GPS新近发展及其军事应用

本文简述了GPS的最新发展动态，着重分析了GPS在精确制导武器上的应用形式和效果，指出了GPS制导技术存在的局限性及其未来发展趋势。     

全国资源与生态环境遥感监测数据管理与应用服务系统设计

为推动资源与生态环境遥感监测数据的应用与服务,为国家、相关行业管理决策和社会公众提供有价值的信息,需要在资源与生态环境遥感监测成果数据基础上,开发数据管理与应用服务系统。本文从国家资源与生态环境建设的实际需求出发,结合国土资源部实施的环北京地区资源与生态环境遥感监测成果,探讨资源与生态环境遥感监测数据管理与应用服务的技术解决方案,搭建资源与生态环境遥感监测数据管理与应用服务技术平台,并实现网络环境下对资源与生态环境监测形成的各种类型数据的集成化管理。     

伪卫星技术及其应用

简要介绍了伪卫星的基本概念及其作用,详细论述了伪卫星增强GPS系统,独立的伪卫星导航定位系统,基于伪卫星的逆向定位系统等三种工作模式,并对伪卫星应用的主要技术问题及解决思路进行了分析。     

GPS水准在测图中的实用性试验

依据大量的ＧＰＳ资料指出，测图中在较平坦或低丘地区，除利用其平面信息（ｘ，ｙ）外，还可利用其第三维信息（ｈ）。在不增加额外操作要求（即不增加ＧＰＳ测量成本）的条件下，ＧＰＳ水准高程精度可满足测图对高程精度的要求。这在一定程度上低于只利用ＧＰＳ二维信息（ｘ，ｙ）加上用常规水准测量来获得第三维信息（ｈ）的耗费的成本。     

开发PC─E500汉化软件

本文介绍了SHARPPCE500计算机汉化软件的编制，提供了一种较好的汉字库获取方法。     

The first ISPRS software contest for computer-assisted teaching (CATCON)

The first ISPRS software contest for computer-assisted teaching, CATCON, took place on July 12, 1996 at the ISPRS Congress in Vienna. The main objective of the contest was to promote the development and dissemination of good/user-friendly software packages for computer-assisted teaching. Ten software packages and one data set from six countries were nominated. All the software and the data set were demonstrated at the contest, and prizes were given to three software packages and to one data set.     

高精度甚长基线干涉测量理论时延软件的实现

针对甚长基线干涉测量天文观测、深空探测和空间阵列项目对高精度理论时延计算的需求,该文进行了高精度理论时延计算软件的具体实现。首先介绍了河外射电源和探测器理论时延计算模型;然后详细阐述了理论时延计算软件的系统架构及其具体实现;最后将该软件与DiFX软件和嫦娥工程甚长基线干涉测量软件的计算结果进行对比分析。比对结果显示:对于河外射电源,理论时延差最大为几百个皮秒;对于探测器,理论时延差小于2ns,这表明该软件能够用于地面验证试验。     

海潮负荷效应对我国及周边IGS站的影响

针对近海区域海潮变化复杂且海潮负荷效应显著,而全球海潮模型在近海区域精度较低的问题,该文提出了将全球海潮模型NAO.99b和区域模型osu.chinasea.2010相结合,分析海潮对中国大陆及周边地区IGS站的影响。使用GAMIT软件解算IGS站实测数据,通过海潮负荷计算软件SPOTL对解算结果进行改正,并对改正效果进行对比和分析。结果表明,海潮负荷对中国及周边区域站点的影响主要体现在垂直方向,对一些站点的影响可以达到厘米级;海潮负荷对站点坐标的改正效果明显,特别是日本的种子岛站改正效果接近30%;站点改正效果从沿海到内陆逐渐减弱。     

后遥感应用技术研究与地质实践——以东胜—神木地区铀资源勘查为例

介绍了后遥感应用技术提出的背景及技术构成,阐述了该技术的研究内容及取得的地质成果。实践表明,在地质勘查领域,后遥感应用技术比单一遥感技术具有更大的实用价值和更好的应用效果。     

An optimal parameters-based geographical detector model enhances geographic characteristics of explanatory variables for spatial heterogeneity analysis: cases with different types of spatial data

ABSTRACT

Spatial heterogeneity represents a general characteristic of the inequitable distributions of spatial issues. The spatial stratified heterogeneity analysis investigates the heterogeneity among various strata of explanatory variables by comparing the spatial variance within strata and that between strata. The geographical detector model is a widely used technique for spatial stratified heterogeneity analysis. In the model, the spatial data discretization and spatial scale effects are fundamental issues, but they are generally determined by experience and lack accurate quantitative assessment in previous studies. To address this issue, an optimal parameters-based geographical detector (OPGD) model is developed for more accurate spatial analysis. The optimal parameters are explored as the best combination of spatial data discretization method, break number of spatial strata, and spatial scale parameter. In the study, the OPGD model is applied in three example cases with different types of spatial data, including spatial raster data, spatial point or areal statistical data, and spatial line segment data, and an R “GD” package is developed for computation. Results show that the parameter optimization process can further extract geographical characteristics and information contained in spatial explanatory variables in the geographical detector model. The improved model can be flexibly applied in both global and regional spatial analysis for various types of spatial data. Thus, the OPGD model can improve the overall capacity of spatial stratified heterogeneity analysis. The OPGD model and its diverse solutions can contribute to more accurate, flexible, and efficient spatial heterogeneity analysis, such as spatial patterns investigation and spatial factor explorations.