电吸附找矿法在捕获常规化探方法难以发现的异常时的有效性

电吸附找矿法是一种针对寻找隐伏矿而研制的找矿新方法，它属金属活动态提取法的一种，其找矿原理是：深埋藏隐伏矿在地电化学作用下发生溶解，溶解出来的矿物质在各种迁移动力的驱动下，从地下深部向上运移到地表，进入土壤形成后生异常。后生异常组分多属活动态，但活动态组分不仅存在于后生异常中，也存在于同生异常——原生晕异常和次生晕异常中，因此，应用电吸附找矿法寻找露头矿和浅埋藏矿时，其效果与常规化探方法是一样的；但电吸附找矿法的主要作用是可应用于寻找深埋藏隐伏矿，因由隐伏矿引起的后生异常活动态组分含量很低，常规化探方法很难发现它，而电吸附找矿法却能捕获它。     

Coordination and valent state of nickel ions in beryl and chrysoberyl crystals

We have studied the polarized optical absorption and the EPR spectra of Ni-doped beryls grown by hydrothermal, flux and gas-transport methods, and chrysoberyl grown by the Czochralski and flux methods. In beryls, three groups of bands belonging to three various Ni centres were distinguished by analysis of the absorption band intensities. The first group, bands with maximums at 21740 (E ⊥ c), 17240 (E || c) and 9260 (E ⊥ + || c), 7140 (E || + ⊥ c) cm⁻¹, are due to Ni³⁺ in octahedral Al³⁺ site. The second group is bands at 25640 (E ⊥ c), 22220 (E || c) and 13520 (E || + ⊥ c), 13160 (E ⊥+ || c) cm⁻¹ and 8930 (E ⊥ + || c), 7460 (E || c) cm⁻¹, which are caused by Ni²⁺ in octahedral Al³⁺ site. Weak wide bands at 17540 (E ⊥ c), 15500 (E || c) cm⁻¹ and 6580 (E || + ⊥ c), 5950 (E || c) cm⁻¹ are related to Ni²⁺ in tetrahedral Be²⁺ site. The occurrence of Ni ions in Be²⁺ site is proved by the EPR spectra of ^1VNi⁺ in γ-irradiated samples. According to the spectra of optical absorption of Ni-doped chrysoberyl, two types of Ni centres have been established: Ni³⁺ and Ni²⁺ ions in octahedral Al³⁺ sites. From the EPR spectra of the X-ray irradiated crystals BeAl₂O₄: Ni, it follows that 68% of Ni⁺ ions occupy octahedral Al³⁺ sites with mirror symmetry and 32% are in Al³⁺ sites with inversion symmetry. In the approximation of trigonal field with regard to Trees correction, the energy levels of Ni³⁺ and Ni²⁺ have been calculated in octahedral and tetrahedral coordination. There is good agreement between the obtained experimental and calculated data. The polarization dependence of the optical absorption bands is well explained in terms of the spin–orbit interaction.     

碳酸钙共沉淀-火焰原子吸收光谱法测定卤水中痕量铜铅锌

以碳酸钙共沉淀卤水中的痕量Cu、Pb、Zn，用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定。对试剂的加入量、富集时间、酸度等影响因素进行了实验，选择了最佳的共沉淀条件。方法已用于卤水分析，加标回收率为Cu94．0％～97．6％、Pb94．0％。102％、Zn93．4％-102％。对卤水样品6次测定的相对标准偏差为Cu0．49％、Pb0．79％、Zn1．85％。     

用GGX-9型原子吸收辅助软件实现数据的快速处理

随着分析仪器的广泛应用，样品测量浓度校正问题也越来越突出。作者采用VB6．0编程工具编制了原子吸收辅助处理软件，并在GGX-9型原子吸收分光光度计上得到了良好应用。     

DUAL-DIAL:A PAIR OF WAVELENGTHS FOR HIGH PRECISE MEASUREMENTS OF OZONE*

In this paper the effects of aerosol on tropospheric ozone measurements by three-wavelength (266-289-308nm) dual differential absorption lidar (DIAL) and two-wavelength (266-289 nm and 266-308 nm) DIAL are simulated.By using the two kinds of DIAL.vertical profiles of ozone density from 2 to 3.6 km altitude range are measured.Both simulation and observation results show that the three-wavelength dual-DIAL method is more effective to reduce the effects of aerosol than the two-wavelength DIAL method.Therefore,accurate ozone density distributions can be retrieved by the three wavelength dual DIAL method.     

