陷落柱伴生断层特征及陷落柱预测

通过对陷落柱伴生断层的分布规律、性质及特征的研究,认识了断层带内煤岩层特征及与周围煤岩层的关系,并以此对陷落柱进行预测预报,取得了较好的效果,该方法便于生产现场推广应用。      

陷落柱中“止水塞”的快速建立技术

论述了通过注浆在特大型垂向导水通道——陷落柱中建立人工"止水塞"的技术与途径,即"止水塞"位置选择、厚度计算、注浆钻孔的施工工艺、注浆施工工艺、"止水塞"检查、完善与加固方法,并通过实例说明该项技术的实用性和可推广性。      

渤海湾盆地盖层对天然气富集的影响初探

根据渤海湾盆地部分天然气藏的统计资料,分析了盖层的空间展布,厚度和类型对其封闭能力和天然气分布的影响,提出了盖层临界厚度的概念,研究认为,不同地区或同一地区不同层系天然气富集程度的差异主要是由于盖层的效应造成的。气藏直接盖层厚度与天然气富集程度有一定关系,对于成藏条件相似的众多天然气藏,直接盖层厚度与气柱高度及储量之间不同简单的直线关系,而是存在一个变化范围。     

菜田施肥(化肥)对地下水氮污染影响的实验研究

为研究菜田施肥（化肥）对地下水氮污染的影响,进行了２个土柱模拟菜田施肥（化肥）残存量的实验．结果表明,土柱中化肥残存量的７２．０８％和４７．４４％从渗出水中流出．依据实验数据将实验过程分为３个可能阶段：第１阶段,化肥中的ＮＨ＋４被土壤吸附,并交换出土壤中的Ｋ＋＋Ｎａ＋,Ｃａ２＋和Ｍｇ２＋,使之进入渗出水中;第２阶段,为硝化作用增强的阶段,表现为土柱渗出水中ＮＯ－３的质量浓度比注入水有大幅度增加;第３阶段,为硝化作用强度减弱的阶段,表现为渗出水中ＮＯ－３的质量浓度比注入水增加的幅度减小．     

Seismic vulnerability of reinforced concrete buildings with discontinuity in columns

Irregular reinforced concrete (RC) buildings constitute a significant portion of the existing housing stock. A common type of irregularity is in the form of discontinuity in the vertical framing elements, which can exacerbate their seismic vulnerability. The design guidelines available in seismic design codes essentially cater to only regular buildings, and the safety of such buildings, even when the other guidelines of the codes are followed, is doubtful. This article evaluates the vulnerability of RC frame buildings with discontinuity in columns designed for modern seismic codes, in the form of seismic collapse capacity, collapse resistance against maximum earthquake demand level, and failure mechanism. The adequacy and limitations of the provisions of the seismic design codes are evaluated for such buildings. Analysis results show that the sequential analysis of buildings considering the construction staged effects, considerably affects the design and hence the collapse failure mechanism of even low- and mid-rise buildings. The results also underline the importance of strong column–weak beam design in the seismic performance of the floating column buildings. The vertical component of ground motion is also observed to be relatively more crucial in floating column buildings.     

T形配钢钢骨混凝土柱抗震性能数值分析

为研究非对称配钢钢骨混凝土柱的抗震性能,基于12根T形配钢钢骨混凝土柱的拟静力试验研究进行非线性数值模拟,了解其破坏机制、承载力、延性及耗能能力,探讨轴压比、配钢率、剪跨比对抗震性能的影响。结果表明,低周反复荷载作用下T形配钢钢骨混凝土柱滞回曲线饱满,具有良好的延性和耗能能力。在峰值荷载前,数值模拟结果与试验结果吻合较好。轴压力在一定范围内提高了试件承载力,但降低了延性;增大配钢率能提高试件的承载力、刚度和延性,使得峰值荷载后试件的性能退化趋于平缓;剪跨比对试件破坏形态有显著影响,随剪跨比的增大试件延性性能提高。     

立柱直径比对四立柱平台涡激运动性能影响的数值研究

与单立柱平台(Spar)类似,四立柱平台在洋流作用下也容易发生涡激运动,对锚泊和立管系统的疲劳寿命产生不利影响。一种非对称半潜式平台具有两种不同尺寸的立柱,立柱直径比对非对称平台涡激运动性能的影响尚需深入研究。采用计算流体力学(CFD)方法,对直径比分别为1.0、1.5和2.0的立柱组合在两种不同角度水流作用下的运动响应进行了二维数值模拟,分析发现:立柱直径比不为1时四立柱平台也具有明显的涡激运动,其横荡运动具有显著的锁定现象;在广义折合速度定义下,与相同直径的四立柱平台相比,立柱直径比不为1时其横荡运动锁定区间变宽且滞后,横荡响应幅值的峰值具有明显差异;在所研究的直径比范围内,大直径立柱在上游时涡激运动响应比其在下游时更显著,且这种差异随着直径比变大而变大。     

Modeling RC column flexural failure modes under intensive seismic loading

The aim of this work is to model beam‐column behavior in a computationally effective manner, revealing reliably the overall response of reinforced concrete members subjected to intensive seismic loading. In this respect, plasticity and damage are considered in the predominant longitudinal direction, allowing for fiber finite element modeling, while in addition the effect of inelastic buckling of longitudinal rebars, which becomes essential at later stages of intensive cyclic loading, is incorporated. Α smooth plasticity‐damage model is developed for concrete, accounting for unilateral compressive and tensile behavior, nonlinear unloading and crack closure phenomena. This is used to address concrete core crushing and spalling, which triggers the inelastic buckling of longitudinal rebars. For this reason, a uniaxial local stress‐strain constitutive relation for steel rebars is developed, which is based on a combined nonlinear kinematic and isotropic hardening law. The proposed constitutive model is validated on the basis of existing experimental data and the formulation of the buckling model for a single rebar is developed. The cross section of rebar is discretized into fibers, each one following the derived stress‐strain uniaxial law. The buckling curve is determined analytically, while equilibrium is imposed at the deformed configuration. The proposed models for concrete and rebars are embedded into a properly adjusted fiber beam‐column element of reinforced concrete members and the proposed formulation is verified with existing experimental data under intensive cyclic loading.     

Model for multiblock columns subjected to base excitation

A new model is presented for multiblock columns subjected to earthquakes, which contains an impact and an opening model. Both in the impact and in the opening model, all the possible opening configurations are investigated because it was found that in many practical cases, unexpected patterns may occur. The model is purely mechanical: assuming rigid blocks and classical (inelastic) impact. The effect of energy dissipation during impact was investigated. Using our model in accordance with the literature, it was found that monolithic blocks are more vulnerable to overturning than multiblock systems.     

CIC-200型离子色谱仪常见故障解析

结合夏县中心地震台CIC-200型离子色谱仪实际观测,从仪器输液系统、分离系统、基线、管路等方面详细阐述色谱仪常见故障,逐一分析原因,并给出相应故障排除方法,为同类仪器维护提供参考,并为获得准确观测数据,延长仪器使用寿命,提出日常维护方法及建议。