罕遇地震下村镇建筑复合隔震系统的地震响应特征及设计参数

为研究罕遇地震下复合隔震村镇建筑的地震响应特征及设计参数,采用ABAQUS有限元软件建立了复合隔震结构、滑移隔震结构、砂垫层隔震结构以及传统的砌体结构四种模型,通过对比4种模型在不同滑移层摩擦系数及不同地震烈度下的加速度、位移及底部剪力等动力响应差异,得出复合隔震体系的地震响应特征及主要设计参数。结果表明:复合隔震体系具有最优的隔震效果,且滑移层摩擦系数越小,地震烈度越大,隔震效果越好。根据预设40%隔震率的要求,确定出不同抗震设防烈度区的滑移层摩擦系数取值范围。     

基础柔性对土-结构相互作用系统响应影响的一个解析解

采用波函数展开法,通过SH波入射均匀半空间中二维埋置半圆形刚柔复合基础-单质点模型,推导土-刚柔复合基础-上部结构动力相互作用的解析解,并验证解的正确性。研究表明:基础柔性对于系统响应峰值与系统频率有较大影响。考虑基础柔性后,上部结构相对响应峰值相比全刚性基础结果均有一定减小,且系统频率也会产生向低频偏移的现象。     

较小剪跨比轻钢-尾砂微晶发泡板组合墙抗震性能试验

提出了一种轻钢-尾砂微晶发泡板组合墙结构,首次进行了4个较小剪跨比轻钢-尾砂微晶发泡板组合墙试件的低周反复荷载试验,试件区分在于尾砂微晶发泡板强度、龙骨间是否填充砌块及有无拼接板缝。分析了各试件的强度、刚度、延性、滞回特性、耗能能力及破坏特征。研究结果表明:轻钢与尾砂微晶发泡板具有良好的共同工作性能;弹性阶段尾砂微晶发泡板呈剪切变形,且其变形发展受轻钢龙骨和镶嵌的分布钢筋制约;尾砂微晶发泡板强度可以明显提高结构的承载力;构件拼缝对结构的承载力有降低作用;轻钢龙骨间填充轻质砌块可显著提高其抗震性能。     

商丹断裂南阳盆地第四纪活动研究

为了研究商丹断裂的空间展布及断裂活动性特征,跨断裂布设了4条浅层地震勘探测线和1条钻孔联合地质剖面.综合分析表明,商丹断裂为一条走向NWW的正断层,钻孔联合地质剖面揭示断裂上断点埋深为13—19 m,最新活动时代为中更新世晚期.     

Decoupled kinematics of two neighbouring permafrost creeping landforms in the Eastern Italian Alps

An overall acceleration of rock glacier displacement rates in the Alps has been observed in recent decades, with several cases of destabilization leading to potential geomorphological hazards. This behaviour has been attributed to the rising permafrost temperature, induced by atmospheric warming and regulated by thermo-hydrological processes. Landforms derived from the interaction of glacier remnants and permafrost are widespread in mountain areas, but are less studied and monitored than talus rock glaciers. This work presents a comparative study of a talus rock glacier and a glacial-permafrost composite landform (GPCL) in the Eastern Italian Alps. The two landforms are only 10 km apart, but have rather different elevation ranges and main slope aspects. The kinematics and ground thermal conditions were monitored from 2001 to 2015 along with geomorphological surveys, analyses of historical maps and remote sensing data. The dynamic behaviour of the rock glacier was similar to the majority of monitored rock glaciers in the Alps, with an acceleration after 2008 and a velocity peak in 2015. In contrast, the GPCL had a nearly unchanged displacement rate during the observation period. Statistical analyses of kinematic vs. nivo-meteorological variables revealed a dynamic decoupling of the two landforms after 2008 that corresponds with increased winter snow accumulation. Although the kinematics of both landforms respond to ground surface temperature variations, the collected evidence suggests a different reaction of ground surface temperature to variations in the precipitation regime. This different reaction is likely due to local topo-climatic conditions that affect snow redistribution by wind. The different reactions of the two systems to the same climatic forcing is likely a legacy of their different origins. GPCL dynamics result from interaction of permafrost and residual glacial dynamics that are associated with possible peculiarities in the internal/basal meltwater circulation, whose future response is uncertain and requires improved understanding. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

超强吸水性蒙脱石/聚丙烯酸钠复合材料的研究

以蒙脱石和丙烯酸为原料,采用溶液聚合法合成了超强吸水性蒙脱石／聚丙烯酸钠复合材料,优化了该复合材料吸自来水性能的配方,即蒙脱石添加量为30％,单体的中和度为70％．交联剂用量为0．10％,引发剂用量为0．15％,在此配方下制备的复合材料吸蒸馏水倍率为420g／g,吸自来水倍率为220g／g,吸生理盐水倍率为55g／g,凝胶强度215g／cm^2。同时,该复合材料具有聚合反应便于控制且不粘容器、吸水倍率高、抗盐性能好、凝胶强度大、成本大幅度降低的优点,可广泛应用于农林园艺、生态环境治理等领域作保水剂。     

