1996年云南丽江7.0级地震人员死亡的社会学特征

笔者在丽江市古城区地震局查阅到1份丽江7.0级地震人员死亡的统计表,表中详细记录了死亡人员的年龄、性别、文化程度、职业、死亡原因、死亡地点等情况.通过对上述资料的分析,可得出本次地震死亡人员的年龄、性别、文化、职业特征.同时与国内同类研究相比,丽江地震造成的人员死亡具有普遍的一般特征,也具有云南民族地区、经济欠发达地区...     

扇贝(Chlamys farreri)多肽通过EGFR抑制受紫外线B(UVB)诱导的HaCaT细胞凋亡

利用Hoechst 33258荧光染色法检测紫外线B(UVB)辐射诱导HaCaT细胞凋亡率。结果表明,扇贝多肽(Polypeptide from Chlamys farreri,PCF)可以剂量依赖性抑制UVB诱导的HaCaT细胞凋亡;表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)抑制剂AG1478能明显抑制UVB诱导的HaCaT细胞凋亡。采用3’-RACE法构建EGFR的cDNA片段,克隆测序检测突变位点。结果表明,UVB照射后EGFR发生碱基突变A→G,A→G,T→C,G→A,G→A;预加入5.69mmol/L的PCF,产生部分抗突变作用,1,2,3突变位点处未发生碱基的突变。     

副溶血性弧菌产耐热直接溶血毒素对黑色素瘤的抑制作用研究

为探讨耐热直接溶血毒素(Thermostabile direct hemolysin,TDH)在体内和体外对小鼠黑色素瘤细胞B16的抑制作用,本研究通过MTT法、克隆形成试验、凋亡试验、Caspase-8和Caspase-3的活性试验、线粒体膜电位的检测以及体内C57BL/6小鼠(Mus musculus)荷瘤实验,比较TDH作用于不同细胞的半抑制浓度(IC₅₀),评价TDH对小鼠黑色素瘤细胞B16的体内外抑制作用。结果发现:人结肠上皮细胞NCM460、人正常肝细胞LO2、人肝癌细胞SMMC-7721和小鼠黑色素瘤细胞B16在TDH处理24 h之后,细胞的半抑制质量浓度IC₅₀分别为151、118、54和48 μg/mL,正常细胞的IC₅₀高出癌细胞近2~3倍。当质量浓度低于20 μg/mL时,TDH以剂量依赖性的方式抑制B16细胞的克隆形成,6 mg/kg TDH在移植瘤模型中显著抑制体内肿瘤的生长(P<0.001)。流式细胞术和荧光试剂盒检测表明:20 μg/mL的TDH能诱导19.4%的B16细胞发生早期凋亡,并激活Caspase-8和Caspase-3,但不影响线粒体膜电位。TDH具有体内外的抗肿瘤活性,可能通过细胞表面的死亡受体介导的凋亡信号通路引起凋亡,从而发挥抗肿瘤作用。     

Oakes Bay 1: A Preliminary Reconstruction of a Labrador Inuit Seal Hunting Economy in the Context of Climate Change

Geografisk Tidsskrift—Danish Journal of Geography 110(2):245–259, 2010

This paper presents results of recent archaeological research at the site of Oakes Bay 1 (HeCg-08), on Dog Island, Labrador, dated from the late 17th to late 18th century. Analyses of faunal remains provide a means of reconstructing the site's subsistence economy. The site's inhabitants practiced a very consistent mode of hunting throughout this time period, depending heavily on adult ringed seals taken on the fast ice in winter and spring. Juvenile ringed seals, taken at the ice edge in the spring were a secondary resource. A lack of evidence for the hunting of harp seals in the fall and of ringed seal pups in late spring suggests that the site had a relatively short season of occupation. The consistent pattern of hunting through time suggests that the impacts of climatic variability on Inuit subsistence in the Nain region were relatively limited, moderated by their capacity for mobility on the sea ice rather than by whole scale changes in hunting practices and species choice. The Oakes Bay 1 site presents an example of a different subsistence economy than that seen at other recently examined sites in Labrador, suggesting that the impacts of the so-called Little Ice Age were not global or uniform.     

