某些测震学指标与地震相关性研究

通过对１０项测震学指示宾１０ａ的大范围时空扫描得出的有震和无震“预报”进行了与５．０级以上的地震的相关性研究,结果证明这１０项指标当显性水平较低时,均可通过统计检验,表明是有效的提取异常指标。作还依统计检验结果对１０项测震学指标与地震相关性好坏进行了排序,并通过分析得到各指标今后优化方向．     

Mean bulk densities of samples of dry atmospheric aerosol particles: A summary of measured data

Mean bulk densities of various samples of dry atmospheric aerosol particles sampled at different sites and during different seasons and weather situations range between 1.8 and more than 3 gm cm³.     

武宁陆相红盆沉积特征与演化浅析

本文依据1:5万区调资料,扼要介绍了武宁陆相红盆填图单位的拟定、表示方法及工作原理的应用,重点叙述了红盆内多个冲积扇体特征及其之间的叠覆关系,阐明了盆缘断裂是控制红盆成生、发展演化的主导因素。对红盆成生及演化、时代也作了初步探讨。     

Adventures in Data Analysis: The TAO Array and the 1997–1998 El Ni?o

Traditional undergraduate education in earth sciences does not emphasize data acquisition, analysis, or assessment. However, arrival of the information age dictates that earth sciences graduates be imbued with fundamental skills to organize, evaluate and process large data sets. Fortunately, the proliferation of remotely sensed data and its availability via the Internet provides many opportunities for earth science educators to meet these needs. Exercises to introduce students to data analysis have been designed utilizing data from the Tropical Atmosphere–Ocean (TAO) Array and the 1997–1998 El Niño episode in the tropical Pacific Ocean. The TAO Array is a grid of 69 buoys moored across the equatorial Pacific Ocean (8°N to 8°S and 95°W to 143°E) recording environmental data relevant to El Niño—Southern Oscillation (ENSO) processes. Data from the TAO Array is available in near-real-time (http://www.pmel.noaa.gov/toga-tao/realtime.html) or as archived ASCII files (http://www.pmel.noaa.gov/toga-tao/data-delivery.html) providing daily (sometimes hourly) records of environmental parameters for each buoy in the grid. Student exercises in data analysis begin with downloading data from buoy locations, parsing the data into spreadsheets, and organizing data by environmental parameter into yearly and monthly data sets. Analyses of reconstructed data include calculations of long-term averages of environmental parameters, seasonal climatologies, monthly climatologies and calculation of long-term, seasonal, and monthly anomalies. Finally, monthly anomaly maps produced by students are loaded sequentially into GIF-animation software to create time-series images illustrating the progress and development of the 1997–1998 El Niño event.     

Mineral variation in anorthositic, troctolitic, and adamellitic rocks of the Barth Island layered structure in the Nain anorthosite complex, Labrador

The Barth Island layered structure is an oval, 6 by 9 km body, consisting of rhythmically layered adamellitic rock in the center which grades outward through jotunite into troctolite. Farther outward the sequence repeats itself in reversed order, strongly reduced in magnitude and finer grained; the adamellitic zone is followed by jotunite which grades into coarse-grained leuconorite and into anorthosite of the Nain complex. The Barth Island structure, having an inverted conical base topped by a hemispherical depression, seems to represent a distorted sequence of rock layers with troctolite at the bottom, grading upward into adamellitic rocks which grade into anorthosite at the top. Trend-surface analysis demonstrates the regional variation of plagioclase and orthopyroxene compositions in the troctolite—adamellite sequence of the central part of the structure. The fits for the second- and third-degree surfaces are good and significant at the 99 percent level. The regression line for compositional variation in coexisting plagioclase and orthopyroxene in all analyzed rocks has a correlation coefficient of r² = 0.78. The difference between the trends in the troctolite—adamellite sequence and the anorthosite—adamellite sequence is insignificant. The regression curve for compositional variation in coexisting orthopyroxene and olivine has a correlation coefficient of r² = 0.98. The curve shows good correlation with the experimentally established partitioning curve of Medaris, which indicates that equilibrium conditions prevailed during formation of the olivine—ortho-pyroxene pairs. The results suggest that the troctolite—adamellite sequence and the anorthosite—adamellite sequence are products of fractional crystallization, possibly from the same parental magma.     

空孔直眼掏槽成腔模型理论与实践分析

空孔直眼掏槽是隧道或井巷掘进的主要方法之一。基于典型空孔掏槽炮眼布置,分析了掏槽眼爆破形成空腔的物理力学过程;建立了空腔形成的物理和力学模型;研究了腔内碎石在高压爆生气体作用下的抛射过程;得出了空腔尺寸的理论计算方法。槽腔岩石介质破碎和外端部漏斗形成取决于掏槽眼装药爆炸动作用;碎石的抛出率与炸药性质、岩石性质和爆破参数有关。理论分析与在某矿进行的48次试验结果有较好的吻合性。     

中国蓄滞洪区洪水管理与可持续发展途径

蓄滞洪区的行蓄洪启用频率和蓄水方式决定着洪水管理与可持续发展途径,影响流域经济社会的可持续发展.根据各大流域蓄滞洪区的设计启用频率,设置了未来35年内蓄滞洪区发展的3种情景:维持现状、部分水库化和部分湿地化,构建了涵盖防洪、社会经济和生态发展等因子的途径选择指标体系,运用数据包络分析法(DEA),识别了不同设计启用频率的蓄滞洪区洪水管理与可持续发展的最优途径.结果表明:① 不同设计启用频率的蓄滞洪区在建成35年内,部分湿地化情景是中国70%蓄滞洪区的最优发展途径.② 设计启用频率50年一遇是蓄滞洪区发展途径选择的边界值;当等于或低于50年一遇时,部分湿地化是其最优途径;当高于50年一遇时,维持其现状是最优途径.     

粤连电厂拦灰坝土石混合料碾压试验研究

对拦灰坝土石混合料进行3种不同铺填厚度、3种不同加水量、5种振动碾压遍数组合的现场试验,通过测试碾压前后的颗粒组成,沉降量、变形模量、干湿密度等确定1组优化参数作为现场施工控制参数,并对试验结果进行了分析,提出了相应的处理措施和建议。     

煤田采区高分辨三维地震勘探激发参数的优选

三维地震勘探取得可靠数据的前提是获得最佳的的激发参数,即激发井深和激发药量。双井微测井是一种行之有效的确定激发参数的方法。以某区25m双井微测井为例,介绍了通过不同激发井深的接收排列图及频谱分析图确定潜水面位置及最佳激发深度的方法;在确定的最佳激发层位上进行不同药量试验,结合目的层有效波时窗频谱图,综合考虑有效信号、地震子波频谱及信噪比等因素选择最佳激发药量。通过双井微测井工作,最终确定潜水面位置为6m,最佳激发深度为11m,激发药量为2kg。     

福建岭头坪铅锌金银多金属矿地质特征及远景分析

岭头坪铅锌金银多金属矿产于南园组第二、三段中酸-酸性火山碎屑岩的夹层中,矿体呈似层状,受断裂构造及层间破碎带控制.成矿与中生代火山活动紧密相关,可能为中低温火山热液矿床.从成矿地质条件和金土壤异常分析,岭头坪矿区的周围及南、东侧以及石笋歧一带有很好的找矿前景.