Discrete Element with Flexible Connector for Dynamic Analysis of 3-D Beam Structures

Combined multi-body dynamics with structural dynamics,a new discrete element with flexibleconnector,which is applicable for 3-D beam structures,is developed in this paper.Both the generalizedelastic coefficient matrix of the flexible connector and the mass matrix of discrete element may be off-diag-onal in a general case.The zero-length rigid element is introduced to simulate the node at which multiple el-ements are jointed together.It may also be effective when the axes of adjacent elements are not in the sameline.The examples for eigenvalue calculation show that the model is successful.It can be extended to thegeometric nonlinear response analysis.     

基于FVCOM的台湾海峡三维潮汐与潮流数值模拟研究

基于FVCOM海洋数值模式,采用非结构三角形网格较好地刻画了台湾海峡复杂的岸线边界及海底地形,建立了台湾海峡的三维潮汐潮流数值模型.模拟结果同长期观测资料符合良好,较好地反映出台湾海峡内潮汐、潮流运动的变化状况和分布特征,利用T_tide工具包进行水位潮流调和分析给出了M2、S2、K1、O1四个主要分潮的同潮图、表层潮流椭圆分布.分析表明,M2分潮由台湾岛南北两端传入台湾海峡,两支潮波在澎湖—台湾浅滩南缘相遇,呈NE—SW向倾斜,振幅最大值为2.45m,出现在福建省湄洲湾、兴化湾一带.K1分潮潮波由东北向西南传入,并向南海传播,传播方向上右侧振幅较左侧大0.05m.台湾海峡存在一条分潮潮流椭圆率为0的分隔线,该分隔线大致呈NE—SW走向,分隔线上半部分潮流椭圆旋转方向为逆时针方向,下半部分为顺时针方向.四个主要分潮潮流椭圆长轴基本呈NE—SW走向,但在台湾浅滩表层潮流椭圆长轴方向为NW—SE向,澎湖水道呈N—S向.台湾浅滩处四个分潮的潮流椭圆均较大,对应的潮流也强,可能受当地水深较浅的影响.     

基于感应电流测量的海峡水通量海底缆线观测系统设计

首先回顾了基于海底缆线的海峡水通量观测理论方法的发展历程,对基于电压测量的水通量反演方法进行了梳理,重点阐述了其中的关键观测要素和主要误差来源。为了提升系统可靠性、摒弃外界因素干扰,提出了一种基于感应电流测量的观测方法。对比传统方法,分析了本方法的优缺点,评估了基于本方法的海洋观测系统建设需求和可能性。最后应用本系统建立的一个理想海域——青岛胶州湾湾口各类海洋要素的典型取值范围,通过合理的特征尺度估算和量纲分析,估计了基于电流测量的观测系统中的各类设备的参数要求,其中关键测量器材——电流表至少应满足观测量程覆盖10~(–1)~10~1 m A,观测精度大于1μA,取样频率大于1/60 Hz。在电学测量仪器中,适应本系统要求的器材较普遍,可选择的测量仪器种类较丰富。     

Characterizing the Seasonal and Directional Varying Properties in A Marine Environment

With noticing an increasing number of failure events for offshore structures in the present days, it is now realized that modeling the marine environment especially for exceptional environmental conditions is quite important. It is recognized that a possible improvement in the traditional modeling of environmental characteristics, which are the basis for the load models for structural analysis and design, may be needed. In this paper, the seasonal and directional varying properties in modeling the ocean parameter, the wave height, are studied. The peak over threshold (POT) method is selected to model the extreme wave height by utilizing a non-stationary discrete statistical extreme model. The varying parameters are taken into account with a changing pattern to reflect the seasonal and directional dependent behavior. Both the magnitude and the occurrence rate of the extreme values are investigated. Detailed discussion on the continuity of the established model is also given. The importance of the proposed model is demonstrated in reliability analysis for a jacket structure. The sensitivity to the changing marine environment in reliability analyses is investigated.     

Volume transport of the Soya Warm Current revealed by bottom-mounted ADCP and ocean-radar measurement

The vertical structure of the Soya Warm Current (SWC) was observed by a bottom-mounted acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) in the region of the SWC axis near the Soya Strait during a 1-year period from May 2004. The ADCP data revealed a marked seasonal variability in the vertical structure, with positive (negative) vertical shear in summer and fall (winter and spring). The volume transport of the SWC is estimated on the basis of both the vertical structure observed by the ADCP and horizontal structure observed by the ocean radars near the strait. The transport estimates have a minimum in winter and a maximum in fall, with the yearly-averaged values in the range of 0.94–1.04 Sv (1 Sv = 10⁶ m³ s⁻¹). These lie within a reasonable range in comparison to those through other straits in the Japan Sea.     