Mapping the Internet using GIS: The death of distance hypothesis revisited

This paper revisits the death of distance hypothesis. To explore the role of distance in the information age, three methods – web scan, hyperlink, and trace-route – are used to map the Internet for the US educational network. Statistical analysis is conducted to evaluate whether physical distance has any impact on the Internet information access. The cartographic and statistical results indicate that geography in general and distance in particular are still important factors in shaping the spatial pattern of Internet activities. For the most popular fifty-three US educational web sites, the physical distance within one thousand miles has positive effects on Internet access while access to international hosts heavily depends on the response time, link speed and other Internet infrastructures and interconnections such as the availability of domain name servers, network access points, backbones, etc. Implications of absolute, relative, and virtual distance in mapping the Internet are discussed. It is concluded that the death of distance hypothesis is premature, even misguided in most cases.     

四川省癌死亡率与土壤环境中化学元素的关系

利用中国癌死亡率与土壤坏境中化学元素的相关性成果，研究了四川省癌死亡率与土壤环境中化学元素：As、Cd、Co、Cu、Hg、Mn、Ni、Pb、Se、V、Li、Na、K、Rb、Cs、Mg、Ca、Sr、Ba、B、Al、Ga、In、Tl、Sc、Y、La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Tb、Dy、Ho、Er、Tm、Yb、Lu、Th、U、Sn、Ti、Zr、Hf、Sb、Bi、Ta、Te、Mo、W、Br、I、Fe等52个元素含量的关系     

Conditional Simulation of Multi-Type Non Stationary Markov Object Models Respecting Specified Proportions

Although Boolean model simulation has been widely used during the last two decades to simulate sedimentary bodies (especially in fluvio-deltaic environments), a key issue has subsisted. One of the most important parameter for object model simulation, namely the (non stationary) intensity of the underlying object process, is not a parameter provided by the end user but must instead be computed from other input parameters, such as local proportions of lithofacies, erosion rule between objects of different types and interaction between objects. This paper revisits a birth and death algorithm for simulating conditional, non stationary, multi-type objects models with interaction. It provides workable approximations for computing the local intensity of the underlying point process to respect proportion maps. Simulated examples show that this algorithm is able to reproduce the desired proportions. Important issues for implementing this algorithm are discussed.     

基于客观赋权法的长江流域环境污染事故风险受体脆弱性时空变异特征研究

从敏感性和恢复力两方面描述了环境风险受体脆弱性,综合考虑人群、社会经济和生态环境系统等风险受体的敏感性和恢复力,选取12个指标构建区域环境风险受体综合脆弱性评价指标体系。以长江流域为研究对象,引入"纵横向-拉开档次"法和"时序加权平均算子"法等客观赋权法探讨了流域脆弱性时空变异特征。结果表明,2000-2011年长江流域环境风险受体脆弱性呈波动下降趋势,且脆弱性空间差异较大,其中,上海、河南、江苏和西藏等省区脆弱性指数最高,陕西、重庆和云南等省市脆弱性较低。研究结果可为长江流域环境风险管理和污染事故应急管理提供依据。     

三疣梭子蟹ftz-f1 基因的克隆及相关核受体基因在蜕皮中的功能分析

采用RACE 技术克隆三疣梭子蟹核受体fzt-f1 基因, 全长cDNA 序列1763bp.该基因3'和 5'非编码区分别为1034bp 和141bp, 开放阅读框为588bp, 推测编码195 个氨基酸, 预测分子量为 22.8kDa, 理论等电点为6.35, 命名为PTNHr 基因。同源性和系统进化分析表明, 三疣梭子蟹fzt-f1 基因与刀额新对虾同源性高达75.4%, 并且与刀额新对虾聚为一支。对核受体基因fzt-f1、EcR 和RXR 在蜕皮周期中的表达情况进行实时荧光定量PCR 分析, 结果表明, 三个核受体基因在不同蜕皮时期, 均出现表达差异, 说明这三个基因都参与蜕皮调控过程。其中, fzt-f1 和RXR 基因在不同蜕皮时期的 表达模式上出现相反的表达特征, 预测这两个基因存在相互抑制的调节关系。EcR 和RXR 基因在不 同蜕皮时期的表达模式上出现部分相似的表达特征。     

半胱胺对斜带石斑鱼（Epinephelus coioides）生长激素及其受体mRNA水平的影响

以海水硬骨鱼类斜带石斑鱼为研究对象,通过投喂和腹腔注射半胱胺盐酸盐（CSH）,研究半胱胺对斜带石斑鱼生长激素（GH）及其受体（GHR）mRNA水平的影响,以初步揭示半胱胺促进斜带石斑鱼生长的作用机理。结果表明,长期投喂CSH可以显著提高斜带石斑鱼的相对体重增长率。投喂和腹腔注射不同剂量的CSH均能明显促进斜带石斑鱼脑垂...