螺旋CT原理,扫描参数和图像重建

螺旋ＣＴ最显著的特征是Ｘ线球管围绕病人旋转时,扫描床上病人连续通过机架,由于滑环技术的发明螺旋ＣＴ于１９８９年投入临床应用,它被广泛接受并成功地应用于人体各个部位的检查。由于产生容积数据,螺旋ＣＴ产生较少的呼吸遣漏扫描且可行允许重建,提高了Ｚ轴的分辨率。     

螺旋CT对肺癌气管支气管改变的分析研究

目的是探讨肺癌改变要注意观察其支气管改变,全面评价病灶部位,大小,形态及浸润范围。方法采用了螺旋ＣＴ薄层扫描（ＳＶＣＴ）后,再做增强ＣＴ扫描,然后对６８例肺癌气管支气管进行分析研究,结果明确指出了６８例病人均进行ＣＴ检查,其中５４例经手术病理,支气管镜或细胞学检查证实,从而明确了螺旋ＣＴ是诊断支气管肺癌的重要方法之一,非常有益于临床方案的选择和设计。     

用单片机实现水声遥控指令的脉冲周期编码（PTC）信号

本文介绍用单片机实现脉冲周期编码（ＰＴＣ）的电路,给出硬件和软件的配置,其特点是灵活、简单、可靠,适合用于水下传输多个声遥控指令     

跨图幅要素物理无缝拼接关键技术研究及软件实现

以计算机技术代替手工劳动实现跨图幅要素物理无缝拼接的自动化为目标。通过分析图幅与要素之间的关系,将图幅编号与要素的相关属性结合,在此基础上,实现跨图幅要素的自动搜索,最终做到将跨图幅的要素自动拼接在一起。开发的软件,实现了跨图幅要素拼接的自动化目标,并用于生产。实践表明,该技术的研究和软件的实现能够成倍地提高生产效率、确保数据质量,具有实用价值。     

SIMPLE PUSH-OVER ANALYSIS OF ASYMMETRIC BUILDINGS

A simple method for the non-linear static analysis of complex building structures subjected to monotonically increasing horizontal loading (push-over analysis) is presented. The method is designed to be a part of new methodologies for the seismic design and evaluation of structures. It is based on the extension of a pseudo-three-dimensional mathematical model of a building structure into the non-linear range. The structure consists of planar macroelements. For each planar macroelement, a simple bilinear or multilinear base shear–top displacement relationship is assumed. By a step-by-step analysis an approximate relationship between the global base shear and top displacement is computed. During the analysis the development of plastic hinges throughout the building can be monitored. The method has been implemented into a prototype computer program. In the paper the mathematical model, the base shear–top displacement relationships for different types of macroelements, and the step-by-step computational procedure are described. The method has been applied for the analysis of a symmetric and an asymmetric variant of a seven-storey reinforced concrete frame–wall building, as well as for the analysis of a complex asymmetric 21-storey reinforced concrete wall building. The influence of torsion on structural behaviour is discussed. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

与高岭石固相平衡的酸性天然地表水中铝形态分布的计算机模拟

基于热力学平衡计算,用计算机模拟研究了与高岭石固相平衡的酸性天然地表水中铝的形态分布,讨论了影响铝莆态分布的各种因素,同三水铝石固相平衡相比,与高岭石固相平衡的酸性天然地表水中,铝的形态分布与溶解硅酸的浓度密度相关,聚合态铝浓度较低,总溶解铝浓度明湿减小约２个数量级,模型被用于实际水样的分析,所得结果与实验值符合较好,最后用Ｍｏｎｔｅ Ｃａｒｌｏ模拟考察了由于平衡常数的选择而带来的不确定性。     

与高岭石固相平衡的酸性天然地表水中铝的缓冲作用的计算机模拟

基于质量守恒以及电中性条件,采用化学平衡计算法,计算模拟研究了高岭石固相平衡的酸性天然地表水中铝的缓冲作用对ｐＨ值,酸中和容量ＡＮＣ和缓冲强度β的影响,讨论了影响酸性地表水ｐＨ估算的各种因素,如溶解硅酸的浓度,溶解总无机碳的浓度,溶解总氟和总有机碳的浓度及温度等。模型被用于实际水样的分析,所得结果与实验值符合较好,用ＭｏｎｔｅＣａｒｌｏ模拟考察了由于平衡常数的选择以及水化学参数测量误差而带来的不确     

Simulation of Stress Distribution around Tunnels and Interaction between Tunnels Using an Elasto–plastic Model

This article presents a computer simulation of stress distribution around tunnels and interaction between tunnels using an elasto-plastic model. A finite element method using ANSYS software has been used for the analyses of one and two tunnels at different overburden depths with different separating distances between the tunnels. The results of numerical analyses indicate that stress distribution and stress concentration around the tunnels vary with the overburden depths. It is found that the coefficients of stress concentration for elasto-plastic medium are smaller than those for elastic one by 1.9%. Furthermore, the interaction between the two tunnels rapidly decreases with the increase of separation distance between them. In addition, for quantitatively describing the interaction between the two tunnels, a critical separation distance is introduced. The critical separation distances between the two tunnels at different overburden depths are 8 m, 12 m, and 14 m respectively. This fact is very important and essential for the design of mining tunnels and to ensure safety in tunnel engineering.     

基于形态学灰度重构的乳腺微钙化点提取

针对乳腺X线摄片,提出了一种计算机辅助检测乳腺微钙化点的方法:首先利用灰度形态重构完成穹顶提取,除去乳腺背景结构同时又能很好地保留微钙化点;其次运用拉普拉斯算子在空间域内对图像进行锐化以增强微钙化点;然后在频率域内利用巴特沃思高通滤波器对图像进行高通滤波;最后利用二维最大熵阈值分割对图像二值化,从而检测出微钙化点并在图像上标识出来。计算机辅助诊断的方法不仅避免了医生因大量阅片引起疲劳而造成误诊,起到了协助医生诊断的作用,而且提高了诊断的效率和准确率。     

良性对称性脂肪瘤病的影像诊断

目的探讨Madelung`s病的CT及MR表现。资料与方法结合文献回顾分析16例良性对称性脂肪瘤病患者的临床资料。回顾性分析2003年5月～2005年12月间我院影像及临床科室证实的Madelung`s病16例。男性15例,女性1例。应用GE Process F-II型多层螺旋CT扫描机以及XGY OPER-0.35T永磁性磁共振扫描仪。行颈部及下颌部扫描。磁共振扫描常规应用脂肪抑制序列。结果16例病人中4人表现为颈后部、双侧肩部皮下脂肪过度堆积;9例患者表现为双侧颌下脂肪层增厚、双侧咽旁间隙、腮腺周围间隙脂肪过度堆积;3例病人表现为双侧颌下、颈前部、双侧锁骨上窝深浅筋膜间隙脂肪组织过度堆积。CT及MR增强扫描未见异常强化,其内血管分布与走行未见异常。磁共振压脂像显示为正常脂肪组织,未见其它异常信号显示。