Methods for ultimate limit state assessment of ships and ship-shaped offshore structures: Part I—Unstiffened plates

The present paper is Part I of a series of three papers prepared by the authors on the methods useful for ultimate limit state assessment of marine structures, that have been developed in the literature during the last few decades. It is considered that such methods are now mature enough to enter day-by-day design and strength assessment practice. The aims of the three papers are to conduct some benchmark studies of such methods on ultimate limit state assessment of (unstiffened) plates, stiffened panels, and hull girders of ships and ship-shaped offshore structures, using some candidate methods such as ANSYS nonlinear finite element analysis (FEA), DNV PULS, ALPS/ULSAP, ALPS/HULL, and IACS common structural rules (CSR) methods. As an illustrative example, an AFRAMAX-class hypothetical double hull oil tanker structure designed by CSR method is studied. In the present paper (Part I), the ultimate limit state assessment of unstiffened plates under combined biaxial compression and lateral pressure loads is emphasized using ANSYS, DNV PULS, and ALPS/ULSAP methods, and their resulting computations are compared. Part II will deal with methods for the ultimate limit state assessment of stiffened panels under combined biaxial compression and lateral pressure using ANSYS, DNV PULS, and ALPS/ULSAP methods, and Part III will treat methods for the progressive collapse analysis of the hull structure using ANSYS, ALPS/HULL, and IACS CSR methods.     

Interaction of ocean waves with floating and submerged horizontal flexible structures in three-dimensions

A three-dimensional general mathematical hydroelastic model dealing with the problem of wave interaction with a floating and a submerged flexible structure is developed based on small amplitude wave theory and linear structural response. The horizontal floating and submerged flexible structures are modelled with a thin plate theory. The linearized long wave equations based on shallow water approximations are derived and results are compared. Three-dimensional Green’s functions are derived using fundamental source potentials in water of finite and infinite depths. The expansion formulae associated with orthogonal mode-coupling relations are derived based on the application of Fourier transform in finite and infinite depths in case of finite width in three-dimensions. The usefulness of the expansion formula is demonstrated by analysing a physical problem of surface gravity wave interaction with a moored finite floating elastic plate in the presence of a finite submerged flexible membrane in three-dimensions. The numerical accuracy of the method is demonstrated by computing the complex values of reflected wave amplitudes for different modes of oscillation and mooring stiffness. Further, the effect of compressive force and modes of oscillations on a free oscillation hydroelastic waves in a closed channel of finite width and length for floating and submerged elastic plate system is analysed.     

半潜式超大型浮式结构水动力系数研究

以半潜式超大型浮式结构在动力响应分析中的各水动力系数为研究对象,经理论推导得到D’Alembert动力学方程中的移动式海上基地(MOB)单模块运动的结构质量、结构附加质量、静恢复力系数的简易计算公式。以MOB的"三模块模型"为例,研究其在6级海况浪向角为0°~90°条件下,各模块的附加质量系数及静恢复力系数的历时规律,以实例MOB中的第1个模块为代表展示了计算结果,并统计其最大值与文献资料中的结果进行对比。结果表明:运用本理论公式计算的结果与文献中所得结果相似,可验证本理论公式的正确性、可行性与合理性,为求解半潜式超大型浮式结构模块动力响应位移及转角提供简便的方法。     

珠江三角洲沉积体与河网干流河道的形成发育

应用PRD-LTMM长周期"动力-沉积-形态"模型和非线性动力学拉格朗日拟序结构理论对全新世海侵盛期以来珠江三角洲以及河网干道的形成演变进行了地貌动力学分析,结果显示:受曲折岸线和复杂地形的影响,海侵盛期古珠江河口湾的水动力随时空高度变化,形成了7个具有不同运动特性的条带区域,并产生了许多不同尺度且相对独立的沉积动力结构,形成了众多的沉积体。这些沉积体成为了三角洲发育演变的基本建构单元。三角洲的主体沉积可概括为受原始地形分隔的若干相对独立的充填过程,干流河道的形成和发育往往是若干相邻沉积体发育和延伸的结果,而三角洲河网干道的总体分布格局则受这些动力区域所控制。     

南海东北部陆缘浊流活动的地貌记录及其形成机制分析

超临界浊流影响下的周期阶坎广泛分布在南海东北部台西南盆地的西澎湖峡谷中。由于频繁的构造活动, 常年的台风影响, 以及来自中国台湾河流的大量沉积物供给, 导致这个区域的浊流活动经常发生。本文利用高分辨率的地貌资料, 对西澎湖峡谷发育的23个净侵蚀周期阶坎和10个净沉积周期阶坎进行了形态的定量分析, 并且统计了流经这些周期阶坎的浊流流速。结果显示, 浊流在流经净侵蚀周期阶坎过程中的速度有明显突变, 而在净侵蚀到净沉积周期阶坎的过程中速度也发生了明显的降低, 前者由峡谷中的坡折带导致, 后者则是由限制性环境到非限制性环境的转变造成的。此外, 净沉积周期阶坎主要分布于靠近峡谷口外的西南侧, 这是由于科氏力对浊流影响的结果。研究此区域周期阶坎的形态特征和形成机制能够帮助我们更好地理解海底地形地貌与浊流的相互关系, 对于理解峡谷中的地貌演化具有重要意义。