莱州湾西部地区环境条件的联合概率分析

在海洋环境条件联合概率分析理论的基础上，对莱州湾西部海的羊角沟地区进行了综合环境条件的联合概率分析，以模拟技术中的重点抽样法为理论根据峄该地区为水位ζ、风速Ｕ及波高Ｈ的三维随机变量作了统计分析，得出了多年一遇的各环境条件联合出现的数值，模拟结果令人满意。     

海洋自动监测系统设备的安装

本文简述了自动监测系统现场安装的重要性，提出了设备安装的检查，现场的准备，及设备的安装方法和注意事项。     

胶州湾海水中溶解氨基酸的研究

于１９８６年１月－１１月用高效液相色谱法分析胶州湾１０个站位表层和底层海水中溶解游离氨基酸（ＤＦＡＡ）的组成、含量的分布及其季节变化。结果表明，７个站位的表层海水中月平均总溶解游离氨基酸（ＴＤＦＡＡ）含量范围为１．２４－２．２８ｕｍｏｌ／Ｌ。多数站位在２月份处于最低值（０．４ｕｍｏｌ／Ｌ），１１月份达最高值（５．０ｕｍｏｌ／Ｌ）。所测氨基酸中，Ｇｌｕ，Ｇｌｙ、Ａｒｇ、Ｌｅｕ，Ｏｒｎ，Ｓｅｒ等占优势     

A new potential function for the calculation of contact forces in the combined finite–discrete element method

Although the potential contact force proposed by Munjiza overcomes the difficulties inherent in the traditional discrete element methods, the physical meaning of the potential is not clear and the contact force derived from the original potential function is strongly dependent on the mesh configuration. In this study, we redefine a potential function and propose a new contact force calculation method based on a unified standard. Moreover, the new potential function retains all the advantages of the original potential function but has less mesh dependency. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Temporal fluctuations of water repellency in forest soils of Galicia,NW Spain. Do soil samples dried at laboratory reflect the potential soil water repellency?

Water repellency is a widespread property of Pinus pinaster and Eucalyptus globulus forest soils in NW Spain and is particularly severe during the summer dry conditions. The aim of this work was to compare actual water repellency at field‐moist samples with potential water repellency after drying at 25 and 105 °C in samples collected at different times of year under four forest soils. Also, we investigated whether drying at 25 or 105 °C led to repellency values comparable to the highest levels reached under field conditions in the summer with a view to developing an appropriate sampling protocol towards estimating the maximum possible water repellency of a given soil as a key to establishing its environmental effects. The actual and potential water repellency was determined by using the water drop penetration time (WDPT) and molarity of an ethanol drop (MED) tests. Clear seasonal patterns of water repellency were observed from the results for the four forest soils, peaking in the dry period and disappearing after prolonged wet periods. Water repellency lasts longer in sandy loam soils than in more finely textured soils, and also under eucalyptus than under pine forests. Drying soil samples at 25 or 105 °C increased water repellency, as measured with the WDPT method, in the four soils, but especially in the non‐repellent samples collected during the wet period. The increase was more marked in the sandy loam soils than in the more finely textured soils, and also after drying at 105 °C than at 25 °C. MED measurements exposed a common trait in the four soils; thus, the water repellency values obtained under field conditions in summer invariably exceeded those obtained after drying at 25 or 105 °C. In addition, the repellency values for dried samples collected in the wet period were never comparable to the maximum levels observed under field conditions in the summer. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

静力压缩下煤岩组合体的裂前宏观弹性模型

煤岩组合体在静力压缩下的宏观变形受界面效应影响,与煤、岩单体存在显著差异。在岩石单体材料的有效介质模型基础上进行改进,考虑了煤岩组合体的构成特征,提出一种适用于不同类型的煤岩组合体的裂前宏观弹性模型。模型参数基于轴向裂纹应变确定,均可从试验曲线获得,方法简单方便。通过现有文献的数据验证,表明了模型的合理性、有效性和普适性。对模型参数进行讨论,结果表明：（1）在煤岩组合体的裂前阶段,煤岩组合体裂纹差异可以忽略;（2）模型通过对煤岩组合体基质进行解耦,反映了界面效应对煤岩组合体弹性性能的影响;（3）模型中岩体基质的有效占比随着煤体比例的提高显著下降;（4）存在岩体与煤体弹性模量的最佳比值,使岩体基质的有效占比最大。模型可为矿井支护方案设计与材料选择提供一种新的思路。     

