地球化学的空间自相关异常信息提取方法

针对地球化学数据存在的空间分布相关性特征,该文提出了一种基于空间自相关统计的地球化学异常提取方法。以内蒙古浩布高矿床外围的土壤地球化学数据为例,通过对Sn、Cu元素地球化学数据在不同空间间隔上的全局自相关计算,测算其空间聚集的程度,选取聚集程度最高时的间隔距离作为局部空间自相关的参数,通过局部Moran’s I值研究元素的空间分布特征,分析空间聚类和异常值,从而提取地球化学异常。结果表明,局部空间自相关分析可以揭示Sn、Cu地球化学数据的空间分布特征,能够更好地提取地球化学弱缓异常,说明空间自相关是一种有效的地球化学异常识别方法。     

卫星测高数据的沿轨迹重力异常反演法及其应用

本文给出了一套基于直角坐标系下的垂线偏差求解重力异常公式 ,并将之发展成为一套新的沿轨迹重力异常求解公式。与其他方法相比 ,本方法无须求解交叠点处沿轨迹和跨轨迹方向的海面高斜率 ,仅需计算沿轨迹方向的海面高斜率 ,因而更为简洁、有效 ,而且分辨率可以更高并可与真正的沿航迹实际船测重力相比较、验证。据此 ,利用 Geosat/GM、ERS-1 /35天及TOPEX/Poseidon三种测高数据 ,反演了南中国海域 (0°～ 2 5°N,1 0 5°～ 1 2 2°E)的 2′× 2′重力异常—— IGG-S。通过与实际船测资料和国际同行提供的重力模型相比 ,IGG-S总体精度达到1 0× 1 0 - 5ms- 2。     

怀来2井水氡前兆异常特征分析

首先介绍了1998年张北6．2级地震前怀来2井水氡的异常变化，又根据水氡异常与京西地区几次中强震的对应情况，归纳出怀来2井的水氡前兆异常特征；形态为下降一上升型，异常对应范围120－160km；异常出现后28－55d发震等。     

THE EAST ASIA/PACIFIC PATTERN TELECONNECTION OF SUMMER CIRCULATION AND CLIMATE ANOMALY IN EAST ASIA

In this paper,many observations show that the thermal states including the SST,the convective activities in the west-ern Pacific warm pool largely influence the interannual and intraseasonal variations of summer circulation and the cli-mate anomalies in East Asia.Moreover,it is pointed out that there is a teleconnection pattern of summer circulationanomalies in the Northern Hemisphere,the so-called East Asia/Pacific pattern.The cause of the teleconnection pattern is studied by using the theory of quasi-stationary planetary wave propaga-tion,and it may be due to the propagation of quasi-stationary planetary waves forced by heat source around thePhilippines.Moreover,this pattern is well simulated by using a quasi-geostrophic,linear,spherical model and theIAP-GCM,respectively.     

THE EFFECTS OF SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE ANOMALIES OVER THE MID-LATITUDE WESTERN PACIFIC ON THE ASIAN SUMMER MONSOON

By Using the P-σ five-layer primitive equation model,three sets of numerical experiments are performedwith normal zonal mean SST(the control case),the positive SST anomalies in the Kuroshio current andeast-of-Japan Ocean(the midlatitude western Pacific),and positive SST anomalies over both the midlatitudeand the equatorial western Pacific.The experimental results show that the positive SST anomalies over themidlatitude western Pacific have great influence on the Asian summer monsoon:the Indian monsoon is weak-ened and the East Asian monsoon is intensified.This happens just reverse to the effects of positive SSTanomalies over the equatorial westero Pacific on the Asian summer monsoon.Further,the influence mechanismof the SST anomalies over the midlatitude westcrn Pacific on the Asian summer monsoon is discussed.     

Inducing action of hydrogen migrating along faults on earthquakes

The reduction of the microhardness and the crystal constants of some non-metallic materials, such as calcite, dolomite, antigorite, etc., are observed after a short time of hydrogen permeating treatment at low pressure. It means that hydrogen diffusion can cause their strength dropping or weakening. The hydrogen, which is produced under the earth by various chemical reactions or accumulated when the earth formed, is migrating up continuously along faults, causing weakening of rocks and faults at the same time. So it is possible that rocks and faults break under lower tectonic stress condition. Hydrogen anomalies are passive reflection, precursor and accompaniment of fault activities or earthquakes on the face of it, but hydrogen migrating has active influence on faults and its moving. The Chinese version of this paper appeared in the Chinese edition ofActa Seismologica Sinica,14, 229–235, 1992.     

澜沧—耿马地震前后的地温异常变化

本文初次用近几年来站定点探测到的恒温层以下不同深度的地热随时间的变化资料,揭示澜沧—耿马7.6级大震前后地热的短、临异常特征,并对异常机制进行初步探讨。