In-situ Measurements of Tropospheric Hydroxyl Radicals by Folded Long-Path Laser Absorption During the Field Campaign POPCORN

Absolutely calibrated in-situ measurements of tropospheric hydroxyl radicals, formaldehyde, sulfur dioxide, and naphthalene (C10H8) were performed by long-path laser absorption spectroscopy during the field campaign POPCORN. The absorption light path was folded into an open optical multiple reflection cell with a mirror separation of 38.5 m. Using a light path length of 1848 m and an integration time of 200 s, the average 1-detection limits of OH, HCHO, SO2 and C10H8 during POPCORN were 8.7 · 105 cm–3, 8.3 · 109 cm–3, 2.4 · 109 cm–3, 1.5 · 108 cm–3, respectively. In total, 392 identifications of OH in air spectra were made in a rural environment between August 5 and August 23, 1994. We present and discuss OH absorption spectra and diurnal OH concentration profiles of three days which are representative for measurements under different pollution conditions during POPCORN. The observed maximum and median OH radical concentrations are 1.3 · 107 OH/cm3 and 4.0 · 106 OH/cm3, respectively. The measured diurnal variation of the OH concentration shows a good correlation with the primary formation reaction of OH radicals which is the photolysis of ambient ozone. Deviations from this correlation in the morning and evening hours, when the OH concentration is higher than expected from the ozone photolysis, demonstrate the importance of other photochemical HOx production pathways during POPCORN.     

沙坡头地区土壤水分吸湿凝结的动态观测与理论计算

采用实际观测与理论计算相结合方法研究了沙地表层土壤吸湿凝结水量及其变化过程。沙土水分吸湿凝结过程可分两个阶段：第一阶段是由沙土自身物理性质决定的分子凝结过程,所吸收水量主要受温度和湿度影响,最大不超过沙土最大吸湿水量;第二阶段是由近地面微气象条件决定的水分凝结过程,所吸收水量受空气水汽压、地面温度和地表可利用能量的影响。采用能量平衡和空气动力学综合方法计算沙地吸湿凝水量及其动态变化,与实测值相比结果合理,方法是可行的。     

硅酸盐玻璃和熔体中硅和铝的配位与局部结构:K边X射线吸收光谱研究

硅酸盐玻璃和熔体中硅和铝的配位与局部结构：Ｋ边Ｘ射线吸收光谱研究＊李迪恩（中山大学地质系，广州５１０２７５）关键词硅酸盐玻璃和熔体硅和铝的配位Ｘ射线吸光谱高压下硅酸盐矿物和玻璃中的硅可以形成八面体配位［１］，但在通常的低压硅酸盐玻璃中，硅和铝为四面体...     

同步辐射X射线近边吸收谱法研究——二元金属重整催化剂中铂和铼的化学态

北京同步辐射装置（ＢＳＲＦ）提供同步辐射（ＳＲ）可调单色光，用Ｘ射线近边吸收谱法测得Ｆｅ３＋～Ｆｅ０和Ｎｉ３＋～Ｎｉ０的Ｋα吸收边能量位移分别为１０ｅＶ；Ｐｔ（Ⅳ）～Ｐｔ０的ＬⅢ吸收边能量位移为２ｅＶ；Ｒｅ（Ⅳ）～Ｒｅ０和Ｒｅ（Ⅶ）～Ｒｅ０的ＬⅢ吸收边能量位移分别为３ｅＶ和４ｅＶ，其化学位移测量的标准偏差为±０５１ｅＶ（２σ）。     

冷原子吸收法测定铜,铅和锌的精矿中的汞

试验了用冷原子吸收法测定铜精矿、铅精矿和锌精矿中微量Ｈｇ的适宜条件，拟定出适于３种精矿中３￣５００μｇ／ｇＨｇ的测定方法。方法的ＲＳＤ（ｎ＝１１）〈１０％，回收率为９０％￣１０２％，与双硫腙光度法测定结果吻合。