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991.
ZHANG Mingjun REN Jiawen CHENG Guodong LI Zhongqin XIAO Cunde QIN Dahe KANG Jiancheng LI Jun 《地理学报》2002,12(4):379-386
By comparing the oxygen isotopic temperatures recorded by many shallow ice cores from the coastal regions of Antarctica, this paper presents the special characteristics of the temperature variations over the Antarctic coastal regions in the past 50 years, 150 years and 250 years. In the past 50 years, the isotopic temperatures recorded in the ice cores over different sites on the Antarctic coastal regions differ greatly. For instance, although increasing isotopic temperatures have been reported for many sites studied, many sites show decreasing trends, the regional regularity in temperature variations is still insignificant. In the past 150 years, the isotopic temperature trends in the coastal regions of Antarctica show an alternate-distributing pattern. In the past 250 years, all the ice cores from the coastal regions of Antarctica have recorded the so-called Little Ice Age (LIA). The above-mentioned spatial characteristics of the temperature variations over the Antarctic coastal regions are likely to reflect the impacts of the unique Southern Hemisphere atmospheric circulation, the Antarctic Circumpolar Wave (ACW) and the special terrain (such as the large drainage basins) on the coastal regions of Antarctica. Furthermore, the impacting intensity of the unique Southern Hemisphere atmospheric circulation, the Antarctic Circumpolar Wave and the special terrain differs in terms of the temporal scale of the temperature change. 相似文献
992.
993.
泥河湾盆地的水下黄土堆积及其古气候意义 总被引:17,自引:1,他引:17
本文论述了泥河湾盆地第四纪河湖相地层中水下黄土堆积的特征,认为水下黄土堆积是介于气下黄土堆积河湖相沉积之间的一种过渡类型,水下黄土和气下黄土都是干冷气候条件下的产物,而河湖相沉积则形成于相对温湿的气候环境。在沉积剖面中水下黄土和河湖相沉积交替出现,形成水下黄土-河湖相沉积系列,这个系列反映了气候的周期性变化,它可以与我国洛川剖面的黄土-古土壤系列及深海岩芯V28-239的氧同侠素气候期,很好地进行对比。这为我国华北第四纪古气候地层序列的建立,又提供了一个重要的途径。 相似文献
994.
995.
地震预报是件十分困难的事,尤其是短临预报。十多年来,在利用地下水的动态异常来预测地震方面有了新的进展,并在地震成因理论方面有新的探索。本文详述了石棉5.3级地震前地下水的异常特征。给出了地下水日常监视预测指标。震前四川地震地下水观测网中渡口、会理、西昌、石棉及康定观测台的水位、水温出现异常,依据这些异常,地震前作出了短临预报。 相似文献
996.
碳酸盐岩储层孔隙类型多样,各种孔隙的尺寸变化范围可以跨越几个数量级,孔隙结构非常复杂,这种复杂孔隙结构和不均匀分布的多元孔隙空间使得储层电性呈现明显非阿尔奇特性.为了了解影响电阻率变化的控制因素,本次研究选取中三叠世雷口坡组的8块全直径碳酸盐岩岩样,开展了核磁共振、岩电实验、孔渗实验、压汞实验及薄片等实验,并利用数字图像分析法定量分析了孔隙结构特征.研究结果表明:①孔隙度是影响电阻率高低的重要因素,但并非唯一因素,除孔隙度以外,孔隙尺寸和数量、孔隙网络复杂程度远比吼道大小对电阻率的影响大;②在孔隙度一定的条件下,胶结指数m随储层中孤立大孔隙占比的增多而增大,当孔隙度增大到一定程度后,胶结指数m又随大孔隙占比的增多而减小,微裂缝起重要沟通作用;③在给定孔隙度时,以简单大孔隙为主的岩样表现为胶结指数m值较大,而以复杂孔隙网络、细小孔隙为主的岩样表现为胶结指数m值较小,具分散、孤立大孔隙的岩样,胶结指数m值最高;④依据孔隙几何参数与电阻率和胶结指数之间的关系,可以利用测井资料间接判别储层类型,从而提高储层有效性和含水饱和度评价精度. 相似文献
997.
Summary First an introduction into the dynamo problem and the core paradox is given. A novel theory of the volume dependence of Grüneisen's parameter is used for calculating the adiabatic temperatures on the assumption that the melting temperature of the material is reached at the boundary between the inner and outer cores of the Earth (IOB). On this condition, thermal convectionthroughout the outer core is impossible according to the melting-point curves ofKennedy andHiggins (1973) andLiu (1975), whereas it is permitted by that ofLeppaluoto (1972),Boschi (1975), andStacey (1977). Various possibilities of solving the core paradox are described.Mitt. d. ZIPE Nr. 682. 相似文献
998.
