利用DS-InSAR技术监测沛北矿区地表形变

针对采空区地表散射特性不稳定、高相干点目标少且分布不均匀的特点,本文基于相干矩阵特征值分解（T-EVD）的DS-InSAR技术,利用Sentinel-1A数据获取并分析了徐州沛北矿区2017年1月-2018年12月的地表沉降特征。与常规时序InSAR监测对比表明,融合分布式目标的DS-InSAR技术监测点数量显著增加且空间分布更加均匀,能够更好地反映矿区地表沉降的时空分布特征,为煤炭枯竭型矿区地表沉降规律分析和机理研究提供了先进的技术支撑,在采空区地表沉降监测方面具有良好的应用前景。     

输入非线性方程误差自回归系统的多新息辨识方法

典型块结构非线性系统包括基本的输入非线性系统、输出非线性系统、输入输出非线性系统、反馈非线性系统等.输入非线性系统包括输入非线性方程误差类系统和输入非线性输出误差类系统.以输入非线性方程误差自回归系统,即输入非线性受控自回归自回归(IN-CARAR)系统为例,分别基于过参数化模型,基于关键项分离原理,基于数据滤波技术以及基于辨识模型分解技术,研究和提出了IN-CARAR系统的随机梯度辨识方法、多新息随机梯度辨识方法、递推最小二乘辨识方法、多新息最小二乘辨识方法.这些方法可以推广到其他输入非线性方程误差系统、输入非线性输出误差类系统、输出非线性方程误差类系统、输出非线性输出类系统、反馈非线性系统等.同时,给出了几个典型辨识算法的计算步骤、流程图和计算量.     

风化矿物黄钾铁矾40Ar/39Ar 测年的基本方法——从样品采集到年龄测试

由于40Ar/39Ar定年方法在技术上极具复杂性,目前,国内在开展干旱区研究中很少使用风化矿物定年研究手段。重点介绍黄钾铁矾矿物40Ar/39Ar定年法的基本流程,并针对该方法的技术问题初步探讨了解决办法。研究表明,科学的野外采集样品、仔细的挑选矿物并综合采用多种测试手段（X衍射、扫描电镜、电子探针）进行监测可以获得纯净的风化矿物,并结合精细的40Ar/39Ar阶段加热技术,能够获得比较可靠的风化矿物40Ar/39Ar年龄。     

南方湿热区产脲酶菌固化海砂的碳酸钙结晶效果研究

从南方湿热区自然环境中分离得到一株产脲酶矿化菌,并将其高产突变株应用到海砂室内MICP灌浆试验,结合扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、能谱仪（EDS）、拉曼（Raman）对固化后的产物进行细观形貌观测。通过分析碳酸钙的形貌、尺寸、空间分布、结晶状态等基本特征现象,初步探究南方湿热区产脲酶菌在碳酸钙结晶生长方面的调控作用及其固化土体的作用效果。结果表明：南方湿热区产脲酶菌固化土体具有可行性,但碳酸钙晶体形貌并不均一,晶体晶化过程、生物调控作用及土体结构均会对碳酸钙的生成情况造成影响;碳酸钙从无序到有序、分散到聚集、不稳定到稳定,最终生长聚集为完整的结构,在生长空间充足的环境下,碳酸钙更倾向于形成聚集体。研究结论可为进一步研究不同产脲酶菌诱导碳酸钙沉淀的作用过程与调控机制提供借鉴与参考。     

Identification and evaluation of desertification reversal in China: indicators and methods review

With gradual emergence of desertification reversal after inception of combative attempts in China, its evaluation which is based on solid identification is imperative. However, either identification or evaluation lacks consensus and are limited in earlier studies. This paper endeavors to fill this gap by relying on a systematic review of recent studies. After a clarification of causal relation of identification and evaluation, an argument of indicators and models selection is presented taking sustainability, cost and benefits, public interest and individual behavior into account. At first, we emphasize the logical and sequential importance of identification as prerequisite of evaluation, and demonstrate that fundamental identification could be operated by both direct and indirect implementations, though direct implementation usually seems to be a favorite al- tel＇native. Here, we emphasize a consideration of sustainable development, cost and benefits, public interest and individual behaviors together, due to the hiatus of incorporating economic and ecological segments together, and the innate theoretical deficiencies on environmental products of traditional economic and ecological methods of evaluation. Thus, we conceptually merge the economic and ecological segments into one theoretical framework. However, no matter how elaborate the models is, there is an apparent gap of both identification and evaluation due to failure of dynamic interpretations, thereby, it may be future trend and urgency on models＇ elaboration.     