北京电影产业空间集聚与网络权力分布特征研究

论文选取2015年北京电影企业领衔出品的115部影片为样本构建了北京电影产业网络。在此基础上,使用核密度分析法分析了北京电影产业的空间集聚特征,并运用社会网络分析法测度了北京电影产业的网络权力分布。研究发现：① 北京电影产业拥有4种类型的集聚区,前3种受市场机制下的路径依赖作用,位于城市核心老城区;第4种受政府规划作用,位于城市远郊区。② 北京电影产业网络中权力的分布非常不平衡,4家国有电影企业占据了权力的核心。这4家国有电影企业与中国电影集团公司有着千丝万缕的密切联系,具有高度的组织制度邻近性,它们依托中国电影集团公司内部的股权网络,形成资本、人员、技术、信息交流的密切通道,并通过多种方式控制、协调整个北京电影产业网络的组织运营。     

黑潮延伸体区域脱落涡旋的三维合成结构研究

Using AVISO satellite altimeter observations during 1993–2015 and a manual eddy detection method, a total of 276 anticyclonic rings and 242 cyclonic rings shed from the Kuroshio Extension(KE) were identified, and their three-dimensional(3D) anomaly structures were further reconstructd based on the Argo float data and the Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology(JAMSTEC) cruise and buoy data through an interpolation method. It is found that the cyclonic(anticyclonic) rings presented consistent negative(positive) anomalies of potential temperature;meanwhile the relevant maximum anomaly center became increasingly shallow for the cyclonic rings whereas it went deeper for the anticyclonic rings as the potential temperature anomaly decreased from the west to the east. The above deepening or shoaling trend is associated with the zonal change of the depth of the main thermocline. Moreover, the composite cold ring between 140° and 150°E was found to exhibit a double-core vertical structure due to the existence of mode water with low potential vorticity. Specifically, a relatively large negative(positive) salinity anomaly and a small positive(negative) one appeared for the composite cyclonic(anticyclonic) ring at the depth above and below 600 m, respectively. The underlying driving force for the temperature and salinity anomaly of the composite rings was also attempted, which varies depending on the intensity of the background current and the temperature and salinity fields in different areas of the KE region, and the rings’ influences on the temperature and salinity could reach deeper than 1 000 m on average.     

西南地区干旱的变化特征及其与大气环流的关系

选用1962—2017年（10月~次年5月）西南地区（四川、贵州、云南和重庆市）90 个地面气象观测台站的逐日降水和日平均气温实测气象要素资料,运用综合气象干旱指数[WTBX](CI)[WTBZ]统计出西南地区累计干旱日数和频次,并分析两者近56 a来的时空变化特征,再挑选其高、低值年进行大气环流形势讨论,最后制作差值图（均为高值年减低值年）与相关场构造的图进行比较。研究结果表明：累计干旱日数和频次均呈逐渐降低的趋势;两者的年代距平在20世纪60年代~80年代同为正,而在20世纪90年代同为负,其后21世纪初两者距平则相反;累计干旱日数具有5 a和9 a的年际周期变化,12 a的年代际周期,干旱频次具有8 a左右的年际周期和20 a的年代际周期;两者均在四川西部地区和云南中北部为大值中心,云南西部、重庆和贵州中东部为小值中心;高、中和低层的环流形势也缺少水汽和系统抬升等配置关系。     

不同趋势法的宁夏长时序植被变化分析

宁夏地处黄土高原,植被变化趋势直接影响其生态保护。本文应用2005—2015年的MODIS NDVI月合成产品,并采用最大合成法得到年NDVI数据,分别利用一元线性回归法和Sen+Mann-Kendall法对宁夏11年间植被变化趋势和空间差异进行研究分析。结果表明,在月际变化上,月NDVI均值呈高斯分布,7—9月是植被长势最好的阶段;在年际变化上,2005—2007年NDVI值明显增长,2008—2012年NDVI值呈稳定性增长,2013—2015年NDVI值有下降趋势;在变化趋势上,一元线性回归法与Sen+Mann-Kendall法得到的植被变化趋势基本一致,均表现为北部植被整体改善,但局部城区植被退化较为严重;中部地区轻微改善,局部存在明显改善;南部植被有明显改善且植被改善面积较大;通过差异性分析二者差异性仅为22.95%,且Sen+Mann-Kendall法能更好地监测轻微变化区域,变化趋势更加准确。