亚致死剂量铜对文昌鱼和玫瑰无须钯的组织病理学影响

采用半静水实验法测试研究了重金属Cu^2＋对文昌鱼（Branchiostoma belcher）和玫瑰无须喜巴（Puntius conchonius）的急性致死毒性和亚急性毒性。实验结果表明,Cu^2＋对文昌鱼和玫瑰无须喜巴24,48,72,96h的半致死浓度分别为0．561,0．373,0．261,0．211mg／L及0．976,0．783,0．562,0．473mg／L,其安全质量浓度分别为0．021和0．047mg／L。亚急性毒性实验中,文昌鱼和玫瑰无须喜巴分别用浓度为20％和30％的96h LC50的Cu^2＋处理。不同器官的组织病理学观察结果表明,过量Cu^2＋对玫瑰无须喜巴的鳃、肝脏、肾脏等器官产生毒害,对文昌鱼鳃和肝盲囊细胞也产生了严重的毒害,表现为细胞空泡化等明显的结构破坏。实验结果显示文昌鱼的肝盲囊和脊椎动物的肝脏一样,也是受过量铜显著毒害的主要靶器官器官。因此,文昌鱼的肝盲囊至少在经受过量Cu^2＋毒害方面与脊椎动物肝脏具有相似性,从生理功能方面为类文昌鱼祖先的盲囊（digestive caecum）是脊椎动物肝脏的前体这一假说提供了资料。     

LABORATORY OBSERVATION ON SPAWNING,FECUNDITY AND LARVAL DEVELOPMENT OF AMPHIOXUS (BRANCHIOSTOMA BELCHERI TSINGTAUNESE)

Although amphioxus is widespread in temperate and tropical seas,its population is diminishing be-cause of environmental pollution.To keep the population of this evolutionarily important animal fromdiminishing,study on its reproduction and development is necessary.The main findings in this study onthe spawning and fecundity of the amphioxus reared in laboratory and its larval development are as fol-lows.1.Water temperature markedly affected the spawning.It spawned only when water temperature reached 21℃.2.Spawning of the amphioxus in laboratory was markedly extended.Initially,the amphioxus spawned at about 7:00 PM,but spawning time was postponed as spawning days went on.3.The number of eggs produced by a female ranged from 1400 to 12800,average of 5800.This al-so represents the fecundity of the amphioxus because it shedded all eggs within the ovary at a time.4.During the first few months of life of the amphioxus,its growth rate changed seasonally.Thegrowth rate in summer and fall was greater than that in     

Interplay between amphioxus complement with sea bass macrophages: Opsonic activity of amphioxus humoral fluids

Previous studies have shown the existence of a complement system in the amphioxus Branchiostoma japonicum. However, whether it has an opsonic activity similar to that of vertebrates remains unknown. We demonstrated that the humoral fluid (HF) of amphioxus promoted the phagocytosis of yeast cells with sea bass (Lateolabrax japonicus) macrophages, whereas the C3-depleted and heated HF significantly lost the phagocytosis-promoting capacity. In addition, the precipitation of factor B (Bf) led to a marked loss of opsonic activity. Moreover, C3 fragments in the HF were found to bind to yeast cell surfaces. The results indicate that the amphioxus complement system is an important element involved in the opsonic activity, which promotes the sea bass macrophage phagocytosis by tagging yeast cells with C3 fragments via the activation of alternative complement pathway.     

Expression, purification and polyclonal antibody generation of p23, an Hsp90 cochaperone, in the amphioxus Branchiostoma belcheri

1Introduction p23, the 23-kDa protein originally identified asa component of the complex of heat shock protein 90(Hsp90) with the progesterone receptor (Johnson etal., 1994), is a ubiquitous and highly conservedprotein from yeast to humans (Garcia -Ranea …     

INDUCTION OF ECTODERMAL CELLS FROM VEGETAL-ENDODERMAL BLASTOMERES OF AMPHIOXUS(BRANCHIOSTOMA BELCHERI TSINGTAUNESE) EMBRYOS BY THE CALCIUM IONOPHORE A23187

