Development and application of antibody microarray for white spot syndrome virus detection in shrimp

Detecting white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) in shrimp in high efficiency and veracity is important for disease prevention in aquaculture. Antibody-based microarray is a novel proteomic technology that can meet the requirements. In this study, we developed an antibody microarray for WSSV-detection in a specific and parallel way at multiple samples. First, seven slides each with different modifications were characterized by atomic force microscope, and were compared in the efficiency of immobilizing proteins. Of the seven, 3-dimensional structured agarose gel-modified slides were chosen appropriate for the microarray for having higher signal value and superior spot size. A purified rabbit anti-WSSV antibody was arrayed as the capture antibody of the microarray on the agarose gel-modified slides, and then the microarray slides were incubated in the tissue homogenate of sampled shrimp and the antibody-antigen complex was detected by Cy3-conjugated anti-WSSV monoclonal antibody. The results were measured by a laser chipscanner and analyzed with software. To obtain satisfied fluorescence signal intensity, optimal conditions were searched. The detection limit of the antibody microarray for WSSV is 0.62 μg/mL, with a proven long shelf life for 6 months at 4°C or 8 months at -20°C. Furthermore, concordance between antibody microarray and traditional indirect ELISA reached 100% for WSSV detection. These results suggest that the antibody microarray could be served as an effective tool for diagnostic and epidemiological studies of WSSV.     

闽南虾池综合养殖系统的结构及其养殖效益

本文根据3个地点4口虾池周年跟踪调查，报道了综合养殖系统的结构及其特点、养殖管理技术、各综合养殖系统的经济效益以及各系统的效益评价。此外，还阐述了存在问题与展望，这些调查成果可为对虾养殖业的持续发展提供科学依据。     

养殖场苗池温度的计算机监控系统

通过对苗池和锅炉温度检测与控制单元、模拟信号处理单元、数据采集单元等硬件监控系统的研制,并在此基础上对计算机与数据采集单元的接口、苗池与锅炉温度动态显示和采集数据处理等软件模块进行开发,实现了先进的信息技术、自动控制技术和传感测量技术在养殖场的成功应用.     

A successful microbound diet for the larval culture of Chinese shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis

A 13-day feeding trial was carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of a microbound diet for rearing the larvae of Chinese shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis in comparison with the live foods that consist of Isochrysis galbana, Chlorella vulgaris, Tetraselmis chuii, rotifer (Brachionus plicatilis) and Artemia sp. Larvae of 0 to 13d post-hatch (dph) were reared in a temperature-controlled semi-open culture system and stocked at a density of 100 larvae L⁻¹ in tanks, each containing 50 L sterilized seawater with salinity 30–32. Larvae were manually fed either the live foods or the microbound diet 6 times per day. At 13dph, the growth of the larvae fed on the microbound diet was approximately 84% of that fed on the live foods. The survival rate of the larvae fed on the microbound diet was 44.29% at 13 dph, which was not significantly different from that of larvae fed on live foods (63.55% ). The body length and development index (DI) of the larvae fed on the microbound diet were always lower than those of larvae fed on live foods. However, the differences reached significant levels only at 11 and 13dph (P<0.05). The mean dry weight loss of the microbound diet was 9.2% after 90min immersion in seawater, indicating that this diet has a good water stability. The microbound diet contains 5223% crude protein and 10.27% lipid and is easy to prepare. These characteristics of the diet suggest good potentials for its successful use in the larviculture of other penaeid and fish species.     

节水型斑节对虾养殖池环境质量监测与评价

用质量指数法评价节水型斑节对虾养殖池的环境质量.将对照池海水平均质量指数与微生物调控的试验池比较,硫化物、DO、磷酸盐、COD分别高71%、43%、24%、8.3%,但非离子氨、无机氮分别低229%、122%.综合来看,试验池的水质优于对照池,对照池水质有轻微污染,污染因子是磷酸盐、COD、BOD;底质环境未受有机物和硫化物的污染,对照池有机物含量高于试验池,对照池硫化物含量低于试验池.     

