AN IMPROVED SEMI-IMPLICIT TIME DIFFERENCE SCHEME OF SPECTRAL MODEL AND NUMERICAL APPLICATIONS*

In fact,the popular semi-implicit time difference scheme of spectral model still includes some important linear terms using time explicit difference scheme,and the major terms are directly related to fast internal-and external-gravity waves in the atmospheric forecasting equation.Additionally,due to using time difference on two terms at different time.the popular schemear tificially introduces unbalance between pressure gradient force and Coriolis force terms while numerically computing their small difference between large quantities.According to the computational stability analysis conducted to the linear term time difference scheme in simple harmonic motion equation,one improved semi-implicit time difference scheme is also designed in our study.By adopting a kind of revised time-explicit-difference scheme to these linear terms that still included in spectral model governing equations,the defect of spectral model which only partlyusing semi-implicit integrating scheme can be overcome effectively.Moreover,besides all spectral coefficients of prognostic equations,especially of Helmholtz divergence equation,can be worked out without any numerical iteration,the time-step (computation stability) can also be enlarged (enhanced) by properly introducing an adjustable coefficient.     

风沙环境中公路风沙灾害的数值模拟

为揭示沙漠公路两侧风沙流场的空间分布特性,采用欧拉-拉格朗日方法,把气流作为连续介质,把沙粒作为离散体系,利用ANSYS标准k-ε湍流模型和DPM离散相模型,模拟了不同沙粒粒径(150、200、250、300、350μm)、不同摩阻风速(0.20、0.35、0.50、0.65、0.80 m·s^-1)、不同挡风墙高度(1.0、1.5、2.0、2.5、3.0 m)以及不同挡风墙开孔情况下的公路路基附近的沙粒跃移运动,统计了挡风墙前后的沙粒数目,给出了公路路基坡脚和坡顶等典型断面上的气流速度廓线。结果表明:气流通过挡风墙顶部时受压加速,有利于沙粒的输送,而在挡风墙前部气流遇阻减速,形成沙粒堆积。随着沙粒粒径的变大,沙粒跃过挡风墙的能力逐渐变低;随着摩阻风速的变大,气流输运能力增强,更多沙粒越过挡风墙;随着挡风墙高度的增加,阻挡沙粒数亦逐渐增多;挡风墙开孔的位置和大小亦影响着沙粒的运动。这表明离散相模型对复杂下垫面风沙跃移运动的计算具有良好的效果。     

Modern geostatistics: computational BME analysis in the light of uncertain physical knowledge – the Equus Beds study

This paper is concerned with a computational formulation of the Bayesian maximum entropy (BME) mapping method, which can handle rigorously and efficiently spatiotemporal applications of considerable practical importance. BME is a method of modern geostatistics that can integrate and process physical knowledge that belongs to two major bases: general knowledge (i.e., obtained from general principles and laws, summary statistics and background information), and specificatory knowledge (i.e., obtained through experience with the specific situation). BME allows considerable flexibility regarding the choice of an appropriate spatiotemporal map, offers a complete assessment of the mapping uncertainty and contributes to the scientific understanding of the underlying natural phenomenon. Valuable insight is gained by studying a spatiotemporal data set representing water-level elevations at the Equus Beds aquifer (Kansas). Numerical results show that, as was expected in theory, classical geostatistics analysis is obtained as a special case of the considerably more general BME approach. Moreover, modern geostatistical analysis in terms of BME offers more accurate and informative results in practice, by incorporating various sources of physical knowledge that cannot be processed by the classical methods.     

多层砖房底部两层框架抗震变形性能分析

为实现多层砖房底部两层框架结构的加固,需要研究其抗震变形性能。以某底部两层框架、上部四层砖房建筑为对象,通过STRAND7有限元软件构建有限元计算模型,考虑水平荷载与垂直荷载,深入分析多层砖房底部两层框架抗震变形性能。仿真结果表明,建筑结构振型受结构横向楼板刚度的影响较显著,不同振型的频率变化中,X向1阶频率与Y向2阶频率变化最快,楼板平面内弯曲频率变化最慢;整体结构在X向与Y向分别呈现线性剪切变形和弯剪变形,Y向上由于填充墙发挥抗震墙功能,底部两层框架变形较小;在7度多遇地震影响下,底部两层结构中第二层楼板变形较第一层严重,多层砖房底部两层框架建筑结构处于弹性工作状态。     

应用量纲分析法建立抗滑桩间距的计算模型

抗滑桩是滑坡防治中的一种主要工程措施。桩间距是抗滑桩工程中一个非常重要的参数,它不仅影响到滑坡治理效果,而且影响到工程造价,如何科学地确定桩间距？目前,工程界一般按照2～5倍桩宽度的经验公式来确定桩间距;理论方面,一些研究人员从桩-土之间相互作用力的关系入手进行了一些探讨与研究,获得了多种复杂的桩间距计算模型。应用量纲分析法,从影响桩间距的因素入手,建立了桩间距的计算模型,为研究桩间距的计算提供了另一种途径。     

基于新型LE水平跳点网格的阴阳网格平流方案设计

为了模拟球面平流传输过程,本文基于球面阴阳重叠网格设计了一种两时间层半拉格朗日平流方案.该方案在球面坐标下采用新型的LE水平跳点网格,同时针对阴阳网格重叠区,采用了不同插值方法进行比较分析,且进行了相关的理想数值试验对方案设计效果进行评估.数值试验表明方案设计是成功的,阴阳网格重叠区平流对插值方案比较敏感;半拉格朗日方案能较好地模拟球面刚体平流和变形涡旋的结构、位置及演变过程,并具有较好的数值稳定性和较高的数值精度.     

罗兰C接收机的数字带通滤波器的设计

根据罗兰C信号的特点,设计直接FIR滤波器,在直接FIR滤波器的基础上介绍插值滤波器设计方法,根据罗兰C信号的频谱特性设计出满足要求的插值滤波器,通过比较发现：在相同的参数下,插值滤波器比直接FIR滤波器节省了很大的阶数,体现在运算量和资源占用量,在工程应用上有很大的优势,而且所要求的频带越窄,采样率越大,节省资源的百分比就越大。     

计算几何法在风暴识别中的应用

风暴的合并与分裂对其发展有着重要的影响,是风暴识别与追踪工作中的难点问题。为了避免由资料处理过程引起的虚假合并,以及通过识别风暴的合并与分裂临界区域,对判断风暴的发展趋势提供有效的追踪参数,基于SCIT(Storm Cell Identification and Tracking Algorithm)风暴识别的基础,利用计算几何的凸壳与DT(Delaunay Triangle)算法,结合风暴内部的结构信息,识别出了风暴带以及风暴带合并与分裂的临界区域。并且给出了实现的个例以及算法的评价结果,为风暴合并与分裂的追踪工作提供了一个新的参数。     

气溶胶粒子反演的约束优化方法

气溶胶粒子大小分布是地球环境科学研究中最重要的方向之一.由数学物理模型来估计气溶胶的粒子分布是一个不适定的反问题,反演的目的就是用适定的问题来代替不适定问题,并获得原问题解的近似.本文研究气溶胶粒子分布的约束优化反演方法.首先探讨了问题的病态性,接着基于对待反演参数施加先验约束给出了正则化模型.在正则化的具体实现上,研...