金矿的细菌浸出处理研究

利用细菌对难处理金矿进行浸出处理,具有成本低廉、环境污染小、处理效率高等突出优点,已成为非常有前途的难处理金矿的预处理方法。笔者以河北遵化滑石峪金矿(含金黄铁矿)样品为例,在几种氧化亚铁硫杆菌中发现D3菌种处理此类难浸金矿有显著的增大提金率的效果。在200目粒度条件下,氰化提金率从单纯氰化的63.9%提高到细菌预处理后再氰化的88.2%,而且对100目以下的大粒度金矿,提金率也普遍提高10%以上;此外,还进行了该菌种处理金矿过程的条件实验,如粒度影响、pH值变化和物理方法强化的研究,得出了金矿在细菌氧化过程中的一些规律和在实际操作时的最优化控制条件。     

塔里木板块二叠纪构造演化的古植物群（大植物、孢粉）响应

塔里木板块二叠纪的构造演化导致板块古地理位置、古地貌和古环境的演变(包括气候条件的改变)，相应地塔里木板块的植物群在区系性质方面发生了重要变更。该板块二叠纪植物群演替历史分为3个演化阶段：①欧美植物群阶段(阿赛尔期-罗德期)；②欧美-安加拉混生植物群阶段(沃德期-吴家坪期)早期；③安加拉植物群阶段(吴家坪期中晚期-长兴期)。     

岷江上游半干旱河谷灌丛植物区系

岷江上游半干旱河谷北起四川省松潘县安宏,南抵汶川县绵篪,位于北纬31°15′—32°32′、东经103°10″—103°54′。河谷内灌丛分布海拔1300—2700米。灌丛计有维管束植物291种,归属64科198属。当地灌丛拥有全部种子植物区系地理成分(即15类),其中以温带分布成分占优势,地区性特有种丰富,古老性、特有性不明显,与外地植物区系联系广泛,因而当地植物区系具有过渡性。这一灌丛中已出现荒漠化半荒漠化成分,此属一个值得重视的环境问题。     

新疆阿克苏沙井子四石厂早二叠世欧美型植物的新资料

阿克苏早二叠世植物化石,早在40年代诺林(1941)曾作过报道.1975年后作者曾多次去该区沙井子四石厂等地作过调研,经与西欧大量的标本仔细核对,认为四石厂地区植物化石兼具欧美式和华夏式植物群特点,其形态变异超出了国内常见同类植物化石的范围,是完全不同的新资料.文中着重对该区植物群面貌作了较详细地描述和讨论,并指出在地层对比和板块研究中将发挥应有的作用.     

浙江兰溪市马涧组早、中侏罗世植物群

本文研究了浙江省兰溪市马涧组植物化石,鉴定28属54种,描述2个新种,讨论了马涧植物群特征,论证马涧组时代为早、中侏罗世。     

黑龙江伊春红山附近晚二叠世植物群研究的新进展

笔者在伊春红山附近红山组剖面采集了丰富的植物化石.经研究,计有25属58种。大大丰富了前人报道的本组植物化石的内容.分析所获资科,进一步阐述了红山组植物群的组成特征,认为其时代为晚二叠世,而不仅限于晚二叠世晚期.根据过去的化石资料分析.笔者认为“三角山组植物组合”的时代亦为晚二叠世,而不限于晓二叠世早期.在此基础上,本文认为红山组与黄本宏划分的三角山组下部。在岩石组合特征及时代上可以对比.     

水生细菌几种计数方法的比较

应用吖啶橙染色直接计数(AODC)和活菌直接计数(DVC)测定了多种水环境样品中的细菌总数及活细菌数。以DVC法测定出的活细菌数较常规平板涂布培养法高2个数量级。夏季青岛沿海海水样品中以DVC法计活细菌数占总细菌数的6.57～27.07％。比较了不同浓度的酵母膏对生活污水中细菌DVC计数值的影响。     

Biotic variation in coastal water bodies in Sussex, England: Implications for saline lagoons

Coastal water bodies are a heterogeneous resource typified by high spatial and temporal variability and threatened by anthropogenic impacts. This includes saline lagoons, which support a specialist biota and are a priority habitat for nature conservation. This paper describes the biotic variation in coastal water bodies in Sussex, England, in order to characterise the distinctiveness of the saline lagoon community and elucidate environmental factors that determine its distribution. Twenty-eight coastal water bodies were surveyed for their aquatic flora and invertebrate fauna and a suite of exploratory environmental variables compiled. Ordination and cluster analyses were used to examine patterns in community composition and relate these to environmental parameters. Biotic variation in the coastal water body resource was high. Salinity was the main environmental parameter explaining the regional distribution of taxa; freshwater and saline assemblages were evident and related to sea water ingress. Freshwater sites were indicated by the plant Myriophyllum spicatum and gastropod mollusc Lymnaea peregra, while more saline communities supported marine and brackish water taxa, notably a range of chlorophytic algae and the bivalve mollusc Cerastoderma glaucum. Site community differences were also related to bank slope and parameters describing habitat heterogeneity. A saline lagoon community was discerned within the matrix of biotic variation consisting of specialist lagoonal species with associated typically euryhaline taxa. For fauna, the latter were the molluscs Abra tenuis and Hydrobia ulvae, and the crustaceans Corophium volutator and Palaemonetes varians, and for flora they were the algae Ulva lactuca, Chaetomorpha mediterranea, Cladophora spp. and Enteromorpha intestinalis. One non-native polychaete species, Ficopomatus enigmaticus, also strongly influenced community structure within the lagoonal resource. The community was not well defined as specialist and associated taxa were distributed throughout the spectrum of sites surveyed. Implications for the identification and conservation of saline lagoons are discussed.     

麦胚凝集素促进对虾免疫功能的初步研究

利用药浴法、注射法及药饵法研究了麦胚凝集素(WGA)促进对虾抗病力的效果。经肌肉注射法感染实验证明三种给药方法均可提高对虾的存活率,其中以药饵法(20mg/kg含量、喂养28d)效果较好,对虾存活率提高17％。表明利用药物促进对虾免疫系统功能,提高对虾抗病能力是一条可行的途径。