海捕大管鞭虾(Solenocera melantho)调理食品在常温保藏中的货架期预测及产品质量分析

本文测定了海捕大管鞭虾(Solenocera melantho)(又称红虾)调理食品在不同温度保藏中的细菌总数、挥发性盐基氮(TVB-N)值、pH值及感官评价等参数。通过对虾肉色泽、组织质构、风味和外形四个方面的检测,综合各项指标决定将TVB-N作为该产品质量变化和推测货架期时长的关键指标。将各温度下测定的TVB-N值代入线性方程组计算出反应活化能E_a为55.21 k J/mol,指前因子k_0为1.08×10~9。利用Arrhenius方程外推法计算得出在20°C和25°C温度下TVB-N值变化速率常数分别为k_(20°C)=0.1405和k_(25°C)=0.2386,从而进一步确定该条件下保藏的理论货架期分别为153.6d和92.1d。经质构仪分析红虾虾仁的硬度与弹性变化,综合感官评定结果和其它测定值,确定海捕红虾产品在常温贮藏中的货架期为3个月。本研究为常温下红虾调理食品的保藏提供了理论依据。     

尾矿库排渗工程技术方法

为消除或减少尾矿库的安全风险,重要措施就是降低尾矿库坝体内的浸润线,而排渗工程技术方法是其主要手段。本文结合部分岩土工程技术在尾矿库排渗工程中的运用,并通过多项工程实践,系统讨论与总结尾矿库排渗工程技术方法中的盲沟排渗法、水平孔排渗法、辐射井排渗法、井点管抽水法、其它联合排渗措施的原理特点、施工方法与质量控制要点。     

Site selection for water harvesting ponds using spatial multi-criteria analysis in a region with fluctuating climate

The purpose of this research was to identify suitable sites for water harvesting ponds using spatial multi-criteria analysis (SMCA). In total, 12 spatial data-sets were used for this research, 14 criteria have been selected for defining a proper sink, and each of these criteria is converted into the common scale differently based on whether one is a constraint or a factor. The defined sinks were evaluated by nine constraints and five factors analysis, sequentially. At the end of the factor analysis, the proper sinks were divided into four classes, namely: unsuitable, marginally, moderately and highly suitable. Ground truth observation was carried at randomly selected 13 proper sinks. Overall accuracy of site selection for water harvesting ponds using SMCA was 92.3%. Due to the very different natural zones and fluctuating climate of Mongolia, spatial factors for SMCA were standardized instead of using interval divisions.     

THE APPLICATION AND RESEARCH PROGRESS OF BIOREMEDIATION IN POND AQUACULTURE

当前我国池塘养殖多数仍沿用传统的池塘养殖模式, 普遍存在以下问题: 高密度养殖、饵料大量投喂、池塘水质恶化、病害频发等。然而传统的应对方法主要是大量换水, 由此产生的养殖废水直接排放到临近水域, 已导致污染扩散、水环境恶化、水域富营养化等系列问题。为降低池塘养殖面源污染, 确保池塘养殖业健康可持续发展, 本文介绍了目前运用于修复池塘养殖水环境的生物修复主要方法, 包括: 微生物修复法——微生态制剂和固定化微生物、植物修复、动物修复法、生物膜法、几种生物修复技术的综合运用等方法, 展望了生物修复方法在池塘养殖水环境修复方面的应用前景, 认为池塘养殖生物膜修复法因具有良好且稳定的水质改良、节能减排及增产增效等效果而具有广阔的应用推广前景。     

连云港对虾养殖区表层沉积物重金属污染评价

在2010年6月对连云港市对虾养殖区的沉积物环境状况进行这站调查,分析了对虾池养殖区表层沉积物中重金属的含量及分布,并采用海洋沉积物质量国家标准和地积累指数法对该养殖区沉积物中重金属污染进行了评价。结果表明: (1)Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd、Hg、Cr、As的平均浓度分别为22.31 mg/kg、283.9 mg/kg、64.86 mg/kg、0.58 mg/kg、0.0056 mg/kg、89.23 mg/kg、35.58 mg/kg,通过计算单项污染指数表明所有元素的污染指数均在 0～1 之间,属于非污染,表明虾池沉积物属于清洁土壤。(2)利用地积累指数 (Igeo)法对所得到的调查结果进行了评价,发现各样点沉积物呈现出轻洁至中等的污染程度,参与评价的6种重金属的污染程度依次为As> Zn> Pb、Cd> Cr> Cu。进一步的生态风险评价结果表明,所有站位沉积物Cu和Cd（除站位5）的含量皆低于ERL值,说明Cu和Cd很少产生不利的生态效应;全部站位的重金属Zn、Pb和8个站位的Cr的含量均在ERL和ERM之间,表明这三种金属偶尔产生不利的生态效应。