Amphiphilic sodium alginate-vinyl acetate microparticles for drug delivery

To overcome the fast or burst release of hydrophilic drugs from hydrophilic alginate-based carriers,hydrophobic molecule(vinyl acetate,VAc)was grafted on alginate(Alg),which was further used to prepare drug carriers.Amphiphilic Alg-g-PVAc hydrogel beads were firstly prepared by emulsification/internal gelation technique for the loading of bovine serum albumin(BSA).Then,chitosan was coated on the surface of beads to form novel amphiphilic Alg-g-PVAc/chitosan(Alg-g-PVAc/CS)microcapsules.The BSA-loading amphiphilic Alg-g-PVAc/chitosan(Alg-g-PVAc/CS)microcapsules display similar morphology and size to the hydrophilic alginate/chitosan(AC)microcapsules.However,the drug loading and loading efficiency of BSA in Alg-g-PVAc/CS microcapsules are higher,and the release rate of BSA from Alg-g-PVAc/CS microcapsules is slower.The results demonstrate that the introduction of hydrophobic PVAc on alginate can effectively help retard the release of BSA,and the higher degree of substitution is,the slower the release rate is.In addition,the complex membrane can also be adjusted to delay the release of BSA.As a whole,amphiphilic sodium alginate-vinyl acetate/CS microparticles could be developed for macromolecular drug delivery.     

甲壳素和壳聚糖对有机物的吸附絮凝作用Ⅰ.污水处理

甲壳素和壳聚糖通过其羟基,氨基形成化学键吸附有机物或作为聚阳离子型电解质絮凝有机物。其化学改性物亦有吸附絮凝有机物的性质,在印染、食品、生活污水及饮用水处理等方面有良好的应用前景     

羧甲基壳聚糖铜配合物凝胶的合成及其在人工海水及海水中缓释性能的研究

通过戊二醛交联合成羧甲基壳聚糖铜配合物,用红外光谱进行结构表征.测定羧甲基壳聚糖铜中铜的量,分别考察其在人工海水及海水中的缓释性能.产品中铜的质量百分数为10.4%,在人工海水中缓释32 d的累积释放度为0.239*!0%,在海水中缓释30 d的累积释放度为0.211*!2%,且均释放平稳,说明其具有优异的缓释性能.     

氨基多糖多孔微球载体制备及其脲酶固定化特性

以脱乙酰度为 95 % ,分子量分别为 98KDa和 1 1 30 KDa的氨基多糖为载体材料 ,采用三聚磷酸钠固定的方法制成氨基多糖微球 ,并以此氨基多糖微球为载体用戊二醛交联法进行脲酶固定化研究。结果表明 :在 3%复合氨基多糖溶液中大、小分子量氨基多糖质量比为 1∶ 5时微球载体机械强度较好 ,表面光滑。用 Ca CO3 (w/w=1 /1 )处理则可得到表面具有蜂窝状结构的多孔微球载体 ;光滑表面微球载体与多孔微球载体对脲酶的固定化效率分别是 5 1 .5 %和 6 8% ;用 1 .5 cm× 1 5 cm柱进行尿素转化时间 1 2 min,光滑表面微球载体固定化脲酶和多孔微球载体固定化脲酶对尿素溶液(30 0 mg/L)转化率分别为 91 .8%和 99.99%。这一结果说明 ,利用多孔微球载体可有效地提高载体对脲酶的固定化效率 ,并且能彻底的分解尿素 ,提高尿素转化率     

SYNTHESIS AND PROPERTIES OF SULFHYDRYL CHITOSAN

A new adsorbent for heavy metal ions, sulfhydryl chitosan (S-chitosan), was produced by treatment of chitosan with sulhydryl acetic acid in the presence of sulfuric acid as a catalyst. Its structure was confrrmed by elemental analysis and FI‘-IR spectra analysis. The adsorption properties of sulthydryl chitosan for Cu(Ⅱ ), Cd(Ⅱ ), Pb(Ⅱ), Cr(Ⅲ) and Ni(Ⅱ) were investigated, and the effect of pH value on adsorption, adsorption kinetics, and selective adsorption was examined. It was shown that S-chitosan has good adsorption for Pb(Ⅱ), Cu(Ⅱ) and Cd(Ⅱ) like chitosan, is also insoluble in acid solution; has good adsorption kinetic properties for heavy metal ions; and can be used in acid solution. The adsorption capacities of S-chitosan can be affected by media acidity. The adsorbed Cu(Ⅱ) Cd(Ⅱ) and Pb(Ⅱ) could be eluted by diluted chlorhydric acid.     

