on the metamorphic grade achieved within the shear zones, although local anomalies may exist.