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Urban biodiversity is now recognized as playing a critical role in supporting global biodiversity. However, it is important to note that biodiversity is a systematic and holistic concept and prior studies have not generally focused on cross-border or multi-scale management problems. On one hand, the ecosystems of cities are interconnected with adjacent cities by natural landscapes, so they are like mosaics instead of being isolated. Urban biodiversity research demands the consideration of the continuity within an ecosystem. On the other hand, both active protection and passive restoration strategies for urban biodiversity should not only be developed by researchers or municipal government agencies, but more importantly, they should consider the real ecosystem management problems faced by multi-scale departments in order to build a practicable Pressure-State-Response (PSR) model. The solutions for these issues should be included in the analysis to form a complete and more effective urban biodiversity strategy. The study in this paper offers an answer to whether different scales of cities or districts should adopt the same biodiversity strategy; and therefore, the decision depends on whether the places are of the same importance to the global or regional ecosystem, or whether the ecological elements are connected to the adjacent cities/districts and the problems that multiple stakeholders care about. 相似文献
84.
三江平原浓江河湿地生态廊道区及其周边春季鸟类多样性研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
浓江河湿地生态廊道是连接三江平原洪河国家级自然保护区湿地和三江国家级自然保护区湿地的生态廊道.2008年春季,对浓浓江河湿地江湿地生态廊道鸟类资源开展了调查研究.在研究区5种鸟类栖息生境共设立11个调查点,共记录有鸟类14目26科68种,3 220只.浓江河湿地生态廊道鸟类多样性指数(H')较高,生境主要以沼泽湿地为主,不同栖息生境中鸟类多样性指数表现为H'沼泽(1.260 1)>H'水域(1.248 8)>H'居民区(0.903 1)>H'农田(0.872 8)>H'林地(0.871 6);均匀性指数(E)表现为E水域(0.182 3)>E农田(0.164 6)>E林地(0.142 9)>E沼泽(0.110 5)>E居民区(0).维持浓江河湿地生态廊道沼泽和水域的面积对于保护该廊道的功能具有重要意义. 相似文献
85.
汶川县生物多样性保育与区域发展的综合地域划分 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
依据生物多样性和社会经济发展方面的 2 0个指标 ,应用模糊聚类算法对汶川县的综合地域划分研究表明 ,汶川县可以划分为 4个综合地域类型 :发展主导型 (Ⅰ ) ,占县域面积的4 3% ;特色开发型 (Ⅱ ) ,占县域面积的 2 3 5 % ;发展支持型 (Ⅲ ) ,占县域面积的 6 5 % ;生态保育和限制性开发型 (Ⅳ ) ,占县域面积的 6 5 7%。县域水平上协调生物多样性保育和区域发展关系的空间策略是东西分治 ,东部 (Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ )以社会经济发展为主 ,西部 (Ⅳ )以生态保育为主。在区域发展的产业选择上应重视产业的生态化 ,突出地域优势与特色。 相似文献
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水工程建设对长江流域鱼类生物多样性的影响及其对策 总被引:16,自引:2,他引:14
长江流域鱼类种类丰富、资源量大、特有性高、经济种类多,其生物多样性具有重要的生态价值、经济价值和科学价值.流域内鱼类生物多样性由于面临河流梯级开发引起的洄游阻隔、生境破碎和水文情势等改变的严重威胁,种群下降趋势明显.为保护长江流域鱼类生物多样性,有必要更新水工程规划理念和设计技术,修建鱼道等必要过鱼设施,进行水库生态调度,建立鱼类自然保护区和建立生态补偿机制等. 相似文献
88.
Journal of Geographical Sciences - Mountains in western China, hosted rich biodiversity and millions of people and inhabitant with vital ecosystem services, had experienced the most serious... 相似文献
89.
生态质量是指一定时空范围内生态系统要素、结构和功能的综合特征,具体表现为生态系统的状况、生产能力、结构和功能的稳定性、抗干扰和恢复能力。生态系统的质量是我国生态文明建设和生态环境监测的重要内容,多时空尺度观测技术的发展为生态系统质量监测与评价提供了新机遇,但同时也对国家尺度生态要素、生物多样性和生态功能的观测标准与技术规范提出了新的要求。本国家重点研发项目自2017年7月立项以来,围绕国家尺度生态质量监测技术与规范,开展了生态系统网络观测技术规范、台站生态要素监测、区域生物多样性和区域生态功能监测技术与规范的研究,在典型农林草湿地生态系统开展应用示范。项目在生态质量综合监测指标体系构建、生态系统研究网络观测技术、区域生物多样性和区域生态功能监测、基于无人机和机器学习的荒漠植被监测等方面取得了重要进展,促进了生态质量监测技术的发展。我们组织本专辑从不同视野集中系统介绍本项目已取得的生态质量监测技术和评价方法,以期促进生态学及其观测技术的发展。 相似文献
90.
LI Baoquan LI Xinzheng WANG Hongf WANG Jinbao HAN Qingxi DONG Chao MA Lin ZHANG Baolin 《海洋学报(英文版)》2010,29(6):73-82
Macrobenthic infauna and associated environmental factors influencing the benthic community in the eastern coastal region of Shandong Peninsula were analyzed in four seasonal surveys from January 2007 to October 2007 (30 stations in winter, 20 stations in other three seasons), in order to understand the community structure and the factors unfluencing the benthic distribution. PRIMER 6.0 and SPSS 15.0 software packages were adopted to analyze the environmental and macrobenthic data. The results show that there were 260 macrobenthic species in total collected from the research region. The composition of species is:Polychaeta (94 species), Crustacea (75), Mollusca (56) and Echinoderm (12), among which, only 23 species were common species in the cruises of every season. The dominant species varied from season to season; however, the polychaete species Paralacydonia paradoxa Fauvel and Echinoderm species Amphioplus japonicus (Matsumoto) were always present year-round. The abundance and biomass of the macrobenthos in the research region were variable from season to season. The results of CLUSTER and MDS analysis show that the similarities of macrobenthic structures between the stations were low; most of the similarities were at about 30% of similarity value, only two stations were up to 70%. In accordance with the similarity values of the macrobenthic structures, we divided the 20 stations into five groups by arbitrary similarity level of 30%. The ABC curve indicates that the marcofauna communities in the research region had not been disturbed massively, except two stations, SB1 and SB3. Ecologically, benthos were controlled by a combination of factors such as salinity, phytoplankton, zooplankton, SiO3-Si and temperature, and no single factor could be considered as an ecological master factor. 相似文献