5-氟尿嘧啶壳聚糖缓释微囊制备工艺研究

5-氟尿嘧啶 (5- Fu)以壳聚糖为载体 ,采用乳化化学交联技术 ,制备了 5- Fu壳聚糖微囊。用正交设计安排试验 ,以微囊载药量、药物包封率、粒子分布百分数为指标优化微囊的制备工艺 ,并以最佳制备工艺条件制得含药微囊 ,方法重现性好 ,制备工艺稳定。体外释放度试验表明 ,该微囊具有较好的缓释作用。     

壳寡糖对刺参生长、免疫反应和抗病力的影响

以初始质量(5.28±0.03)g的仿刺参(Apostichopus japonicas Selenka)为实验对象,进行为期56d的摄食生长实验。在基础饲料中分别添加0、0.25%、0.50%、1.00%和2.00%的壳寡糖(Chitosan oligosaccharide,COS),配制成5种实验饲料,研究壳寡糖对仿刺参生长、免疫反应和抗病力的影响。结果表明:饲料中添加了壳寡糖后,刺参的特定生长率呈上升趋势,但与对照组无显著性差异(P0.05)。饲料中添加壳寡糖对刺参体腔细胞吞噬活性的影响不显著(P0.05),而显著提高了刺参体腔细胞的呼吸爆发活力(P0.05)。饲料中添加0.50%的壳寡糖可显著提高刺参体腔细胞的一氧化氮合酶活性(P0.05)。刺参体腔细胞内酸性磷酸酶活性呈下降趋势,其中0.50%壳寡糖添加组显著低于对照组(P0.05)。攻毒实验表明,饲料中添加壳寡糖对提高抵抗灿烂弧菌的能力无明显作用(P0.05)。综合比较表明,饲料中添加壳寡糖,对刺参的生长和抵抗灿烂弧菌的能力有一定的促进作用。     

球状壳聚糖树脂对NO_2~-吸附特性的研究

以壳聚糖粉末为原料,采用反相悬浮交联法制备了球状壳聚糖树脂(MCR)。通过静态吸附实验,研究了pH和温度对MCR吸附NO-2的影响以及MCR对水溶液中NO-2的吸附热力学和动力学特性。结果表明,在酸性条件下,313~328K时,MCR对NO-2有较好的吸附性能。吸附过程符合Langmuir吸附等温线模型,属于单分子层吸附。吸附过程符合拟二级动力学模型,受粒子内扩散和液膜扩散联合控制。     

低分子量氨基糖及其衍生物对角膜细胞生长影响的研究

体外培养兔角膜上皮细胞和基质细胞,采用显微观察和MTT相结合的方法分析低分子量氨基糖(包括壳寡糖(chitosan)、羧甲基壳寡糖(Carboxymethyl chitosan oligosaccharide)、羧甲基甲壳寡糖(Carboxymethyl chitin oligosaccharide)、N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖(N-acetyl-glucosamine))对细胞生长的影响。结果在0~1000μg/mL浓度范围内4种氨基糖对角膜上皮细胞和基质细胞均没有细胞毒性,且均能促进角膜上皮细胞的生长,以壳寡糖和羧甲基甲壳寡糖效果最佳,二者与对照组相比均具有显著性差异(P<0.05)。壳寡糖、羧甲基甲壳寡糖和N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖能明显促进角膜基质细胞的生长,与对照组相比具有显著性差异(P<0.05),其中壳寡糖的促进作用最明显。提示低分子量氨基糖可适用于角膜细胞促生长的培养,为壳聚糖衍生物材料用于眼科研究提供一定的实验依据。     

O-羧甲基壳聚糖的制备及其结构表征

本文以壳聚糖为原料,采用苯甲醛选择性的保护壳聚糖C2位氨基的方法,制备了O-羧甲基壳聚糖(O-CMC)。采用红外光谱及核磁共振波谱法对产物结构进行了表征,确定了羧甲基化反应只发生在壳聚糖的O位。该方法制备得到的O-CMC的羧甲基度为42.2%,反应选择性好,步骤简单,产率高达85%。