旧路改建高速公路中地基强夯效应测试与工艺参数分析

旧路改建高速公路遇到的最主要的问题是地基的不均匀沉降。数值分析表明,对新的天然地基进行处理是解决这一问题的关键。强夯是加固地基的一种有效措施,为了对强夯工艺参数进行优化研究,对夯锤冲击地面过程中产生的动孔隙水压力、动土应力以及夯后超静孔隙水压力的消散过程进行了跟踪测试与分析。结果表明,对以风化料为主的地基,最大夯击数不宜超过4击,而且铺底夯完成2d后就可进行满夯。     

高精度煤炭三维地震勘探技术

介绍了中国煤炭地震勘探技术的现状及所面临的问题,分析了煤炭三维地震勘探技术今后应努力研究和须重点关注的几个问题,如频率的问题,小面元高密度采集问题,加强叠前研究工作问题,及单点地震技术应用问题,从而实现高精度勘探的目的,满足煤矿生产、建设、安全等日益增长的需要。     

青海省柴达木盆地西北缘盐类矿产遥感预测研究

利用ETM多光谱遥感图像,在对盐湖区的遥感影像特征和主要地物光谱特征分析的基础上,通过波段组合变换,压抑粘土及砂砾层等地物的影响,将盐类矿产信息增强提取出来。对比前人的钾盐矿田勘查成果,所提取的盐类信息异常与现代新盐带、湿盐滩和现正在开采的钾盐矿区十分吻合。结合区域地质背景与成矿条件的分析研究,圈定了4个预测区、9处有利地段,为进一步盐类矿产勘查提供了科学依据和目标地。     

斜坡应力分布的系统测试与反演分析

采用简易、快速、经济的洞壁应力恢复法对某工程边坡勘探平硐洞壁应力场作了系统测试, 并采用FLAC2D软件对测试成果作了斜坡初始应力的反演分析。结果表明, 斜坡应力场随深度变化具有明显分带性, 应力量值随硐深曲线具有典型的驼峰式特征, 与理论分析结果相符, 表明该方法能较好地应用于斜坡应力场的系统测试和研究。成果对认识斜坡岩体的变形破裂及卸荷特征等具有重要意义。     

宁阳县蒋集镇彩山小流域水土保持技术研究

该文分析研究了彩山小流域的区域坡度和土壤特性,并根据区内土壤性质划分出4个小区域,即：自然坡度在20°～25°内为V1区,15°～20°内为V2区,10°～15°内为V3区,5°～10°内为V4区,分别反映了不同的土壤等级及土壤抗冲能力。同时,也研究出了一个系统化、理论化的科学依据i=V（10/3）/5B,并对所有砂石山区水土保持治理工作具有借鉴性和实用性。     

大民屯凹陷烃源岩有机质丰度的恢复

烃源岩有机质丰度的恢复具有重要的现实和理论意义。笔者在对比多种方法的基础上,对大民屯凹陷的烃源岩的有机质丰度进行了恢复。     

Time-dependent stress change during failure of rocks

The energy balance of a solid subject to fracture has been explored using heat and mass transfer equations with regard to the volumetric and superficial components. In the suggested model, brittle fracture of a cracked solid considered as a heterogeneous two-phase medium is described by an equation analogous to the Griffith’s criterion for propagation of a single crack. The derived equation is used, together with estimates of relative change in specific interface area, to study the respective change of free strain energy and pressure in rocks associated with failure.     

西藏札达盆地控盆断裂有限元数值模拟

札达盆地是喜马拉雅构造带中的一个山间断陷盆地,其演化过程与盆地两侧的控盆构造密切相关。对控盆断裂的构造应力场进行模拟计算,将有助于进一步深化对本区构造控盆的认识。因此,在对盆地构造地质进行详细调查的基础上,结合本区的深部地质与地球物理资料,对札达盆地控盆断裂的构造应力场进行了模拟。计算结果表明,札达盆地的演化明显受盆地两侧边界断裂的控制,札达盆地是在整体南北向挤压应力的作用下,不同块体差异隆升作用的结果。其南侧的控盆断裂为北倾的正断层,北侧的控盆断裂为南倾的逆断层,二者共同形成了南降北升的翘板式断陷盆地运动过程,是喜马拉雅地块在陆内汇聚挤压构造环境中构造应力场调整的一种方式。     

Densities of Huanghe River estuary and Bohai Bay waters

The densities of 36 water samples from the Huanghe River estuary and Bohai Bay were determinedby a magnetic float densimcter under three temperatures from 15℃ to 25℃.All the measured densities ofsamples were greater than that of the values calculated from the International Equation of State of Seawater.The differences between the measured and calculated densities increased with the decrease of salinities.The dif-ferences appeared exponentially correlated with[Ca~(2+)]/s,[Mg~(2+)]/s and[SO_4~(2-)]/s,and had"s"type curverelationship with the alkalinity in all salinity range.But in the salinity ranging from 25.72 to 31.57,therelationships were all linear.The density difference can be estimated from the equation △ρ（10~3kg·m~(-3)）=（-2.79+236.5([Ca~(2+)]/s)/(-9.7464×10~（-3）+[Ca~(2+)]/s).It was the high alkalinity and[Ca~(2+)]/s that resulted in the measured densi-ties of seawaters being higher than the calculated densities in the Huanghe estuary and Bohai Bay.     

Effects of ageing and overconsolidation on the elastic stiffness of a remoulded clay

Summary Results of resonant column tests were used to determine values of low amplitude shear modulus (G ₀) of a remoulded kaolinite clay for different durations of ageing and for different values of consolidation stress (₀) and overconsolidation ratio (OCR). It was found that after completion of primary consolidation the values of G ₀ increased linearly with the logarithm of time and after a week of confinement the value of normalized rate of secondary increase of shear modulus (N _G ) could be reliably estimated. Values of N _G were found to derease linearly with the logarithm of OCR and with the logarithm of ageing duration. This similarity of behaviour provided a basis for establishing an equivalency between age and equivalent overconsolidation ratio (OCR)_eq. The effects of ₀ and OCR on the value of G ₀ were also established in a functional form that indicated a stronger influence compared to that predicted by the Hardin Equation.