煤岩组合体峰前能量分布公式推导及试验

冲击地压一定是在能量驱使下发生的,为探索引发冲击地压的能量在煤岩系统中的积聚层位,构建了煤岩组合体力学模型,推导了煤岩组合体峰前能量分布公式,对细砂岩−煤（fine sandstone-coal,简称FC）、粗砂岩−煤（gritstone-coal,简称GC）、细砂岩−煤−粗砂岩（fine sandstone-coal-gritstone,简称FCG）3种组合体开展5种加载速率下的能量积聚规律试验,分析了组合体破坏特征、力学特性及能量积聚规律。试验表明：（1）在0.001 mm/s加载速率下,组合体峰前能量主要以原生裂纹的扩展、贯通的形式缓慢耗散,属于塑性完全破坏;在0.1 mm/s加载速率下,组合体峰前能量主要以局部弹射破坏的形式快速释放,属于脆性不完全破坏。（2）组合体的抗压强度、弹性模量、峰前能量、冲击能量指数与加载速率呈对数关系。随着加载速率增大,组合体抗压强度、弹性模量、冲击能量指数增幅逐渐减小,峰前能量增长率呈现低－高－低的趋势。（3）随着加载速率增加,煤组分储能增多,能量占比增大。在0.001～0.010 mm/s加载速率下,煤组分积聚能量增加较快;在0.010～0.100 mm/s加载速率下,煤组分积聚能量增加较慢。（4）相同加载速率下,煤组分能量占比顺序：FC组合体＞FCG组合体＞GC组合体。（5）组合体中煤组分能量占比均大于50%,煤组分是能量积聚的主要载体。相同应力条件下,软弱岩层能量积聚能力强于坚硬岩层,更易积聚能量。研究结果可为确定冲击地压能量积聚层位和释能减冲工作提供参考。     

Bancroft算法在多卫星导航定位系统解算中的推广应用

提出了一种改进的Bancroft算法运用于组合双系统SPP解算。为检验新算法的解算精度,选取2013年2月采集于武汉大学实验大楼楼顶的GPS/BD双频双模接收机实测数据进行解算。实验结果表明改进的Bancroft算法与传统的最小二乘算法的解算精度相当,其解算效率与最小二乘算法相比提高了22%,从而验证了改进的Bancroft算法在组合双系统SPP解算中的可行性及优越性。     

边坡非线性位移的Verhulst-ARMA组合预测模型研究

针对ARMA模型中时序变量自身变化的复杂性及其预测的不确定性,利用Verhulst提取非平稳时间序列中的趋势项,再对剩下部分采用平稳时间序列建模,建立Verhulst-ARMA组合预测模型。运用文中组合模型对三峡某边坡滑移的实测数据进行分析,验证Verhulst-ARMA组合模型在边坡非线性位移预测中的可靠性和适用性。     

GPS／GLoNASS／GALILEo组合导航DOP值及可用性分析

针对采用单卫星定位系统时,在城市高楼密集区和位于深山峡谷的水库、电站、矿山等环境下,GNSS用户接收到的卫星个数少且卫星分布不佳导致的可用性下降、定位精度较差的问题,提出多系统组合的定位方法。利用GPS、GLONASS及GALILE0系统的轨道参数模拟卫星星座,计算不同卫星高度角下单系统及组合系统的DOP值,根据DOP值分析其可用性。研究表明：在全球时空范围内、相同卫星高度角下,组合系统的可用性高于单系统,三系统组合的可用性高于双系统组合。