珠江口伶仃洋水域溶解氧特征

根据１９８７年６，８，１１月和１９８８年２月４个航次珠江口伶汀洋的调查资料，分析了溶解氧的特征。结果表明：溶解氧含量表层均高于底层，周年变化呈现从夏季到冬季逐渐上升，且明显受珠江径流的影响，溶解氧（基本上是不饱和状态）与盐度成负相关。有机物和营养盐均影响溶解氧，但水温仍为溶解氧主要影响因素。     

基于高光谱的射阳河口悬浮泥沙浓度定量反演研究

通过提取高光谱遥感信息,对射阳河口悬浮泥沙浓度与实测光谱及Hyperion影像光谱反射率进行了相关性分析,结果表明：射阳河口含沙水体对实测光谱反射率的敏感波段为898～904nm,对光谱分辨率为10nm的Hyperion影像敏感波段正好位于896nm处,以此构建的指数模型,其相关指数达到0．89。模型的检验显示,相对根均方差值为38．78％,表明单波段896nm对预测射阳河口的悬沙质量浓度具有良好的精度。由于试验取样时间与Hyperion影像的成像时间相匹配,此时水流场较稳定,河口水体中的泥沙运移与扩散规律与影像解译结果相似,即：近岸悬沙质量浓度高,远海浓度低;河口南侧由于属于淤长性海岸,悬沙质量浓度比北侧高。研究结果为利用高光谱分析技术构建海洋悬沙含量的定量反演模型提供了可靠依据,也为海洋水体其他物质成分的定量反演奠定了基础。     

伶仃洋L＿2和L＿（16）孔第四纪有孔虫群与孢粉化石带特征及其地质意义

本文所依据的分析样品是取自珠江最大的一个河口湾伶仃洋中部的水下钻孔岩芯，其底部到达花岗岩基底。通过对第四纪有孔虫群与孢粉化石带特征的分析，阐明在相同的钻孔岩芯中，有孔虫分布变化所反映的古沉积环境特征与孢粉分析的古气候特征较为吻合，并与相应的沉积相对应，结合￣（１４）Ｃ和￣（２３０）Ｔｈ／￣（２３２）Ｔｈ比值法测年数据，从而较好地重塑本区晚更新世中期以来的地质历史。     

珠江口外走航ADCP资料的系统误差订正与质量控制

在对珠江口外2006年冬季航次走航ADCP观测资料处理中发现用Joyce的方法不能有效地订正系统误差,其原因在于订正角与航速、船艏向相关。给出了一个订正角为船艏向余弦的拟合函数,得出良好的订正结果。分析了VmDas软件处理流速结果的精度,给出了系统误差识别的方法。发现观测资料中一些不能为VmDas软件识别的错误数据,分析了海况对观测资料的影响,提出了观测资料质量控制与误差订正的一套程序。     

长江口三维潮流数值计算及动力分析

采用三维动力学数学模型对长江口潮流场进行了计算，对长江口潮流流态在一个潮周期内逐时进行了分析，并对长江口南支盐水倒灌从动力学角度进行了初步探讨。计算结果表明：文中模型较好地重演长江口潮流场，可以用于大型复杂河口工程实际中的潮流场的计算和分析。     

Tidal effect on dynamics of pore water nitrate in intertidal sediment of a eutrophic Estuary

To evaluate the effect of the tidal cycle on the pore water nitrate dynamics in intertidal sediment, concentrations of inorganic nitrogen in water and sediment were monitored during tidal cycles in the mud flat of Tama Estuary, Japan. During submergence, nitrate concentration was highest in the overlying water and decreased monotonically with increasing depth in the sediment, suggesting that the primary source of nitrate in the sediment was nitrate transported from the overlying water. Pore water nitrate decreased remarkably during the initial 3–4 hours after the onset of exposure. Thereafter, it was constant or slightly increased until tidal flooding.In situ accumulation of nitrate at the end of exposure, however, did not exceed the nitrate concentrations in the overlying water. The inhibition of nitrate reduction and the stimulation of nitrification would explain the change of nitrate concentration, both consistent with the input of oxygen into the sediment following a 10 mm drop of the water table. In Tama Estuary sediments, the effect of the tidal cycle on the removal of combined nitrogen is rather negative, because high nitrate concentrations in the overlying water canceled the positive effect of nitrate accumulation by nitrification during exposure, while tidal oxygen intrusion have an inhibitory effection sedimentary denitrification.     

