多边形筒型基础海上建造过程中移位及起浮技术研究

以广东省某海域海上风电项目为背景,针对六边形钢混组合筒型基础海上建造过程中敞口筒裙无法自浮移位及基础整体起浮稳性不足的问题,提出了一种基于助浮浮箱提高基础移位及起浮稳性的技术,并分别基于SESAM和ABAQUS软件进行了整体浮稳性分析与结构强度校核。计算结果表明：在浮箱助浮作用下,可将基础满足稳性要求的吃水深度从13 m减小至8 m,极大地降低了对基础制造海域水深的要求;敞口筒裙—浮箱移位及筒型基础—浮箱起浮过程中,其整体垂荡与纵摇固有周期均随吃水深度的增加而增大,且两种结构分别在7 m和8 m吃水深度下的运动响应最优;移位及起浮过程中,浮箱与基础结构的应力均满足结构强度要求。此项技术的研究及在广东省某海域的成功应用,为推动在更多的浅海区域预制大型筒型基础结构提供了可借鉴的技术。     

集装箱港区港内最优道路长度确定的方法研究

通过合理布置港内道路,优化道路长度解决港区集装箱车流拥堵问题,保证港口车流的运行通畅,是提高港口运营效率及服务水平的有效途径。以港区内集装箱车流的速度-密度-流量关系为基础,并对密度函数进行了线性化、堵塞突变、堵塞推移的假设,利用几何原理解决时空积分的困难,推导出港区集装箱车道的最优长度表达式。通过实例计算,验证该表达式的可靠性,从而为原有港口道路优化改造及新建港口道路设计提供了充分的计算依据。     

Scale and scope of maritime cargoes through the Arctic Passages

This paper investigates the sources of goods being shipped through the Arctic passages, and trade generated in the Arc- tic, including oil and gas exploitation. Furthermore, it assesses the present situation for maritime cargo shipped from the Far East to Northwestern Europe and North America. Two main types of cargo are predicted to pass through the Arctic passages in the future. First, about 10 million t of liquefied natural gas will be delivered from Russia and the Nordic Arctic to the Far East by 2030. Second, there will be two-way trade flow of containerized cargo from the Far East to Europe and the United States through the North- east, Central and Northwest Passages. This will relieve pressure on present routes from the Far East to Northwestern Europe and North America. If Arctic navigation is technically possible in all seasons and shipping costs fall to those of ordinary ships, then assuming an equal share of shipping volume with the traditional canal routes, the maximum container freight passing through the Arctic passages by 2030 will be approximately 17.43 million TEUs （Twenty-foot Equivalent Units） per year, which is 85% of the volume transported on traditional canal routes in 2011. We conclude that there will be large-scale gas transportation through the Northeast Passage in the near future, and transit shipping across the Arctic will focus more on container transportation. The differences in shipping costs between Arctic routes and traditional canal routes are also compared.     

丝绸之路经济带国际集装箱陆路运输的经济适应范围

丝绸之路经济带国际集装箱陆路运输规模与日俱增,其中铁路在陆路运输中占据重要地位。研究分析了丝绸之路经济带内中国国际集装箱运输现状,建立了多式联运竞争的分析模型,并利用调研收集的数据对以重庆和西安为起点的国际集装箱陆路运输经济适应区域进行了定量分析。结果表明,受海运价格的影响,中亚地区、蒙古国及俄罗斯的西伯利亚区、乌拉尔区、伏尔加河沿岸区和中央联邦区是丝绸之路经济带铁路运输的比较优势区域,乌克兰、白俄罗斯、波兰及俄罗斯的西北联邦区、南方联邦区等是优势扩展区,而欧洲和亚洲其他大部分区域的海运(海陆联运)优势远大于铁路联运。     

Suppression of Wave-Excited Vibration of Offshore Platform by Use of Tuned Liquid Dampers

This paper describes experimenlal and theoretical investigations of Tuned Liquid Damper (TLD) characteristics tor suppressing the wave-excited structural vibration. The structural model lor the experiments is scaled according to a full size offshore platform by matching their dynamic properties. Rectangular TLDs of different sizes with partially filled liquid are examined. By observing the performance and behavior of TLDs through laboratory experiments, the study investigates the influence of a number of parameters, including container size, container shape, frequency ratio, and incident wave characteristics. In an analytical study, a mathematical model that describes the nonlinear behavior of liquid in TLD and the interaction of TLD and structure is prerequisite. The validity of the model is evaluated and simulating results can reasonably match the corresponding experimental results.     

港口集装箱物流的流体力学模拟研究初探

港口集装箱物流在国民经济发展中的作用日苴凸显,许多国家对此进行了深入研究,但多未涉及到物流过程的自然规律。受到近年来应用广泛的遗传算法、神经网络和水电比拟等方法的启示,注意到港口集装箱物流与自然界的流体运动具有相似性,故可采用流体力学方法来模拟港口集装箱物流的运动过程,以揭示港口集装箱物流的内在运动规律,找到物流过程中的敏感环节,最终达到优化物流过程的目的。对利用流体力学对港口集装箱物流进行模拟的研究方法进行了初步探讨。     

XML--沟通无极限

在介绍XML相关知识的基础上，重点阐述了使用XML作为表达数据结构的数据容器时通过其它语言查询提取其中文档元素信息的功能。分析和实例表明，XML是有表达丰富的数据和提供简便快捷的数据查询的特点和优点。     

Experimental study on the effectiveness of TLDs under wave loading

The objective of this study is to experimentally investigate the effectiveness of Tuned Liquid Dampers (TLDs) for suppressing the dynamic response of a platform structure subjected to wave loading and to explore the applicability of TLDs for suppressing the structural vibration of fixed offshore platforms. The experimental model is scaled according to a full size platform by matching its dynamic properties. Rectangular and circular TLDs of various sizes and water depths are examined.The experiments were performed in a 2-D wave flume. The effectiveness of TLDs is evaluated based on their response reduction. By observing the performance and the behavior of TLDs through laboratory experiments, the effects of a number of parameters including container shape, container size, number of dampers, frequency ratio, mass ratio, and incident wave characteristics are investigated.     

我国集装箱港口发展和布局刍议

论述了世界集装箱港口的发展趋势,深入分析了我国集装箱港口发展的成就与问题,最后提出了集装箱港口的合理布局。     

中国沿海集装箱港口航运网络空间联系及区域差异

沿海港口是“一带一路”海陆双向通道的交汇点,航运网络则是港口融入海上丝绸之路的载体,其空间联系及一体化水平是港口整体竞争力的重要指标。利用复杂网络模型对2005年与2015年航运网络联系进行定量刻画和空间分析,探讨近10年来中国集装箱港口航运网络的空间联系和区域差异,结果表明：① 中国集装箱港口航运网络具有较高的集聚系数与较小的平均路径长度,整体服从小世界模型。各港口间的网络可达性与中转衔接功能差异性较小,各地的区域性枢纽港较为稳定。② 基于社会网络分析(UCINET)呈现的最强联系航运网络看,三个相对独立的区域性网络演变为全国性的轴—辐空间网络,航运网络的一体化程度显著提升。③ 从区域差异来看,四大区域港口间的联系强度增强,台湾地区各港口的最强联系区域由珠三角变为长三角,其网络可达性及中转衔接功能有所提升,并形成以高雄港为区域性枢纽的区域性网络。整个台湾地区港口与大陆其他区域的联系强度上升79.46%,而香港港虽保持了与深圳港的最强联系,但与大陆港口的整体联系强度却下降了22.99%,从全国性枢纽港弱化为珠三角区域性枢纽港。