一株分离微拟球藻LAMB0002的鉴定

微藻的分类鉴定是进一步应用的前提。微拟球藻属的6个种都是单细胞微藻,形态简单,难以用形态学方法进行准确鉴定。本研究分离了一株微拟球藻,结合光学显微镜和透射显微镜观察、脂肪酸和色素组成分析、18SrRNA基因和rbcL基因序列分析,将该藻株鉴定为Nannochloropsis oceanica LAMB0002。本研究进行了微藻分类系统的初步探索,为今后形成系统的微藻分类体系奠定了基础。     

Phylogeography of Batrachospermum arcuatum in North China based on ITS sequence data

Batrachospermum arcuatum Kylin is typically dioecious,although some monoecious specimens have been collected from four locations in North China.In this study,B.arcuatum populations,including monoecious and dioecious thalli,were collected from seven stream segments.The nuclear DNA internal transcribed spacer(ITS)region was sequenced for the seven populations,and a phylogenetic tree was constructed using Bayesian inference to assess intraspecifi c relationships.A haplotype network was also created.The ITS region in B.arcuatum from North China comprised 822–853 bp,with 10 haplotypes detected from the seven locations.The results of this study support the inclusion of monoecious individuals in the species B.arcuatum.     

Use of species-specific PCR for the identification of 10 sea cucumber species

We developed a species-specific PCR method to identify species among dehydrated products of 10 sea cucumber species. Ten reverse species-specific primers designed from the 16S rRNA gene, in combination with one forward universal primer, generated PCR fragments of ca. 270 bp length for each species. The specificity of the PCR assay was tested with DNA of samples of 21 sea cucumber species. Amplification was observed in specific species only. The species-specific PCR method we developed was successfully applied to authenticate species of commercial products of dehydrated sea cucumber, and was proven to be a useful, rapid, and low-cost technique to identify the origin of the sea cucumber product.     

Regional-scale identification of three-dimensional pattern of vegetation landscapes

The altitudinal pattern of vegetation is usually identified by field surveys,however,these can only provide discrete data on a local mountain.Few studies identifying and analyzing the altitudinal vegetation pattern on a regional scale are available.This study selected central Inner Mongolia as the study area,presented a method for extracting vegetation patterns in altitudinal and horizontal directions.The data included a vegetation map at a 1∶1 000 000 scale and a digital elevation model at a 1∶250 000 scale.The three-dimensional vegetation pattern indicated the distribution probability for each vegetation type and the transition zones between different vegetation landscapes.From low to high elevations,there were five vegetation types in the southern mountain flanks,including the montane steppe,broad-leaved forest,coniferous mixed forest,montane dwarf-scrub and sub-alpine shrub-meadow.Correspondingly,only four vegetation types were found in the northern flanks,except for the montane steppe.This study could provide a general model for understanding the complexity and diversity of mountain environment and landscape.     

中华鳖(Pelodiscus sinensis)不同品系线粒体SNP的分型与鉴定

通过对四个中华鳖(Pelodiscus sinensis)养殖品系(太湖品系、台湾品系、日本品系、黄河品系)的线粒体部分序列进行测序对比,筛选出不同品系中华鳖的品系特异性SNP位点,并设计特异性引物,利用高分辨率熔解曲线法进行SNP分型与鉴定。结果表明,所设计的7对引物组均可扩增出80—150bp大小不等的中华鳖线粒体序列,并成功用于中华鳖的SNP分型。在这7个位点中,其中可鉴定中华鳖日本品系和太湖品系的各1个,可鉴定台湾品系的有2个,可鉴定黄河品系的有3个。此方法能够快速、简便地鉴别以上四个中华鳖品系,为鉴别市场中出现的假冒鳖,并指导品种选育工作提供技术支持。