Preliminary study on the dissolved and colloidal organic carbon in the Zhujiang River estuary

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珠江口淇澳岛滨海湿地沉积环境演化及其对人类活动的响应

滨海湿地作为人类活动和全球变化反应最为敏感的区域,其沉积记录可以反映出周边地区环境变化及人类活动信息。珠江口淇澳岛滨海湿地钻孔分析结果表明,在中全新世期间淇澳岛附近海域为河口湾环境,在风化层以上开始出现淤积,但在4 200 a BP前后受极冷气候的影响,沉积物粗化;自2 500 a BP以来,沉积环境相对稳定,在小冰期期间略有变化。沉积速率计算结果显示:淇澳岛附近海域自中全新世高海面以来的平均沉积速率为0.29 cm/a,4 160~2 500 a BP、2 500 a BP-1488年、1488-1893年、1893-1986年、1990-2007年期间的平均沉积速率分别为:0.17 cm/a、0.23 cm/a、0.35 cm/a、1.37 cm/a和5.94 cm/a,沉积速率逐渐增大,反映了珠江三角洲演化过程中沉积相与沉积环境的变化;1986-1990年期间的海堤建造极大地扰动了该钻孔上部的沉积过程,在工程施工期间共沉积了厚度约112 cm的沉积层,而在海堤建成后,沉积速率也显著增大。沉积物总有机碳、总氮和C/N值的垂向分布表明,在4 160~2 500 a BP期间受海洋环境影响较大,沉积物中有机碳以海源为主,2 500 a BP以来沉积物中碳、氮含量明显增大,C/N也相应变大,有机碳主要来源于陆源输入,但在小冰期期间海源有机碳贡献略有所增大;近百年来由于受人类活动影响显著,陆源有机碳的贡献快速增加。     

Spatial and temporal patterns in the hyperbenthic community structure in a warm temperate southern African permanently open estuary

The spatial and temporal patterns in the hyperbenthic community structure (>500 μm) in the warm temperate, permanently open Kariega Estuary situated along the south-eastern coastline of South Africa was investigated monthly over a period of twelve months. Data were collected using a modified hyperbenthic sledge at six stations along the length of the estuary. Physico-chemical data indicate the presence of a constant reverse salinity gradient, with highest salinities measured in the upper reaches and lowest at the mouth of the estuary. Strong seasonal patterns in temperature, dissolved oxygen and total chlorophyll-a (chl-a) concentration were evident. Total average hyperbenthic densities ranged between 0.4 and 166 ind.m⁻³ in the lower net and between 0.2 and 225 ind.m⁻³ in the upper net. Hyperbenthic biomass values ranged between 0.02 and 11.9 mg.dry weight.m⁻³ in the lower net and between 0.02 and 17.4 mg.dry weight.m⁻³ in the upper net. Both the lower and upper nets were numerically dominated by decapods (mainly brachyuran crab zoea) with the exception of June and July 2008 when mysids (mainly Mesopodopsis wooldridgei) dominated, comprising up to 72.4 ± 58.14% of the total abundance in the lower net. A redundancy analysis (RDA) indicated that 99.2% of the variance in the hyperbenthic community structure could be explained by the first two canonical axes. Axis one, which accounted for 96.8% of the total variation detected in the ordination plot was highly correlated with sedimentary organic content and to a lesser extent the chl-a concentration within the Kariega Estuary. The correlations with the second canonical axis (2.4%) were less obvious, however, salinity and seston concentration were weakly correlated with this axis.     

珠江三角洲口门近期淤积及其对港口航道的影响

近20a珠江三角洲口门的淤积加速与水沙分配比的变化、河道冲刷、口门延伸等因素有关。主要港口和航道的自然淤积速率和疏浚后的回淤速率,均以伶仃洋西岸的中山港、九州港为最大,疏浚后的半年或一年半时间便全部回淤。深圳港和珠海港的自然淤积速率最小,分别为0．5～1．4cm／a和1．8cm／a。