福建沙县大佑山火山喷发盆地基本特征

沙县大佑山火山构造是一较典型的火山喷发盆地,面积约150km2。盆地内的火山地层属石帽山群,岩石组合具双峰式火山岩特点。上部流纹岩全岩Rb－Sr等时线年龄为99±3Ma,其形成时代为早白垩世。火山岩相发育较齐全,以爆发相占绝对优势,其空间分布具有一定的规律性。火山构造以西部的大佑山破火山机构较为特征,重点阐述该破火山的地貌特征、火山断裂特点、火山岩相展布及其与火山口的关系,恢复火山喷发盆地形成的历史。     

Experimental Investigations on Laminated Rubber Bearings

Increasing application of base isolation as a seismic protection method has subsequently increased its analytical and experimental studies. Being the most critical part of the base isolated buildings, accurate evaluation of structural properties and precise modeling of isolation devices is of utmost importance in predicting the response of the buildings during the earthquakes. This technical note is concerned with experimental study on laminated rubber bearings. Free vibration and harmonic base excitation tests are performed on a three-storey building model to evaluate the properties of the structure, efficiency of the system, and effect of base excitations. It is found that these experimental methods can effectively be used for this purpose.     

Genetic feature selection for texture classification

This paper presents a novel approach to feature subset selection using genetic algorithms. This approach has the ability to accommodate multiple criteria such as the accuracy and cost of classification into the process of feature selection and finds the effective feature subset for texture classification. On the basis of the effective feature subset selected, a method is described to extract the objects which are higher than their surroundings, such as trees or forest, in the color aerial images. The methodology presented in this paper is illustrated by its application to the problem of trees extraction from aerial images.     

The Bingham Distribution of Quaternions and Its Spherical Radon Transform in Texture Analysis

Spherical geometry of quaternions is employed to characterize the Bingham distribution on the 3-dimensional sphere as being uniquely composed of a bipolar, a circular and a spherical component. A new parametrization of its dispersion parameters provides a classification of patterns of crystallographic preferred orientations (CPO, or textures). It is shown that the Bingham distribution can represent most types of ideal CPO patterns; in particular single component, fiber and surface textures are represented by rotationally invariant bipolar, circular and spherical distributions, respectively. Pole figures of given crystal directions are derived by the spherical Radon transform of the Bingham probability density function of rotations, which are displayed for general and special cases.     

在统一的总体框架下建设“数字中国”

当前在我国正在兴起“数字省市”、“数字行业”、“数字工程”等建设工作,这些都是“数字中国”的组成部分。为了建设“数字中国”,这些数字化领域的建设必须在国家统一的地理空间基础框架下进行。从“数字地球”和“数字中国”的基本概念入手,叙述了地理空间基础框架中的地理空间基准和地理基础框架数据的内涵及其在建设“数字中国”中的作用,最后阐述了必须在统一的总体框架下建设“数字中国”的理由。     

Intrusion and Crystallization of a Spinifex-Textured Komatiite Sill in Dundonald Township, Ontario

Although komatiite has been defined as an ultramafic volcanicrock characterized by spinifex texture, there is a growing recognitionthat similar textures can also form in high-level dykes andsills. Here, we report the results of a petrological and geochemicalinvestigation of a 5 m thick komatiite sill in Dundonald Township,Ontario, Canada. This unit forms part of a series of komatiitesand komatiitic basalts, some of which clearly intruded unconsolidatedsediments. The komatiite sill is differentiated into a spinifex-texturedupper part and an olivine cumulate lower part. Features characteristicof the upper sections of lava flows, such as volcanic brecciaand a thick glassy chilled margin, are absent and, instead,the upper margin of the sill is marked by a layer of relativelylarge (1–5 mm) solid, polyhedral olivine grains that gradesdownwards over a distance of only 2 cm into unusually large,centimetre-sized, skeletal hopper olivine grains. This is underlainby a 1 m thick zone of platy spinifex-textured olivine and coarse,complex, dendritic, spinifex-textured olivine. The texture ofthe olivine cumulate zone in the overlying unit is uniform rightdown to the contact and a lower chilled margin, present at thebase of all lava flows, is absent. The textures in the silland the overlying unit are interpreted to indicate that thesill intruded the olivine cumulate zone of the overlying unit.Thermal modelling suggests that soon after intrusion, a narrowinterval of the overlying cumulate partially melted and thatthe liquid in the upper part of the sill became undercooled.The range of olivine morphologies in the spinifex-textured partof the sill was controlled by nucleation and crystallizationof olivine in these variably undercooled liquids. KEY WORDS: komatiite; intrusion; spinifex texture; olivine     

Ex-seafarers shore-based employment: the current UK situation

The decline of the British shipping industry has had a significant impact on those sectors of the UK economy which have traditionally relied on ex-seafarers as a source of skilled labour. An in-depth study of the impacts of this problem was undertaken in 2003 to consider the implications of developments which have taken place in the industry since 1996. The UK economy's requirement for people with seafaring experience to fill land-based jobs was assessed, together with the implications of any shortfall. This paper considers the demand aspects of changes which have occurred since 1996.     

加强实验室及实习基地建设提高《测量学》实践教学质量

测量学实践教学是巩固学生所学理论知识、提高动手能力，培养创新能力的重要途径之一。结合笔者几年来参与实验室及实习基地建设的经验，提出了加强实验室的硬件建设和制度建设，建立固定的校内教学实习基地与动态的校外生产实习基地结合的方法，以提高测量学实践教学质量。     

The policy implications of market failure for the land-based jobs market for British seafarers

People with seafaring experience and skills are employed in the maritime sector of the UK economy in land-based jobs as well as in seagoing ones. This paper examines the balance of supply and demand in the land-based jobs market. It then considers the likely effects of a shortfall in the supply of British ships’ officers to fill net vacancies in jobs ashore, including the policy implications of this and the consequences for the economy's maritime skills base if the Government fails to act decisively now to correct market failure.