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111.
112.
Numerical evaluation of soft inter‐slab joint in concrete‐faced rockfill dam with dual mortar finite element method 下载免费PDF全文
Recently constructed concrete‐faced rockfill dams (CFRDs) often use soft inter‐slab joints to prevent axial compression‐induced extrusion damage in the concrete face. Due to the complexity of the multibody contact and the lack of information on the actual behavior of soft joints, it is highly challenging to numerically assess the effect of soft joints in CFRDs. In this paper, we present a numerical approach for the three‐dimensional modeling of CFRDs with hard and soft joints. A dual mortar finite element method with Lagrange multiplier is developed to treat the multibody contact in hard joints with impenetrability condition. The soft joint slab‐filler‐slab contact system is modeled using an equivalent contact interface approach, where the soft contact constraints are imposed using a perturbed Lagrange formulation. Through a series of laboratory tests, the mechanical behavior of soft joint is investigated. An extrusion model for the soft joint is presented and implemented in the dual mortar finite element method. The proposed numerical method is applied to the three‐dimensional analysis of Tianshengqiao‐1 CFRD. Despite the complex multibody contact and strong material and geometry nonlinearities in the CFRD, the proposed method is stable and capable of capturing salient characteristics of the CFRD. Numerical results show that in Tianshengqiao‐1, the employment of soft joints can effectively reduce the axial compression stress, thus greatly alleviating the risk of extrusion damage in the concrete face. 相似文献
113.
An inter‐basin backwater overflow (the Buhai Brook and the Ezer reservoir on the Jijia River,Romania) 下载免费PDF全文
During the last few years, the north‐western part of Romania has been affected by catastrophic floods with most of the watercourses reaching their highest recorded discharges. This study reports the generation of a numerical terrain model and the simulation of a backwater phenomenon at elevation steps according to the volume of water accumulated at the confluence of the Buhai Brook with the Jijia River. The hydrological data are complemented by rainfall data and the careful recording of the flood behaviour during the entire period of its development. The main aim of the study is to identify the causes of the backwater phenomenon and to highlight the material damage inflicted on the town of Dorohoi. At the same time, the study uses cartographic model that was developed to establish which areas are at risk of flooding at various levels of probability. The catastrophic flood began on the Buhai Brook, a slow‐flowing stream that drains the areas to the west of the town of Dorohoi and discharged into the upstream sector of the Jijia confluence. The flood caused two types of backwater waves: one behind the bridges and the houses built on the floodplain and a second that followed the course of the main stem (Jijia) upstream from the confluence, flooding the Ezer Lake, which was created specifically to attenuate such floods. The spillway backwater phenomenon was inter‐basin as it did not occur in a single hydrographic basin. The causes of the catastrophic flash flood and of the inter‐basin backwater overflow are natural but also reflect anthropogenic influence. After the lake filled, the discharge into the Jijia was controlled and the flooding downstream was thus greatly diminished. Though fortuitous, the backwater flooding was important in mitigating the impact of the flood wave from the Jijia River. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
114.
The wetting deformation of coarse granular materials is often considered to be an important cause of the core wall rockfill dam cracks during impounding. By analyzing existing research results, this paper proposes a hyperbolic relationship between the wetting axial strain and wetting stress level and puts forwards a warped surface relationship among spherical stress, shear stress, and the ratio of wetting volumetric strain to wetting axial strain. To illustrate its practicability, the wetting strain model's parameter determination process is introduced and the rockfill materials wetting parameters are determined using the triaxial wetting test data. Moreover, the collapse settlement of Guanyinyan rockfill dam during first impounding is numerically simulated using the proposed method to calculate rockfill wetting deformation and verified by field measurements and monitoring data. The results show that the calculative method of wetting deformation proposed in this paper is reasonable and practical; the wetting deformation of upstream rockfill materials would cause an adverse deformation trend, which may lead to crack occurrence at the upstream slope and dam crest; and the Guanyinyan rockfill dam cracks on the top of junction mainly caused by the wetting deformation of upstream rockfill. 相似文献
115.
ZHANG Yifan YU Guohua SHENG Zhaoci XU Ming Senior Engineer River Harbour Department Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute 《中国海洋工程》1998,(2)
This paper reviews the history of coast evolution and coastal protection in the area of theabandoned Yellow River mouth in Jiangsu Province,analyzes the erosion characteristics and dynamic en-vironment,evaluates the efficiency of coastal protection engineering works and designs the dimensions ofthe main seadike and offshore submerged dam.A gerneral scheme of shore protection for this area is pro-posed. 相似文献
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In this paper, a study on the transient response of an elastic structure embedded in a homogeneous, isotropic and linearly elastic half-plane is presented. Transient dynamic and seismic forces are considered in the analysis. The numerical method employed is the coupled Finite-Element–Boundary-Element technique (FE–BE). The finite element method (FEM) is used for discretization of the near field and the boundary element method (BEM) is employed to model the semi-infinite far field. These two methods are coupled through equilibrium and compatibility conditions at the soil–structure interface. Effects of non-zero initial conditions due to the pre-dynamic loads and/or self-weight of the structure are included in the transient boundary element formulation. Hence, it is possible to analyse practical cases (such as dam–foundation systems) involving initial conditions due to the pre-seismic loads such as water pressure and self-weight of the dam. As an application of the proposed formulation, a gravity dam has been analysed and the results for different foundation stiffness are presented. The results of the analysis indicate the importance of including the foundation stiffness and thus the dam–foundation interaction. 相似文献
118.
我国铁路水害及其评估模型研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
文章分析了我国铁路水害的特点,并用1980~1995年的断道时间和次数与同期的大雨、暴雨日数,分别建立了全国和成都、郑州、哈尔滨、沈阳4个铁路局的铁路水害统计模型,为定量评估气候异常对铁路交通的影响奠定了基础。 相似文献
119.
导出了根据测斜数据确定观测孔内有效铅垂空间的几何作图方法,介绍了在作图法基础上产生的计算机编程思路,以及控制观测孔施工质量的数学依据。 相似文献
120.
我国近年水库地震监测综述 总被引:8,自引:4,他引:4
杨晓源 《地震地磁观测与研究》1999,20(2):3-15
在较完整地收集我国水库诱发地震震例的基础上,回顾了我国水库诱发地震监测的成长进步厍程。本文认为无线遥测组网和计算机实时处理方式是我国近年水库诱发地震监测的主流,数字化则是其发展方向。作者提出了按地震监测系统的主要特征。对水库地震监测台网分类划代方法,将我国已客在建的水库地震监测台网划分四代。本文较详细地介绍了近年建成投测的二滩,大桥、小浪底和李家峡等第三代水库遥测地震台网的基本情况。对正在设计建设 相似文献