藻类抗肿瘤活性物质研究进展

藻类中含有丰富的具有生物活性的代谢物，这些代谢物具有药理活性如抗肿瘤活性或可作为先导化合物。本文综述了藻类抗肿瘤活性物质的研究进展，同时也对其研究前景进行了展望。     

蒋家沟流域坡面侵蚀特征实验研究

受流域内物质成分、气候条件和复杂侵蚀营力的影响,蒋家沟流域坡面侵蚀现象甚为严重。根据流域内坡面物质成分、气候、降雨等方面分析了发生坡面严重侵蚀的原因;并进行了大量的人工降雨侵蚀实验,分析降雨坡面产流产沙过程和特征。实验结果表明径流随降雨时间和降雨量的增加呈跳跃和波动性增加,泥沙含量随降雨时间增加而逐渐减小。     

拦排结合在雅安石龙沟泥石流灾害防治工程中的应用

概述了四川地震灾区的雅安石龙沟泥石流项目的勘查设计,描述了泥石流基本特征,对泥石流流量、流速等特征值进行计算分析,提出了拦排结合的治理工程方案,对类似工程有一定的借鉴与参考意义。     

Marine Yeasts and Their Applications in Mariculture

1Introduction Becauseyeastscanproducemanybioactivesubstan ces,suchasprotein,aminoacids,vitamin,polysac charide,fattyacid,phospholipid,polyamine,astax anthin,βcarotenoid,trehalose,glutathione,superox idedismutase,chitinase,amylase,phytase,protease,killert…     

Study on Optical Properties of Unpigmented Suspended Particles,Yellow Substance and Phytoplankton Algae in Taihu Lake

The optical properties of a waterbody are subjects of research on limnological hydrooptics. The optical properties of, and parameterization methods for, three impurities in Taihu Lake, namely unpigmented suspensions, yellow substance and phytoplankton algae, are analyzed in detail in this paper dealing with the optical types of Taihu Lake waters both in winter and in summer. The results showed that : 1 ) The optical parameters of suspended particles can be calculated by the application of Mie Theory; 2) The absorption of yellow substance decreases exponentially with increasing wavelength, with the mean value of decreasing rate being about 0.014 nm^-1 ; 3) Taihu Lake waters appeared to be of type PY in winter, with suspended particles and yellow substance being the dominant light absorbers, and type CPY in summer, with suspended particles, yellow substance and phytoplankton algae being the dominant light absorbers; 4) In winter or summer, unpigmented suspension has the main effect on the scattering property of Taihu Lake waters.     

Characterization of a bacteriocin-like substance produced from a novel isolated strain of Bacillus subtilis SLYY-3

In the present research, the strain SLYY-3 was isolated from sediments of Jiaozhou Bay, Qingdao, China. The strain SLYY-3, which produced a bacteriocin-like substance(BLS), was characterized to be a strain of Bacillus subtillis by biochemical profiling and 16 S r DNA sequence analysis. It is the first time to report that Bacillus subtilis from Jiaozhou Bay sediments could produce a BLS. The BLS of B. subtillis SLYY-3 exhibited strong inhibitory activity against gram-positive bacteria(including Staphylococcus aureus and B. subtillis) and some fungi(including Penicillium glaucum, Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus). The antimicrobial activity was detected from culture in the exponential growth phase and reached its maximum when culture entered into stationary growth phase. It was thermo-tolerant even when being kept at 100℃ for 60 min without losing any activity and stable over a wide p H range from 1.0 to 12.0 while being inactivated by proteolytic enzyme and trypsin, indicating the proteinaceous nature of the BLS. The BLS was purified by precipitation with hydrochloric acid(HCl) and gel filteration(Sephadex G-100). SDS-PAGE analysis of the extracellular peptides of SLYY-3 revealed a bacteriocin-like protein with a molecular mass of 66 k Da. Altogether, these characteristics indicate the potential of the BLS for food industry as a protection against pathogenic and spoilage microorganisms.     

绿藻浒苔多元化应用研究进展

浒苔营养物质全面且含量丰富,藻体适应性强、光合效率高、生长速度快,是一种非常理想的生物材料。本文对近些年来浒苔在食品、饲料、活性物质开发、生物质能源研究、生态修复等方面的应用进行综述,为浒苔资源的充分利用与进一步开发提供可借鉴的理论和实践方面的科学依据。     

Risk assessment and national measure plan for oil and HNS spill accidents near Korea

Many oil and HNS spill accidents occur in the waters surrounding the Korean Peninsula because Korea is one of the biggest trading partners in the world. In this study, we analyzed the oil and HNS spill accidents that occurred between 1994 and 2005 and created risk matrices to assess these accidents. The worst scenarios of future oil and HNS spill accidents were established, and the maximum spill amounts were estimated using historic accident data and a correlation from IPIECA. The maximum spill amounts are estimated to be between 77,000 and 10,000 tons of oil and HNS, respectively. One third of the spill materials should be removed using recovery equipment within three days of the spill event, according to the national measure plan. The capability of recovery equipment to remove spill materials can be estimated, and the equipment should then be prepared to mitigate the harmful effects of future oil and HNS accidents on humans and marine ecosystems.     

新疆奇台硅化木的结构及成分分析

新疆奇台是我国硅化木的重要产地,学者研究和资料表明奇台硅化木是亿万年前树木被SiO2交代的产物。SiO2结合的方式是多种多样的,能形成不同的矿物。根据奇台硅化木的不同颜色,利用偏光显微镜和红外光谱仪对同一块硅化木的3种代表颜色进行测试分析。经研究分析认为:奇台硅化木的结构是木质纤维结构,颜色不同SiO2交代的程度不同。奇台硅化木样品颜色不同物质成分也不同,绿色部分主要的物质成分是玛瑙,黑色部分主要的物质成分是蛋白石,灰色部分主要的物质成分是玉髓。     

氧含量及附着面积对海洋底栖硅藻生长和胞外多聚物的影响

胞外多聚物(extracellular polymeric substance, EPS)是海洋底栖硅藻在水下表面附着时分泌的物质,环境因素对胞外多聚物的组成和分泌行为有直接影响,本文重点探讨了氧含量和附着面积对胞外多聚物的影响。采用热溶剂浸提法提取硅藻胞外多聚物,利用苯酚-硫酸法定量其中的多糖成分,利用考马斯亮蓝G-250法定量蛋白质成分,通过血球计数板法和紫外分光光度法计算细胞数量。结果表明,在氧含量高、可附着面积大的条件下,硅藻的生长繁殖速率快,且单个细胞的胞外多聚物分泌量大。氧含量对胞外多聚物主要成分中的水溶性多糖含量影响大,而对其余成分含量影响小。可附着面积对硅藻附着和生长的影响比氧含量影响小。