INTRODUCnONAInPhioxusl6-celleInbryosconsistoftwotiersofblastomeres,eighboInalblas-tomeres,A8,andeightvegetalblastomeres,V8(Fig.l).Tungetal.(l958)shOWedthaV8isolatedatthel6-cellstage,whenculndexplan,gaVeriseInainlytointestineandoccasionalltonotochoal,muscleandneUraltube,butneverformedepidends-bendng-ly,thedeveloPmentalfateofV8blastomeresap~tobedetendnedatthel6-cellStag.HOWeVer,thesamauthors(l961)shoWedIaterthatifvegetal-mostblastomersatthe32-cellstage,thedescendansofV8,wereisolateda…     

文昌鱼胚胎整装荧光原位杂交技术的建立

文昌鱼(Branchiostoma belcheri tsingtauense)是进化发育生物学研究的重要模式生物,文昌鱼胚胎整装荧光原位杂交(WFISH,whole-mounted fluorescent in situ hybridization)技术将有助于鉴定文昌鱼胚胎发育过程中具有重要调控作用的功能基因。报告了文昌鱼胚胎整装荧光原位杂交技术,用以快速灵敏分析特定基因在文昌鱼胚胎发育过程中的时空表达图式。用体外转录合成的地高辛标记文昌鱼FGFR基因的反义RNA探针,检测到FGFR在文昌鱼原肠胚中表达于发生内陷的中内胚层细胞中,而预定发育为外胚层的细胞不表达FGFR。     

湛江硇洲岛文昌鱼(Branchiostoma belcheri)的食性研究

于2006年4~7月在湛江硇洲岛海域采集文昌鱼,进行春夏季节不同性别、不同体长组等的胃含物观察分析。结果表明,湛江硇洲岛文昌鱼消化道残留食物成分以泥沙碎屑为主,可辨生物成分有34种,大部分为底栖硅藻,占58.8%,也有少量甲藻、瓣鳃类幼虫、底栖桡足类幼虫和原生动物等。春夏季节的文昌鱼的摄食喜好不尽相同,饵料生物的出现率随着季节的变化有所变化。不同性别文昌鱼的摄食喜好比较相近。文昌鱼到了性腺成熟后才开始进食动物性食物。研究结果表明,文昌鱼摄食藻类、微生物等而自身转化为其他动物的较高营养层次食物,在海洋食物网中具有一定的重要作用。     

铬对文昌鱼的毒性效应和生长的影响

本文分析并报道了不同浓度Ｃｒ＾６＋和Ｃｒ＾３＋对文昌鱼的毒性效应及对文昌鱼生长的影响。结果表明,Ｃｒ＾６＋的毒性大于Ｃｒ＾３＋,其对文昌鱼的致死效应与底质有关;组织学观察发现,文昌鱼中毒器官主要是鳃、肠和肌肉;适宜浓度的Ｃｒ＾６＋和Ｃｒ＾３＋可明显地促进文昌鱼的生长。     

Expression and localization of a novel phosducin-like protein from amphioxus Branchiostoma belcheri

A full length amphioxus cDNA, encoding a novel phosducin-like protein (Amphi-PhLP),was identified for the first time from the gut cDNA library of Branchiostoma belched. It is comprised of 1 550 bp and an open reading frame (ORF) of 241 amino acids, with a predicted molecular mass of approximately 28 kDa. In situ hybridization histocbemistry revealed a tissue-specific expression pattern of Amphi-PhLP with the high levels in the ovary, and at a lower level in the hind gut and testis, hepatic caecum, gill, endostyle, and epipharyngeal groove, while it was absent in the muscle, neural tube and notochord. In the Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells transfected with the expression plasmid pEGFP-NIIAmphi-PhLP, the fusion protein was targeted in the cytoplasm of CHO cells, suggesting that Amphi-PhLP is a cytosolic protein. This work may provide a framework for further understanding of the physiological function of Amphi-PhLP in B. belcheri.