雅鲁藏布江缝合带西段出露东波和普兰等多个大型的超镁铁岩体,其成因还存在争议。为此我们近年来对东波蛇绿岩开展了地表填图并实施了一口1002m的科学钻探DSD-1。研究显示具有"厚幔极薄壳"特征的东波蛇绿岩记录了多期岩浆事件:(1)~137Ma的OIB型玄武岩和138~144Ma的OIB型辉绿岩和辉长岩,以及普遍出露熔融程度达30%以上的亏损型方辉橄榄岩,反映了早白垩世初期古洋盆受到地幔柱活动影响;(2)129Ma的薄壳均质辉长岩(I型)、128Ma的辉长岩脉(Ⅱ型)和科钻岩芯中厚18m辉绿岩(Ⅲ型)的地球化学成分均与西南印度洋洋脊玄武岩类似,它们是在慢速-超慢速扩张脊附近大洋核杂岩侵位过程中形成的;(3)地表辉绿岩脉(Ⅳ型)的SIMS和SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄为121~123Ma,全岩地球化学具有异常低的REE、HFSE含量及明显的Th、Nb、Zr、Hf负异常,类似于Albanide-Hellenide造山带蛇绿岩中的无壳源物质混染的中钛玄武岩,指示辉绿岩脉形成于洋内初始俯冲环境。总的来说,东波蛇绿岩记录了早白垩世地幔柱影响的超慢速扩张和初始洋内俯冲过程。 相似文献
999.
Summary. Results from several recent studies suggest that there are lateral heterogeneities of up to a few per cent in the lowermost 150–200 km of the mantle (Bullen's D " region). Inferred anomaly sizes span the range from less than 50 km to greater than 1000 km.
In this study differences in the velocity structure among regions at the base of the mantle were inferred from an analysis of amplitude ratios of PKPAB and PKPDF for given earthquake-station pairs at distances greater than 155° (Sacks, Snoke & Beach). We distinguish two kinds of regions: A (anomalous) regions in which the mean, median and spread in AB/DF amplitude ratios are significantly higher (> 50 per cent) than for a reference radial earth model and N (normal) regions in which the distribution of the amplitude ratios is as expected.
The AB branch has near-grazing incidence to the core and therefore maximum sensitivity to velocity structure compared to the near-normal incident DF phases. Using an iterative, forward-modelling approach, we have determined general characteristics of the velocity structure for regions at the base of the mantle which can produce amplitude-ratio distributions similar to those for an A region. Agreement between model and data is obtained over the period range from 0.5 s to greater than 10 s using a laterally heterogeneous model for the D " region. the model consists of cells which are 200 km in lateral extent with velocity variations of up to ±1 per cent. This structure is modulated by a region-wide (1000km) perturbation which increases smoothly from zero at the edges of the region to a negative 1 per cent at the centre. Small cells (∼40 km) cannot produce anomalously large amplitude, long-period AB arrivals, and larger cells (∼1000km) cannot match the observed scatter. the ∼200 km scale anomalies could be small-scale convection cells confined to the D " region. 相似文献
In this study differences in the velocity structure among regions at the base of the mantle were inferred from an analysis of amplitude ratios of PKPAB and PKPDF for given earthquake-station pairs at distances greater than 155° (Sacks, Snoke & Beach). We distinguish two kinds of regions: A (anomalous) regions in which the mean, median and spread in AB/DF amplitude ratios are significantly higher (> 50 per cent) than for a reference radial earth model and N (normal) regions in which the distribution of the amplitude ratios is as expected.
The AB branch has near-grazing incidence to the core and therefore maximum sensitivity to velocity structure compared to the near-normal incident DF phases. Using an iterative, forward-modelling approach, we have determined general characteristics of the velocity structure for regions at the base of the mantle which can produce amplitude-ratio distributions similar to those for an A region. Agreement between model and data is obtained over the period range from 0.5 s to greater than 10 s using a laterally heterogeneous model for the D " region. the model consists of cells which are 200 km in lateral extent with velocity variations of up to ±1 per cent. This structure is modulated by a region-wide (1000km) perturbation which increases smoothly from zero at the edges of the region to a negative 1 per cent at the centre. Small cells (∼40 km) cannot produce anomalously large amplitude, long-period AB arrivals, and larger cells (∼1000km) cannot match the observed scatter. the ∼200 km scale anomalies could be small-scale convection cells confined to the D " region. 相似文献
1000.